Price 10 cents 




ALMNG 

; ATH I>E TZ C /lylBRARYl t* • • 



sin 






w^ 



y 



Edited by 

tJ.ESULLIVAN 



^v^^ 



i^Ji-- 



■m^Fif AMERICAN SPORTS PUBLISHING CO.#' 

fl'iKltol.T.-j,...-!- 21 Warren Street. New YorK. tTP^^,^^ 




Grand Prize 
St. Louis, 1904 



Grand Prix 
Paris, 1900 



A. G. Spalding & Bros. 

Maintain their own Wholesale 

and Retail Stores for the 

Distribution of 

Spalding's Athletic Library 

and a complete line of 
SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 

in the following cities : 



NEW YORK 

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PHILADELPHIA 

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BOSTON. MASS. 

73 Federal Street 

BALTIMORE. MD. 

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WASHINGTON. D. C. 

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Commimications directed to A. G. Spalding & Bros, at any of th« abov» 

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SPALDING'S 

ATHLETIC 

LIBRARY 




Spalding's Athletic Library is admitted to be the leading 
library series of its kind published in the world. In fact, 
it has no imitators, let alone equals. It occupies a field 
that it has created for itself. 

The Librai-y was established in the year 1892, and it is an 
admitted fact by many authorities that Spalding's Athletic 
Library has accomplished a great deal in America for the 
advancement of amateur sport. 

The millions that read the Library during the year will 
attest to its value. A glance at its index will disclose the 
remarkable field that it covers. It is immaterial what the 
pastime may be, you will find in Spalding's Athletic Library 
a reference to it, either in a book devoted exclusively to 
that particular game or in some of the books that cover 
many sports. 

It has been the aim of the editors to make the books 
Official, and they are recognized as such, all the important 
governing bodies in America giving to the publishers of 
Spalding's Athletic Library the right to publish their x)fficial 
books and official rules. 

A glance at the names of the authors of the different vol- 
umes will convince the reader that the best men in each 
particular line, the men best qualified to write intelligently 
on each subject, are selected ; and, as a result, there is 
not another series in the world like Spalding's Athletic 
Library series. 

It is immaterial what new game or form of sport be 
conceived or advanced, it is invariably the aim of the 
publishers to have a book on that sport. In that way 
Spalding's Athletic Library is in the field at the beginning 
of the sport, follows it year in and year out and there can 
be no doubt whatever that the present popularity of athletic 
sports can attribute the same to the "backing" it has 
received from Spalding's Athletic Library. 

JAMES E. SULLIVAN. 



SPAIMNC ATHLETIC LIBRARV 

Giving fne Tities of aii Spaiding Affiietic Library 
Boohs now in print, grouped for ready reference 



=DoC= 



SPALDING OFFICIAL ANNUALS 



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ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng''s Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 
ng's Official 

Base Ball 



Base Ball Guide 

Foot Ball Guide 

Association Foot Ball Cuid« 

Cricket Guide 

Lawn Tennis Annual 

Golf Guide 

Ice HocRey Guide 

Basket Ball Guide 

Bowling Guide 

Indoor Base Ball Guide 

Roller Polo Guide 

Athletic Almanac 



Group I. 

No. 1 Spalding's Official Base Ball 

Guide, 
No. 202 How to Play Base Ball. 
No. 223 How to Bat. 
No. 232 How to Run Bases. 
No. 230 How to Pitch. 
No. 229 How to Catch. 
No. 225 How to Play I^irst Base. 
No. 226 How to Play Second Base. 
No. 227 How to Play Third Base. 
NTo. 228 How fo Play Shortstop. 
\^o. 224 How to Play the Outfield. 

f How to Organize a Base Ball 
Club. [League. 

How to Organize a Base Ball 
How to Manage a Base Ball Club. 
How to Train a Base Ball Team. 
How to Captain a Base Ball 
How to Umpire a Game. [Team. 
" Technical Base Ball Terms, 
No. 219 Ready Reckoner of Base Ball 
Percentages. 
BASE BALL AUXILIARIES 
No. 291 Minor League Base Ball Guide. 
No. 298 Official Handbook National 
League of Prof. B. B. Clubs. 



Group IK 



Foot Bali 



No. 2 Spalding's Official Foot Ball 
Guide. 

No. 284 How to Play Foot Ball. 

No. 2A Spalding's Official (Soccer) 
Association Foot Ball Guide. 

No. 286 How to Play Soccer. 

FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES 

No. 283 Spalding's Official Canadian 
Foot Ball Guide. 

No. 294 Official Intercollegiate Associa- 
tion Soccer Foot Ball Guide. 

Group III. cricket 

No. 3 Spalding's Official Cricket 

Guide. 
No. 277 Cricket and How to Play It. 

Group IV. Lawn Tennff 

No. 4 S% aiding' s Official Lawn Tenni: 

Annual. 
No. 157 How to Play Lawn Tennis. 
No. 279 Strokes and Science of Lawi 
Tennis. 

Group V Goit 

No. 5 Spolding's Official Golf Guide. 
No. 276 How to Play Golf. 

Group Vl» Hockey 

No. 6 Spalding's Official Ice Hockey 
No. 154 Field Hockey. iGuide. 

No. 188 Lawn Hockey. 
No. 180 Ring Hockey. 

HOCKEY AUXILIARY 

No. 256 Official Handbook Ontario 

Hockey Association. 



Any of the Above Books Mailed Postpaid Upon 
Receipt of lO Cents 



^SPALDING ATHLETIC LffiRARYy^ 



Bashet Ball 

Official Basket 



€roup VII. 

No. 7 Spalding'. 

Ball Guide. 
No. 193 How to Play Basket Ball. 
No. 260 Basket Ball Guide for Women. 

BASKET BALL AUXILIARY 
No. 278 Official Collegiate Basket Ball 

Handbook. 

Group VIII. Bowliog 

No. 8 Spalding's Official Bowling 
Guide. 

Group IX. Indoor Base Ball 

No. 9 Spalding* s Official Indoor 
Base Ball Guide. 

Group X. Polo 

No. 10 Spalding's Offi cial Roller 
No. 129 Water Polo. [Polo Guide. 

No. 199 Equestrian Polo. 

Group XI. Miscellaneous Games 

No. 201 Lacrosse. 
No. 248 Archery. 
No. 138 Croquet. 
No. 271 Roque. 
1^ (Racquets. 

i(U -{Squash-Racquets. 

^^ (Court Tennis. 
No. 13 Hand Ball. 
No. 167 Quoits. 
No. 170 Push Ball. 
No. 14 Curling. 
No. 207 Lawn Bowls. 
No. 188 Lawn Games. 
No. 189 Children's Games. 

Group XII. Athletics 

No. 12 Spalding's Official Athletic 
Almanac. 

No. 27 College Athletics. 

No. 182 All Around Athletics. 

No. 156 Athletes' Guide. 

No. 87 Athletic Primer. 

No. 273 Olympic Games at Athens, 1906. 

No. 252 How to Sprint. 

No. 255 How to Run 100 Yards. 

No. 174 Distance and Cross Country 
Running. 

No. 259 How to Become a Weight 
Thrower. 

No. 55 Official Sporting Rules. 

No. 246 Athletic Training for School- 
boys. 
ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES 

No. 241 Amateur Athletic Union Offi- 
cial Handbook. 

No. 217 Olympic Handbook (St. Louis). 

No. 292 Intercollegiate Official Hand- 
book. 



Manly Sports 

(By Breck) . 



ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES- Cow. 
No. 245 Y. M. C. A. Official Handbook. 
No, 281 Public Schools Athletic League 

Official Handbook. 
No. 274 Intercollegiate Cross Country 

Association Handbook. 

Athletic 
Group XIII. Accomplishments 

No. 177 How to Swim. 

No. 128 How to Row. 

No. 209 How to Become a Skater. 

No. 178 How to Train for Bicycling. 

No. 23 Canoeing. 

No. 282 Roller Skating Guide. 

No. 296 Speed Swimming. 

Group XIV. 

No. 18 Fencing. 

No. 162 Boxing. 

No. 165 Fencing. (By Senac). 

No. 140 WrestHng. 

No. 236 How to Wrestle. 

No. 102 Ground Tumbling. 

No. 233 Jiu Jitsu. 

No. 166 How to Swing Indian Clubs. 

No. 200 Dumb Bell Exercises. 

No. 143 Indian Clubs and Dumb Bells. 

No. 262 Medicine Ball Exercises. 

No. 29 Pulley Weight Exercises. 

No. 191 How to Punch the Bag. 

No. 289 Tumbling for Amateurs. 

Group XV. Gymnastics 

No. 104 Grading of Gymnastic Exer- 
cises. 

No. 214 Graded Calisthenics and Dumb 
Bell Drills. 

No. 254 Barnjum Bar Bell Drill. 

No. 158 Indoor and Outdoor Gymnastic 
Games. 

No. 124 How to Become a Gymnast. 

No. 287 Fancy Dumb Bell and March- 
ing Drills. 

Group XVI. Physical culture 

No. 161 Ten Minutes' Exercise for 

Busy Men. 
No. 208 Physical Education and Hy- 
giene. 
No. 149 Scientific Physical Train ing 

and Care of the Body. 
No. 142 Physical Training Simplified. 
No. 185 Hints on Health. 
No. 213 285 Health Answers. 
No. 238 Muscle Building. [ning. 

No. 234 School Tactics and Maze Run- 
No. 261 Tensing Exercises. .[ics. 
No. 285 Health by Muscular Gymnast- 
No. 288 Indigestion Treated by Gym- 
No. 290 Get Well; Keep Well, [nasties. 



Any of the Above Books Mailed Postpaid Upon 
Receipt of 10 Cents 



g^^SPALDING ATHLETIC LffiRARYy^ 




Group L Base Ball 

No. 1— Spalding's Official 
Base Ball Guide 

The leading Base Ball 
annual of the country, 
and the official authority 
of the game. Eklited by 
Henry Chadwick, the 
"Father of Base Ball." 
Contains the official play- 
ing rules, with an ex- 
planatory index of thr 
rules compiled by Mr. 
A. G. Spalding; pictures of all the 
teams in the National, American and 
minor leagues; official averages; re- 
views of the season in all the pro- 
fessional organizations; college Base 
Ball, and a great deal of interesting 
information. Price lu cents. 

No. 202— How to Play Base 
Ball. 

Edited by T. H. 
Murnane. New and 
revised edition. 
Contents: How to 
become a good bat- 
ter; how to run the 
bases; advice to 
base runners. by 
James E. Sullivan, 
President A.A.U.; 
how to become a good pitcher; 
how to become a good catcher; how 
to play first base; how to play sec- 
ond base; how to play third base; 
how to play shortstop; how to play 
the infield; how to play the out- 
field; the earmarks of a ball player, 
by John J. McGraw; good advice for 
players; how to organize a team; 
how to manage a team; how to 
score a game; how to umpire a 
game; base ball rules interpreted for 
boys. Price 10 cents. 

No. 223— How to Bat. 

The most important 
part of ball playing now- 
adays, outside of pitch- 
ing, is batting. The team 
that can bat and has 
some good pitchers^ can 
win base ball games; 
therefore, every boy and 
young man who has. of 
course, already learned to 
catch, should turn his attention to 
this department of the game, and 
there is no better way of becoming 
proficient than by reading this book 
and then constantly practising the 
little tricks explained. Price 10 cts. 






No. 232— How to Ran tlie 
Bases. 

The importance of base 
running as a scientific! 
feature of the national [ 
game is becoming more 
and more recognized each | 
yeai*. Besides being spec- 
tacular, feats of base 
stealing nearly always 
figure in the winning of 
a game. Many a close' 
contest is decided on the winning of 
that little strip of 90 feet which lies 
between cushions. When hits are 
few and the enemy's pitchers steady, 
it becomec incumbent on the oppos- 
ing team to get around the bases in 
some manner. Effective stealing not 
only increases the effectiveness of 
the team by advancing its runners 
without wasting hits, but it serves 
to materially disconcert the enemy 
and frequently has caused an entire 
opposing club to temporarily lose its 
poise and throw away the game. 
This book gives clear and concise di- 
rections for excelling as a base run- 
ner; tells when to run and when not 
to do so; how and when to slide; 
team work on the bases; in fact, 
every point of the game is thor- 
oughl.v explained. Illustrated with 
pictures of leading players. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 230— How to Pitch. 

A new, up-to-date book. 
The object of this book 
is to aid the beginners 
who aspire to become 
clever twirlers, and its 
contents are the practi- 
cal teaching of men who 
have reached the top as 
pitchers, and who know 
how to impart a knowl- 
edge of their art. All the big 
leagues' pitchers are shown. Price 
10 cents. 
No. 229— How to Catcli. 

Undoubtedly the best_ 
book on catching that 
has yet been published. 
Every boy who has hopes I 
of being a clever catcher | 
should read how weT 
known players cover their I 
position. Among thef 
more noted ones who de- 
scribe their methods of 
play in this book are Lou Criger of 
the Boston Americans and Johnnie 
Kling of the Chicago Nationals. The 
numerous pictures comprise all the 
noted catchers in the big leagues. 
Price 10 cents. 





<=^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LffiRARY/^ 




No. 225— How to Play First 
Base. 

No other position in a 
ball team has shown 
such a change for the 
better in recent years as 
first base. Modifications 
in line with the better- 
ment of the sport in 
every department have 
been made at intervals, 
but in no other depart- 
ment have they been so radical. No 
l)<)y wht) plays the initial sack can 
afford to overlook the points and 
hints contained in this book. En- 
tirely new and up to date. Illus- 
trated with full-page pictures of all 
the prominent first basemen. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 226— How to Play Second 
Base. 

There are so few men 
who can cover second 
base to perfection that 
their names can easily 
be called ofE by anyone 
who follows the game of 
base ball. Team owners 
who possess such players 
would not part with 
them for thousands of 
dollars. These men have been inter- 
viewed and their ideas incorporated 
in this book for the especial benefit 
of boys who want to know the fine 
points of play at this point of the 
diamond. Illustrated with full-page 
pictures. Price 10 cents. 



."Jo. 227— How to Play Third 
Base. 

Third base is, in somf 
iesi)ects, the most impor- 
tant of the infield. No 
major league team has 
ever won a pennant with- 
out a great third base- 
man. Collins of the Bos- 
tun Americans and Leach 
of E'ittsburg are two of 
the greatest third base- 
men the game has ever seen, and 
their teams owe much of the credit 
fot pennants they have won to 
them. These men in this book de- 
scribe just how they play the posi- 
tion. Everything a player should 
know is clearly set forth and any 
boy will surely increase his chances 
of success by a careful reading of 
this book. Illustrated. Price lu 
cents. _ 







No. 228— How to Play Short- 
Shortstop is one of the 
hardest positions on the 
infield to fill, and quick 
thought and quick action 
are necessary for a play- 
er who expects to make 
good as a shortstop. The 
views of every well- 
known player who cov- 
ers this position haye 

been sought in compiling this book. 

Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 224— How to Play the 
Outfield. 

Compiled especially for 
the young player who 
would become an expert. 
The best book on play- 
ing the outfield that has 
ever been published. 
There are just as many 
tricks to be learned, be- 
fore a player can be a 
competent fielder, a s 
there are in any other position on a 
nine, and this book explains them 
all. Price 10 cents. 

No. 231— How to Coach; How 
to Captain a Team; How 
to Manage a Team; Hoiv 
to Umpire; Hot»^ to Or- 
ganize a L.eagne; Tech- 
nical TeiMus of Base Ball. 

A useful guide to all 

who are interested in the 
above subjects. Jimmy 
Collins writes on coach- 
ing; M, J. Kelly on cap- 
taining; Al Buckenberger 
on managing; Frank 
Dwyer of the American 
League staff on umpir- 
ing;: Fred Lake on minor 
leagues, and the editor, T. H. Mur- 
nane. I'resident of the New England 
League, on how to organize a league. 
The chapters on Technical Terms of 
Base Ball have been written by 
Henry Chadwick, the "Father of 
Base 'lall," and define the meaning 
of all the terms p(>culiar to the Na- 
tional Game. Price 10 cents. 

No. 210 — Ready Reckoner of 
Base Ball Percentages. 

To supply a demand 
for a book which would I 
show the percentage of 
clubs without recourse to| 
the arduous work of fig- 
uring, the publishers I 
have had these tables | 
'ompiled by an expert. 
Price 10 cents. 





'^SPALDING ATHLETIC LffiRARY/7^ 





base: ball, auxiliaries. 

No. 291 — Minor Leag^ue Base 
Ball Guide. 

The minors' own guide. 
Contains pictures o f 
leading teams, schedules, 
report of annual meeting 
National Association of 
Professional Base Ball 
Leagues, special articles 
and official rules. Edited 
by President T. H. Mur- 
nane, of the New England League. 
Price 10 cents. (Ready May 1.) 

No. 293— Official Handbook 
of the National Leagrue 
of Professional Base Ball 
Clubs. Contains the Constitu- 
tion, By-Laws, Otficial 
Rules, Averages, and 
schedule of the Na- 
tional League for the 
current vear, together 
with list of club offi- 
cers and reports of the 
annual meetings of the 
League. Every follower 
of the game should have a copy of 
this book if he wants to keep his 
file of Base Ball books complete. 
Price 10 cents. 



Group n. Foot Ball 

No. 2— Spalding's Official 
Foot Ball Guide. 

Edited by Walter 
Camp. Contains the new 
rules, with diagram of 
field; All- America teams 
as selected by the lead- 
ing authorities; reviews 
of the game from vari- 
ous sections of the coun- 
try; 1905 scores of all 
the leading teams; pic- 
tures of hundreds of players. 
10 cents. 

No. 284— How to Play Foot 
Ball. 

Edited by Walter 
Camp. The contents em 
brace everything that i 
beginner wants to know 
land many points that an 
expert will be glad to 
learn. The pictures are 
[made from snapshots of 
leading teams and play 
ers in action, with com 

ments by Walter Camp. Price 10 

cents. 




Price 





No. 2A— Spalding's Official 
Association Soccer Foot 
Ball Guide. 



A complete and up-to- 
date guide to the 
"Soccer" game in the 
United States, containing 
instructions for playing 
the game, official rules, 
and interesting news 
from all parts of the 
country. Illustrated. 

Price 10 cents. 



No. 286— How to Play Soc- 
cer. 

Owing to the gi'eat 
interest shown in ' "Soc- 
cer" foot ball in Amer- 
ica, the publishers have 
had a book compiled in 
England, the home of the 
sport, telling how each 
position should be played, 
written by the best play- 
er in England in his re- 
spective position, and illustrated 
with full-page photographs of play- 
ers in action. As a text-book of 
the game this work is invaluable, 
and no "Soccer" player can afford 
to be without it. Price 10 cents. 



FOOT BALL AUXILIARIES. 



No. 283— Spalding's Official 
Canadian Foot Ball 




Guide. 

Edited by Frank D. 
Woodworth. Secretary- 
Treasurer Ontario Rugby 
Foot Ball Union. The 
official book of the game 
in Canada. Price 10 
cents. 






No. 294— Official Intercolle- 
giate Association Soccer 
Foot Ball 
Guide. 

Contains the constitu- 
tion and by-laws of the 
Association, pictures of 
the teams, and oflacial 
playing rules. Price 10 
cents. 




<^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY /7^ 



Group III. Cricket 

Xo. 3— Spaldins's Official 
Cricket Cwiiide. 

Edited by Jerome Flan- 
lu-ry. The most com- 
plete year book of the 
game that has ever been 
published In America 
Reports of special 
matches, official rules 
and pictures of all the 
leading teams. I'rice lU 
cents. 

No. 277— Cricket; and How 
to Play it. 
By rriiice Ranjitsinhji. 

Every department of 

the game is described 

concisely and illustrated 

with full-page pictures 

posed especially for this 

book. The best book 

of Instruction on the 

game ever published. 

Price 10 cents. 





Group IV. 



Lawn 
Tennis 




No. 4— Spaldingr's Official 
LaTvii Tennis Annual. 

Edited by H. P. Bur- 
chell, of the New York 
Times. Contents include 
a report of every impor- 
tant tournament played 
in 1906, embracing the 
National Championship, 
sectional and State tour- 
naments; invitation and 
open tournaments; inter- 
collegiate and interscholastic cham- 
pionships; women's national cham- 
pionships; foreign championships; in- 
door championships: official ranking 
for each year from 1885 to 1906; 
laws of lawn tennis; instructions for 
handicapping; decisions on doubtful 
points; regulations for the manage- 
ment of tournaments; directory of 
clubs; directions for laying out and 
keeping a court; tournament notes. 
Illustrated with pictures of leading 
players. Price 10 cents. 

No. 157— Hovr to Play Lawn 
Tennis. 

A complete description 
of lawn tennis; a lesson 
for beginners and direc- 
tions telling how to 
make the most impor- 
tant strokes. Illustrated. 
Price 10 cents. 





Golf 

Official 



No. 279— Strokes and Science 
of Lawn Tennis. 

By P. A. Vaile. a 
leading authority on the 
game in Great Britain. 
Every stroke in the 
pame is accurately illus- 
trated and analyzed by 
the author. As a means 
of affording a compari- 
son between the Amer- 
ican and the English 
methods of play, this book is ex- 
tremely useful. Price 10 cents. 

Group V. 

No. 5— Spalding's 
Golf Guide. 

The leading annual of 
the game in the United 
States. Contains rec- 
ords of all important 
tournaments, articles on 
the game in various sec- 
tions of the country, 
pictures of prominent 
players, official playing 
rules and general items 
of interest. Price 10 cts. 

No. 276— How to Play Golf. 

By James Braid, the 
English Open Champion 
of 1906. A glance at 
the chapter headings 
will give an idea of the 
variety and value of the 
con tents: Beginners' 
M-rong ideas; method of 
tuition; choosing the 
clubs; how to grip the 
club; stance and address in driving; 
the upward swing in driving, etc ; 
Numerous full-page pictures of Cham- 
pion Braid in action add to the 
book's attractiveness. Price 10 cts. 

Group VI. Hockey 

No. 6— Spaldinsr's Official Ice 
Hockey Guide. 

Written by the most | 
famous player in Can- 
ada, A. Farrell. of the I 
Shamrock hockey team | 
of ;Montreal. It contains 
a complete description! 
of hockey, its origin, 
points of a good player, 
and an insti'uctive ar- 
ticle on how game is 
played, with diagrams and official 
rules. Illustrated with pictures of 
leading teams. Price 10 cents. 





•AN 



SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY 



JT 





No. 154— Field HoclceF. 

To those in need of 
vigorous and healthful 
out-of-doors exer c i s e, 
this game is recom- 
mended highly. Its 
healthful attribute* are 
manifold and the inter- 
est of player and spec- 
tator alike is kept ac- 
tive through out the 
progress of the game. The game is 
prominent in the sports at Vassar, 
Smith, Wellesley, Bryn Mawr and 
other leading colleges. Price 10 cents. 

No. 188 — Lawn 
Hockey, Garden 
Hockey, Parlor 
Hockey. 

Containing the rules 
for each game. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 180— Ring Hockey. 

A new game for the 
gymnasium, invented by 
Dr J. M. Vorhees of 
Pratt Institute, Brook- 
lyn, that has sprung 
iiito- instant popularity; 
as exciting as basket 
ball. This book contains 
official rules. Price 10 
cents. 

HOCKLEY AUXILIARY. 

No. :25<J— Official Handbook 

of the Ontario Hockey 

Association. 

Edited by W. A. Hew- 
itt, of Toronto. Con- 
tains the official rules 
of the Association, con- 
stitution, rules of com- 
petition, list of officers, 
and pictures of leading 
players. Price 10 cents. 





Group VIL 



Basket 
Ball 



No. 7— Spaldingr's Official 
Basket Ball anide. 

Edited by George T. 
Hepbron. Contains the 
revised official rules, de- 
cisions on disputed 
points, records of promi- 
nent teams, reports on 
the game from various 
parts of the country 
and pictures of hundreds 
of players. Price 10 cents. 






No. 193— How to Play Baakei 
Ball. 

By G. T. Hepbron, 
editor of the Official 
Basket Ball Guide. Con- 
tains full instructions 
for players, both for the 
expert and the novice, 
duties of officials, and 
specially posed full-page 
pictures showing the cor- 
rect and incorrect meth- 
ods of playing. The demand for a 
book of this character is fully satis- 
tied in this publication, as many 
points are included which could not 
be incorporated in the annual publi- 
cation of the Basket Ball Guide for 
want of room. Price 10 cents. 

No. 2G0— Official Basket Ball 
Guide for "Women. 

Edited by Miss Senda 
Eerenson, of Smith Col- 
lege. Contains the of- 
ficial playing rules of 
the game and special ar- 
ticles on the following 
subjects: Games for 
women, by E. Hitchcock, 
Director of Physical 
Training, and Dean of 
College, Amherst College; condltloH 
iif women's basket ball in the Mid- 
dle West, by W. P. Bowen, Michigan 
State Normal College; psychological 
effects of basket ball for women, by 
Dr. L. H. Gulick; physiological ef- 
fects of basket ball, by Theodore 
Hough, Ph. D. ; significance of basket 
ball for women, by Senda Berenson; 
relative merit of the Y. M. C. A, 
rules and women's rules, by Augusta 
Lane Patrick: A Plea for Basket 
Ball, by .Tulle Ellsbee Sullivan, 
Teachers' College, New York; dia- 
gram of field. Illustrated with 
many pictures of basket ball teams. 
Price 10 cents. 

BASKET BALL. AUXILIARY. 

No. 278— Collegiate Baaket 
Ball Guide. 

The official publication i 
of the new Collegiate 
Basket Ball Associa- 
tion. Contains the of- 
ficial rules. collegiate 
and high school records, 
Pi\\ America selections, 
reviews of the collegiate 
basket ball season of 
1905-6. and pictures of 
all the prominent college teams and 
individual players. Edited by H. A. 
Fisher, of Columbia. Price 10 cts. 




<^SPALD 



mo ATHLETIC 



LffiRARY/^ 



Group VIII. BowUng 

No. 8— Spaldingr's Official 
BoTFliug^ Guide. 

Edited by S. Karpf, 
Secretary uf the Amer- 
ican Bowling Congress. 
The contents include: 
History of the sport; 
diagrams of effective de- 
liveries; how to bowl; a 
few hints to beginners; 
American Bowling Con- 
gress; the national 
championships; how to build an al- 
ley; how to score; spares^ — how they 
are made. Rules fwr cocked hat, 
cocked hat and feather, quintet, bat- 
tle game, nine up and nine down, 
head pin and four back, ten pins — 
head pin out. five back, the Newport 
game, ten pin head. Price 10 cents. 





Group IX. 



Indoor 
Base Ball 





No. 9— Spalding's Official ] 
door Base Ball Guide. 

America's nat i o n a 1 
game is now vieing with 
other indoor games as a 
winter pastime. This 
book contains the play- 
ing rules, pictures of 
leading teams from all 
parts of the country, 
and interesting articles 
on the game by leading 
authorities on the subject. Price 10 
cents. 



Group X. 



Polo 




No. 10— Spalding's 
Official Roller 
Polo Guide. 

Edited by J. C. Morse. 
A full description of the 
game; official rules, rec 
ords. Price 10 cents. 



No. 139— Wafer Polo. 

The contents of this] 
book treat of every de- 



tail, the individual work I^X TpiPoio 
of the players, the prac- 
tice of the team, how 
to throw the ball, with ^»vv[j^ 
Illustrations and many K^f^TKl*: 
valuable hints. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 199— Elquestrian Polo. 

Compiled by H. L. 
Fitzpatrick of the New 
York Sun. Illustrated 
v;ith portraits of lead- 
ing players and contains 
most useful information 
for polo players. Price 
10 cents. 

_ ^^ Miscellane- 
Group XI. ous Games 

No. 201 — Lacrosse. 

By William C. i 
Schmeisser. c g; p t a i n 
Johns Hopkins Univer- 
sity champion intercol- 
legiate lacrosse team of 
1902; edited by Ronald] 
T. Abercrombie, ex-cap- 
tain and coach of Johns | 
Hopkins University la- 
crosse team. 1900-1904. 
Every position is thoroughly ex- 
plained in a most simple and concise 
manner, rendering it the best manual 
of the game ever published. Illus- 
trated with numerous snapshots of 
important plays. Price 10 cents. 

No. 248 — Archery, 

A new and up-to-date 
book on this fascinating 
pastime. Edited by Mr. 
Louis Maxson of Wash- 
ington, D. 0., ex-Na- 
tional champion. Con- 
tains a history of arch- 
ery from its revival as a 
pastime in the eighteenth 
century to the present 
time, with list of winners and scores 
of the English Grand championships 
from 1844; National Archery Associa- 
tion of the United States winners 
and scores; the several varieties of 
archery; instructions for shooting; 
how to select implements; how to 
score; and a great deal of interest- 
ing information on the game. Illua- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 138— Spalding's Official 
Croquet Guide 

Contains directions for 
playing, diagrams of im- 
portant strokes, descrip- 
tion of grounds, instruc- 
tions for the beginner, 
terms used in the game, 
and the official playing 
rules. Price 10 cents. 





tf=^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY /7^ 





No. 271— Spalding's Official 
RoQue Guide. 

The official publication 
of the National Roque 
Association of America, 
Edited by Prof. Charles 
Jacobus, ex-cham p i o n, 
Contains a description 
of the courts and their 
construction, diagrams 
of the field, illustra- 
tions, rules and valuable 
information. Price 10 cents. 



No. 194 — RacQuets, SauasU- 
Racqiiet.s and Court Ten- 
nis. 

The need of an au- 
thoritative handbook at 
a popular price on these 
games is tilled by this 
book. How to play each 
game is thoroughly ex- 
plained, and all the dif- 
ficult strokes shown by 
special photo graphs 
taken especially for this 
book. Contains the official rules for 
each game, with photographs of 
well-known courts. Price 10 cents. 



No. 13— How to Play Hand 
Ball. 

By the world's cham- 
pion, Michael Egan, of 
Jersey City. This book 
has been rewritten and 
brought up to date in 
every particular. Every 
play is thoroughly ex- 
pJainad by text and 
diagram. The numerous 
illustrations consist of 
full pages made from photographs of 
Champion Egan, showing him in all 
his characteristic attitudes. Price 
10 cents. 



No. 167— Quoits. 

By M. W. Deshong. 
The need of a book on 
this interesting game 
has been felt by many 
who wished to know the 
fine points and tricks 
used by the experts. 
Mr. Deshong explains 
them, with illustrations. 
BO that a novice can 
readily understand. Price 





No. 170— Push Ball. 

IMayed with :ni air- 
inHated ball 6 feet in 
diameter, weighing about 
50 pounds. A side con- 
sists of eleven men. 
This book contains the 
official rules and a 
sketch of the game; il- 
lustrated. Price 10 
cents. 



No. 14— Curling. 






A short history of 
t li i s famous Scottish 
pastime, with instruc- 
tions for play, rules of 
the game, definitions of 
terms and diagrams of 
different shots. I'rice 
10 cents. 



No. 207— Bowling on the 
Green; or. Lawn Bo^vls. 

How to construct a 
green ; necessary equip- 
ment; how to play the 
game, and the official 
rules as promulgated by 
the Scottish Bowling 
Association. Edited by 
James W. Greig. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. ' 



No. 188 — La^rn Games. 



Contains the rules for 
Lawn Hockey, Garden 
Hockey, Hand Tennis, 
Tether Tennis; also Vol- 
ley Ball, Parlor Hockey, 
Badminton, Basket Goal. 
Price 10 cents. 



No. 189— Cliildren's Games. 

Compiled by Jessie H. 
Bancroft, director of 
physical training, depart- 
ment of education, New 
York City. These games 
are intended for use at 
I'ecesses, and all but the 
team games have been 
adapted to large classes. 
Suitable for children 
from three to eight years, 
elude a great variety. Price 10 cts. 





and in- 



■^SPALDING ATHLETIC LmRARY/^ 




Group Xn. Athletics 

No. 12— Spaldingr'ts Official 
Athletic Almanac. 

Compiled by J. E. Sul- 
livan. Chief Department 
Physical Culture, Louis- 
iana Purchase Exposi- 
tion, Director Olympic 
Games, 1904, Special 
Commissioner from the 
United States to the 
Olympic Games at Ath- 
ens, 1906, and President 
of the Amateur Athletic Union. The 
only annual publication now issued 
that contains a complete list of ama- 
teur best-on-records; complete inter- 
collegiate records; complete English 
records from 18G6; swimming rec- 
ords; interscholastie records; Irish, 
Scotch, Continental, South African 
and Australasian records; important 
athletic events and numerous photos 
of individual athletes and leading 
athletic teams. Price 10 cents. 

No. 27— College Athletics. 

M. C. Murphy, the 
well-known athletic 
trainer, now with Penn- 
sylvania, the author of 
this book, has written it 
especially for the school- 
boy and college man. 
but it is invaluable for 
the athlete who wishes 
to excel in any branch 
of athletic sport. The subjects com- 
prise the following articles: Train- 
ing, starting, sprinting; how to train 
for the quarter, half, mile and longer 
distances; walking; high and broad 
.lumping; hurdling; pole vaulting; 
throwing the hammer. It is profuse- 
ly illustrated with pictures of lead- 
ing athletes. Price 10 cents. 

No. 182— All-Aroand Ath- 
letics. 

Gives in full the 
method of scoring the 
All-Around Cham p 1 o n 
ship, giving percentage 
tables showing what 
each man receiv.es for 
each performance in 
each of the ten events. 
It contains as well in- 
structive articles on how 
to train for the All-Around Cham 
pionship. Illustrated with many pic 
tures of champions in action and 
scores at all-around meets. Price 
to cents. 







No. 15<>— Athlete'M Guide. 

I low to become an 
athlete. It contains full 
instnictions for the be- 
ginner, telling how to 
sprint, hurdle, jump and 
throw weights, general 
hints on trainijig; in 
fact, this book is one 
of the most complete on 
the subject that has 
ever appeared. Special chapters con- 
tain valuable advice to beginners and 
important A. A. U. rules and their 
explanations, while the pictures com- 
prise many scenes of champions In 
action. Price 10 cents. 

No. 87— Athletic Primer. 

Edited by James E. 
Sullivan, President of 
the Amateur Athletic 
Union. Tells how to or- 
ganize an athletic club, 
how to conduct an ath- 
letic meeting, and gives 
rules for the govern- 
ment of athletic meet- 
ings; contents also in- 
clude directions for building a track 
and laying out athletic grounds, and 
a very instructive article on train- 
ing; fully illustrated with pictures of 
leading athletes. Price 10 cents. 

No. 273— The Olympic Games 
at Athens, 1906. 

A complete account of 
the Olympic Games of 
1906, at Athens, the 
gieatest Internati o u a 1 
Athletic Contest ever | 
held. Containing a short 
history of the games, 
story of the American 
team's trip and their | 
reception at Athens 
complete list of starters in every 
event; winners, their times and dis- 
tances; the Stadium; list of winners 
in previous Olympic Games at Ath- 
ens, Paris and St. Louis, and a great 
deal of other interesting information. 
Compiled by J. E. Sullivan. Special 
Commissioner from the United States 
to the Olympic Games. Price 10 cts. 

No. 252— How to Sprint. 

A complete and de- 
tailed account of how to 
train for the short dis- 
tances. Every athlete 
who aspires to be a 
sprinter can study this 
book to advantage and 
gain useful knowledge. 
Price 10 cents. 





■^SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY /7^ 




No. 255— How to Run lOO 
Yards. 

By J. W. Morton, the 
noted British champion. 
Written by Mr. Morton 
during his recent Amer- 
ican trip, in 1905, es- 
pecially for boys. Mr. 
Morton knows how to 
handle his subject, and 
his advice and direc- 
tions for atta i n i n g 
speed, will undoubtedly be of im- 
mense assistance to the great ma- 
jority of boys who have to rely on 
printed instructions. Many of Mr. 
Morton's methods of training are 
novel to American athletes, but his 
success is the best tribute to their 
worth. Illustrated with photographs 
of Mr. Morton in action, taken es- 
pecially for this book in New York 
City. Price 10 cents. 

No. 174 — Distance and Cross- 
country Running. 

By George Orton, the 
famous University of 
Pennsylvania runner. 
Tells how to become 
proficient at the quar- 
ter, half, mile, the 
longer distances, and 
c r o s s-country running 
and steeplechasing, with 
instructions for training 
and schedules to be observed when 
preparing for a contest. Illustrated 
with numerous pictures of leading 
athletes in action, with comments by 
the editor on the good and bad 
points shown. Price 10 cents. 

No. 240— Athletic Training 
for Schoolboys. 

This book is the most 
complete work of its 
kind yet attempted. The 
compiler is Geo. W. Or- 
ton, of the University 
of Pennsylvania, a fa- 
mous athlete himself 
and who is well quali- 
fied to give instructions 
CO the beginner. Each 
the intercollegiate pro- 
treated of separately, 
both as regards method of training 
and form. By following the direc- 
tions given, the young athlete wir 
be sure to benefit himself without the 
danger of overworking as many have 
done through ignorance, rendering 
themselves unfitted for their task 
when the day of competition arrived. 
Price 10 cents. 







No. 359— Weight Throwing. 

B.v James S. Mitchel, 
Champion American 
weight thrower, and 
holder of American, 
Irish, British and Cana- 
dian champio n s h i p s. 
Probably no other man 
in the world has had 
the varied and long ex- 
perience of James S. 
Mitchel in the weight throwing de- 
partment of athletics. The book is 
written in an instructive way, and 
gives valuable information not only 
for the novice, but for the expert as 
well. Illustrated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 55— Official Sporting 
Rules. 

Contains rules not 
found in other publica- 
tions for the government 
of many sports; rules 
for wrestling, shuflie- 
board, snowshoeing, pro- 
fessional racing, pigeon 
flying, dog racing, pistol 
and revolver shooting, 
British water polo rules, 
Rugby foot ball rules. Price 10 cts. 

ATHLETIC AUXILIARIES. 

No. 241— Official Handbook 
of the A.A.U. 

The A.A.U. is, the 
governing body of ath- 
letes in the United 
[States of America, and 
all games must be held 
under its rules, which 
are exclusively published 
in this handbook, and a 
copy should be in the 
hands of every athlete 
and every club officer in America. 
This book contains the official rules 
for running, jumping, weight throw- 
ing, hurdling, pole vaulting, swim- 
ming, boxing, wrestling, etc. I'rlce 
10 cents. 

No. 217— Olympic Handboolv. 

Compiled by J. E. Sul- 
livan, Chief Department 
Physical Culture, Louis- 
iana Purchase Exposi- 
tion, and Director Olym- 
pic Games. 1904. Con- 
tains a complete report 
of the Olympic Games 
of 1904, with list of 
records and pictures of 
hundreds of athletes; also reports of 
the games of 1896 and 1900. Price 
10 cents. 





g^\ SPALDING ATHLETIC LffiRARY/7^ 





No. 29S— Official Intercolle- 
Siate A.A.A.A. Handbook. 

Contains constitution, 
by-laws, laws of ath- 
letics and rules to gov- 
ern the awarding of the 
ctumpionship cup of the 
Intercollegiate Athletic 
Association of Amateur 
Afhletes of America, 
the governing body in 
college athletics. Con- 
tains official intercollegiate records 
from 1876 to date, with the winner's 
name and time in each event, list of 
points won by each college, and list 
of oflScers of the association from 
1889. Price 10 cents. 

No. 245— Official Y.M.C.A. 
Handbook. 

Edited by G. T. Hep- 
bron, the well-known 
athletic authority. It 
contains the official rules 
governing all sports un- 
der the jurisdiction of 
the Y.M.C.A., a com- 
plete report of the 
physical directors' con- 
ference, official Y.M.C.A. 
scoring tables, pentathlon rules, many 
pictures of the leading Y.M.C.A. 
athletes of the country; official Y.M. 
C.A. athletic rules, constitution and 
by-laws of the Athletic League of 
Y.M.C.A., all-around indoor test, vol 
ley ball rules; illustrated. Price 10 
cents. 

No. 281— Official Handbook 
of the Public Schools 
Athletic League. 

This is the official 
handbook of the Puftlic 
Schools Athletic League, 
which embraces all the 
public schools of Greater 
New York. It contains 
the official rules that 
govern all the contests 
of the league, and con- 
stitution, by-laws and 
officers. Edited by Dr. Luther Hal- 
sey Gulick, superintendent of phy- 
sical education in the New Y'ork 
public schools. Illustrated. Price 
10 cents. 

No. 274— Intercol- 
legiate Cross 
Country Hand- 
book. 
Contains constitution 
and by-laws, list of of- 
ficers, and records of the 
association. Price 10 
cents. 




Group Xin. Athletic 
Accomplishments 

No. 177— HoTT to STvim. 

By .J. H. Sterrett, a 
leading American swim- 
ming authority. The in- 
structions will interest 
the expert as well as the 
novice; the illustrations 
were made from photo- 
graphs especially posed, 
showing the swimmer in 
clear water; a valuable 
feature is the series of "land drill" 
exercises for the beginner, which i» 
illustrated by many drawings. The 
contents comprise: A plea for educa- 
tion in swimming; swimming as an 
exercise and for development; land 
drill exercises; plain swimming; best 
methods of learning; the breast 
stroke, etc , etc. Price 10 cents. 

No. 2{)(>— Speed S^vimming-. 

Bv Champion C. M. 
Daniels of the New 
York Athletic Club team, 
holder of numerous 
American records, and 
the best swimmer in 
America qualified to 
write on the subject. 
Any boy should be able 
to increase his speed in 
the water after reading Champion 
Daniels' instructions on the subject. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 





§ 




12S— How to Row. 

By E. J. Giannini, of 
the New York A. C, 
(.ne of America's most 
famous amateur oars- 
men and champi o n s. 
This book will instruct 
any one who is a lover 
of rowing how to be- 
come an expert. It is 
fully illustrated, show- 
ing bow to hold the oars, the finish 
nf the stroke and other information 
that will prove valuable to the be- 
ginner. Price 10 cents. 
No. 23— Canoeing. 

Paddling, sailing, 
cruising and racing ca- 
noes and their uses; 
with hints on rig and 
management; the choice 
of a canoe; sailing ca- 
noes; racing regula- 
tions; canoe i n g and 
camping. Fhillj illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 




g=\^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY/^ 





No. 209— How to Become a 
Skater. 

Contains advice for be- 
ginners; how to become 
a figure skater thorough- 
ly explained, with many 
diagrams showing how 
to do all the different 
tricks of the best tigure 
skaters. Illustrated with 
pictures of prominent 
skaters and numerous 
diagrams. Price 10 cents. 

No. 382- Official Roller 
Skating Guide. 

Contains directions for 
becoming proficient as a 
fancy and trick roller 
skater, and rules for 
roller skating. Pictures 
of prominent trick skat- 
ers in action. Price 10 
cents. 

No. ITS—How to Train for 
Bicycling. 

Gives methods of the 
best riders when train- 
ing for long or short 
distance races; hints 
on training. Revised 
and up-to-date in every 
particular. Price 10 
cents. 

Group XIV. SJ^ortl 

No. 140— Wrestling. 

Catch as catch can 
style. By E. H. Hitch- 
cock, M.D., of Cornell, 
and R. F. Nelligan, of 
Amherst College. The 
book contains nearly 
seventy illustrations of 
the different holds, pho- 
tographed especially and 
so described that any- 
body who desires to become 
in wrestling can with little effort 
learn every one. Price 10 cents. 



No. 18— Fencing. 

By Dr. Edward Breck, 
of Boston, editor of the 
Swordsman, and a promi- 
nent amateur fencer. A 
book that has stood the 
test of time, and is uni- 
versally acknowledged to 
be a standard work. II- 
Price 10 cents. 






'Xpert 





No. 162— Boxing Guide. 

For many years books 
have been issued on the 
art of boxing, but it 
has remained for us to 
arrange a book that we 
think is sure to fill all 
demands. It contains 
over 70 pages of illus- 
trations showing all the 
latest blows, posed es- 
pecially for this book under the 
supervision of a well-known instnic- 
tor of boxing, who makes a specialty 
of teaching and knows how to im- 
part his knowledge. Price 10 cents. 

No. 165— The Art of Fencing. 

This is a new book by 
Regis and Louis Senac, 
of New York, famous 
instructors and leading 
authorities on the sub- 
ject. Messrs. Senac give 
in detail how every 
move should be made, 
and tell it so clearly 
that anyone can follow 
the instructions. Pric& 10 cents. 

No. 236— How to Wrestle. 

Without question the 
most complete and up- 
to-date book on wrest- 
ling that has ever been 
printed. Edited by F. 
R. Toombs, and devoted 
principally to special 
poses and illustrations 
by George H a c k e n- 
schmidt, the "Rus.sian 

Lion." Price 10 cents. 

No. 102— Ground Tumbling. 
Bf Prof. Henry Walter 

Worth, who was for 

years physical director 

of the Armour Institute 

of Technology. Any 

boy, by reading this 

book and following the 

instructions, can become 

proficient. Price 10 cents. 

No. 28?> — Tumbling for Ama- 
teur.s. This book was special- 
l.v compiled for the use 
of amateurs by Dr. 
James T. Gwathmey, 
director of the Vander- 
bilt University Gymnas- 
ium. Nashville, Tenn. 
Every variety of the pas- 
time is explained by 
text and pictures, the 

latter forming a very important fea- 
ture of the book, over 100 different 

positions being shown. Price 10 cts. 






'^SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY /y^ 



No. 191— How to Puncli the 

^*^' By W. H. Rothwtll 

( "Young Corbett"). This 
book is undoubtedly the 
.host treatise on bag 
punching that has ever 
been printed. Every va- 
riety of blow used in 
training is shown and 
explained. The pictures 
c o m p rise thirty-three 
reproductions of Young 
Corbett as he appears while at work 
in his training quarters. The photo- 
graphs) were taken by our special ar- 
tist and cannot be seen in any other 
publication. F'ancy bag punching is 
treated by a well-known theatrical 
bag puncher, who shows the latest 
tricks. Price 10 cents. 




full page 



No. 143— Indian 
Dumb-Bells. 

Two of the most pop- 
ular forms of home or 
gymnasium exe r c i s e. 
This book is written by 
A m e r i ca's amateur 
champion club swinger, 
J. H. Dougherty. It is 
clearly illustrated, by 
which any novice can 
become an expert. Price 



Clubs and 




10 cents. 




No. 166— How to Swing In- 
dian Clnbs. 



By Prof. E. B. War- 
man, the well-known ex- 
ponent of physical cul- 
ture. By following the 
directions carefully any- 
one can become an ex- 
pert. Price 10 cents. 



No. 200— Dumb-Bells 

This is undoubtedly 
the best work on dumb- 
bells that has ever been 
offered. The author, 
Mr. G. Bojus. was for- 
merly superintendent of 
physical culture in the 
Elizabeth (N. J.) public 
schools, instructor at 
Columbia University (New 
York), instructor for four years at 
the Columbia summer school and is 
now proprietor of the Park Place 
Gymnasium, at 14 Park Place, New 
York City. The book contains 200 
photographs of all the various exer- 
cises with the instructions in large, 
readable type. It should be in the 
hands of every teacher and pupil of 
jihysical culture, and is invaluable 
for home exercise. Price 10 cents, 






No. 262- Medicine Ball Ex- 
ercises. 

This book is not a 
technical treatise, but a 
series of plain and prac- 
tical exercises with the 
medicine ball, suitable 
for boys and girls, busi- 
ness and professional 
men, in and out of gym- 
nasium. Lengthy ex- 
planation and technical 
nomenclature have been avoided and 
illustrations used instead. The exer- 
cises are fascinating and attractive, 
and avoid any semblance of drud- 
gery. Edited by W. J. Cromie, 
physical director Germantown (Pa.) 
Y.M.C.A. Price 10 cents. 

No. 29— Pulley Weight IGxer- 
cises. 

By Dr. Henry S. An- 
derson, instructor in 
heavy gymnastics Yale 
gymnasium, Ander son 
Normal School, Chautau- 
(pia University. In con- 
junction with a chest 
n.iachine anyone with 
this book can become 
perfectly developed Price 10 cents. 

No. 233— Jiu Jitsu. 

A complete description 
of this famous Japanese 
system of self-defence. 
Each move thoroughly 
explained and illustrat- 
ed with numerous full- 
page pictures of Messrs. 
A. Minami and K. Ko- 
yama, two of the most 
famous exponents of the 
art of Jiu Jitsu, who posed estpe- 
cially for this book. Be sure and 
ask for the Spalding Athletic Library 
l)ook on Jiu Jitsu. Price 10 cents. 



Group XV. 

Gymnastics 

No. 104— The Grading of 
Gymnastic Exercises. 

By G. M. Martin, I 
Physical Director of the 
Y. M. C. A. of Youngs- 
town, Ohio. It is a 
book that should be in 
the hands of every phy- 
sical director of the 1 
Y. M. C. A., school, 
clubb college^ etc. Price 10 cents 





'^SPALDING ATHLETIC UBRARY/^ 





No. 214— Graded Calisthen- 
ics and Dumb-Bell Drills. 

By Albert B. Weg- 
ener, Physical Director 
Y. M. C. A., Rochester, 
N. Y. Ever since graded 
apparatus work has 
been used in gymnas- 
tics, the necessity of 
having a mass drill that 
would harmonize with it 
has been felt. For years 
it has been the established custom in 
most gymnasiums of memorizing a 
set drill, never varied from one 
year's end to the other. Conse- 
quently the beginner was given the 
same kind and amount as the older 
member. With a view to giving uni- 
formity the present treatise is at- 
tempted. Price 10 cents. 



No. S54 — Barnjnni 
Bar Bell Drill. 

Edited by Dr. R. Tait 
McKenzie, Director Phy- 
sical Training, Univer- 
sity of Pennsylvania. 
Profusely illustr a t e d. 
Price 10 cents. 



No. 158— Indoor and Ontdoor 
Gymnastic Games. 

Without question one 
of the best books of its 
kind ever published. 
Compiled by Prof. A. M. 
Chesley, the well-known 
Y. M. C. A. physical di- 
rector. It is a book 
that will prove valuable 
to indoor and outdoor 
gym nasiums. schools, 
outings and gatherings where there 
are a number to be amused. The 
games described comprise a list of 
120, divided into several groups. 
Price 10 cents.. 

No. 124 — Hovr to Become a 
Gymnast. 

By Robert Stoll, of 
the New York A. C, the 
American champion on 
the flying rings from 
1885 to 1892. Any boy 
■who frequents a gym- 
nasium can easily fol- 
low the illustrations and 
Instructions in this book 
and with a little prac- 
tice become proficient on the hori- 
zotttal and parallel bars, the trapeze 
or the "horse." Price 10 cents. 






i\o. 287- Fancy Dnmb Bell 
anfl Marchings Drills. 

By W. J. Cromie, 
Physical Director Ger- 
mantown (Pa.) Y.M. 
C.A. The author says: 
All concede that games 
and recreative exercises 
during the adolescent 
period are preferable to 
set drills and monoton- 
ous movements. If we 
can introduce this game-and-play 
element in our gymnastic exercises, 
then dumb bells will cease to be the 
boy's nightmare, and he will look 
forward with expectancy to mass 
work as much as he formerly did to 
"shooting a goal." These drills, 
while designed primarily for boys, 
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„ ^,„ Physical 
Group XVI. Culture 

No. 161— Ten Minutes' Exer- 
cise for Busy Men. 

By Dr. Luther Halsey 
Oulick, Director of Phy- 
sical Training in the 
New York public schools. 
Anyone who is looking 
for a concise and com- 
plete course of physical 
education at home would 
do well to profure a 
copy of this book. Ten 
minutes' work as directed in exercise 
anyone' can follow. It already has 
had a large sale and has been highly 
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lowed its instructions. Price 10 cts. 

No. 208— Physical Education 
and Hygriene. 

This is the fifth of 
the Physical Training 
series, by Prof. E. B. 
Warman (see Nos. 142, 
149, 166, 185, 213, 261, 
290). A glance at the 
contents will show the 
variety of subjects: Chap- 
ter I — Basic principles; 
longevity. Chapter II — 
Hints on eating; food values; the 
uses of salt. Chapter III — Medicinal 
value of certain foods. Chapter IV — • 
The efl3cacy of sugar; sugar, food 
for muscular work; eating for 
strength and endurance; fish as 
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Chapter V — Digesitibility; bread; ap- 
pendicitis due to flour, etc., etc. 
Price 10 centsu 





c ^ SPALDING ATHLETIC LIBRARY /7 => 






No. 149— The Care of the Body. 

A book that all who 
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W a r m a n, the well- 
known lecturer and au- 
thority on physical cul- 
ture. Price 10 cents. 

No. 142— Physical Training 
Simplified. 

By Prof. E. B. War- 
man, the well-known 
physical culture expert. 
Is a complete, thorough 
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the whole man is con- 
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Price 10 cents. 

No. 185— Health Hints. 

By Prof. E. IB, Warman, 
the well-known lecturer 
and authority on physi- 
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man treats very inter- 
estingly of health in- 
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health influenced by un% 
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No. 213— 285 Health Answers. 

By Prof. B. B. Warman. 

Contents: Necess i t y ^ff 
for exercise in the sum- 
mer; three rules for bi- 
cycling; when going up- 
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mer nights; ventilating 
a bedroom; ventilating a 
house; how to obtain 
1 ure air; bathing; salt 
water baths at home; a 
substitute for ice water; to cure lu 
Bomnia; etc., etc, Price 10 cents. 

No. 238— Muscle Buildingr. 

By Dr. L. H. Gulick, 
Director of Physi c a 1 
Training in the New 
York public schools. A 
complete treatise on the 
correct method of ac- 
quiring strength. Illus- 
trated. Price 10 cents. 

No. 234— School Tactics and 
Maze Runningr. 
A series of drills for 

the use of schools. 

Edited by Dr. Luther 

Halsey Gulick, Director 

of Physical Training in 

the New York public 

schools. Price 10 cents. 








No. 261— Tensingr Exercises. 

By Prof. E. B. War- 
man, and uniform with 
his other publications on 
Scientiflc Physical Train- 
ing (see Spalding's Ath- 
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149. 166, 185, 208, 213, 
290). The "Tensing" or 
"Resisting" system of 
muscular exercises is the 
most thorough, the most complete, 
the most satisfactory, and the most 
fascinating of systems. Price 10 cts. 

No. 2H5— Health; by Muscu- 
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With hints on Right 
Living. By W. J. 
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Y.M.C.A. The author 
says: "Seeing the great 
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sive or too difl5cult to comprehend, 
the author felt it his privilege to 
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No. 288— Indij^estion Treated 
by Gymnastics 

By W. J. Cromie, 
Physical Director Ger- 
mantown (Pa.) Y.M. 
C.A. This book deals 
with the causes, symp- 
toms and treatment of 
constipation and indi- 
gestion. It embraces 
diet, water cure, mental 
culture, massage and 
photographic illustrations of exer- 
cises which tend to cure the above 
diseases. If the hints therein con- 
tained are observed and the exercises 
faithfully performed, most forms of 
the above diseases will be helped. 
Price 10 cents. 

No. 29()— Get IVell; 
Well. 

This is a series of 
chapters by Prof. E. B. 
Warman, the author of 
a number of books in 
t h e Spalding Athletic 
Library on physical train- 
ing. The subjects are all 
written in a clear and 
convincing style. Price 
10 cents. 



Keep 





A. G. SPALDING. 



v 



Spalding's Athletic Library 
Group XII.. No. 87 



An 

Athletic Primer 

How to Organize a Club. ^ How to 

Construct an Athletic Field and 

Track. ^ How to Conduct 

a Meeting. ^ Rules for 

the Government of 

an Athletic 

Meeting. 



EDITED BY 

JAMES E. SULLIVAN 

President Amateur Athletic Union of the United States 



published by the 

American Sports Publishing Company 

21 warren street, new york 



:^\ 



y 



U8RARY of CONGRESS 

Two OODiM ReMlved 

JUN 8 190^ 

OopyruEM Entry 



/J uopyrupu twy 



ISO CA^ A< 



&:^;W 



Copyright, 1907 

BY 

American Sports Publishing Company 
Nbw York 



CONTENTS 

Preface 

Athletics; Athletic Tracks and Athletic Games 

Athletic Clubs and Tracks . 

Specimen Athletic Tracks . 

Field Events ..... 

Small Public Park Gymnasiums and Tracks 

Public Schools Athletic League Tracks . 

How to Conduct an Athletic Meet 

Indoor Games 

Method of Announcing Results at the World's 

St. Louis, 1904 
The Starter . 
"Timing" . 
Notes for the Athlete 
Suggestions for Ofificials 
Organization of a Club 



Fair at 



PAGE 

5 
7 
25 
35 
59 
65 

71 
78 
90 

93 
96 
98 
105 
no 
120 




WILLIAM B. CURTIS 

Born ah Salisbury, Vt., January 13. 1837; perished on Mt. Washington, 

June 30. 1900 

The Father of American Track and Field Athletics 



PREFACE 

It is a remarkable fact that throughout the United States 
there are many officials connected with athletic clubsi,p.nd as- 
sociations encouraging amateur sport who know very little 
about the actual management of an athletic meeting. This ap- 
plies to schools, clubs and colleges in many instances; in fact, 
the writer has repeatedly received from students 'aHd. club men 
communications pertaining to the management of games that 
would easily convince anyone that the athletic rules had never 
been read by them. A careful glance over the pages of this 
Athletic Primer will show just what field it is expected to 
cover. It is primarily a publication issued in the interest of 
the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States, the govern- 
ing athletic organization, and it will be a valuable addition 
to the work, already performed by that organization in en- 
couraging and promoting amateur pastimes throughout the 
United States, The publication of this book is done to en- 
courage all organizations to give their games under recog- 
nized rules and to encourage the formation of athletic clubs and 
other kindred organizations throughout the country. While it 
is intended for novices, it will be a valuable book to be in 
the hands of all college students, schoolboys and members of 
athletic clubs and frequenters of gymnasiums throughout the 
United States. 

To persons contemplating starting an athletic club, or desirous 
of information of any kind relating to the laying out or equip- 
ment of an athletic plant, the author will be very glad to render 
any assistance by addressing him as below : 

J. E. SULLIVAN, 

2 1 Warren Street, 

New York. 




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SPALDING S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



ATHLETICS; ATHLETIC TRACKS AND 
ATHLETIC GAMES 

Athletic history gives to us the date of organized athletics in 
America, but. nevertheless, it is quite true that long before 
athletics, as the term is understood, leceived the attention of 
those who desired to have it organized on a proper basis. 
American gentlemen took part in athletic contests and demon- 
strated their abihty in running, walking and jumping. It is 
•equally true that amateur athletics before the formation of the 
New York Athletic Club had absolutely no standing whatever, 
and all took part in contests for prizes consisting of money or 
whatever they could get. And old-time records prove abso- 
lutely that nearly all old-time competitions were for stakes and 
usually between professionals of national reputation. 

Track and field athletics to-day occupy a very prominent 
position, but there is no boom. Far from it. There is cer- 
tainly great interest in track and field sports, but the history 
of athletics proves conclusively that it has never become a rage. 
It has never developed with a wild rush such as other athletic 
fads. Track and field athletics has had a steady growth. 
Amateur competitive athletics owes its existence and its position 
to those who formed the New York Athletic Club. However, 
this does not mean that the New York Athletic Club is the 
oldest athletic club in America, as many have claimed it to 
be, for the writer thoroughly investigated the status of the 
Olympic Club, of San Francisco, while on the Pacific Coast 
recently, and there is no doubt whatever that the Olympic 
Club is the oldest in the United States. 

One of the founders of the Olympic Club, Mr. Lloyd, was a 
resident, in 1905, of the city of San Francisco. He proves that 
athletics, as the word was then understood, existed in the State 
of Cahfornia, as it existed in other States, without organization, 
and that on May 5, i860, he was one of the few instrumental 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 9 

in forming a strictly amateur athletic club, the Olympic Club, 
which is the present Olympic Club, of San Francisco. This 
club, however, did not back or did not encourage track and 
field athletics, but it did encourage and hold competitions in 
certain forms of athletics — jumping, pole vaulting, high jump- 
ing, shot putting and weight throwing. It went on for years, 
however, with practically no interest in outdoor track and field 
athletics, and while it is certainly the desire of the author to 
give credit to the Olympic Club for its priority as an organiza- 
tion, it is, nevertheless, true that the New York Athletic Club 
must be given credit for having fostered track and field ath- 
letics in America. And those who were responsible for it were 
William B. Curtis, Harry E. Buermeyer and John C. Babcock, 
the really moving spirit in established amateur athletics being the 
late William B. Curtis. These enthusiasts used to meet in the 
back parlor of No. 200 Sixth avenue, New York City, which 
was then a private residence, and although these three ath- 
letically inclined young men were unable to find assistants or 
competitors, they faithfully practiced running, walking and 
other sports among themselves for their health and amusement. 

In the year 1866 amateur athletic sport had already as- 
sumed prominence in Great Britain, for the first Oxford-Cam- 
bridge games were held March 5, 1864, and the first amateur 
championship meeting was held March 3. 1866. And it was 
on June 7, 1866, that William B. Curtis, Harry Buermeyer and 
John C. Babcock decided to take up athletics, establish and 
form in America an American amateur athletic club, with No. 
200 Sixth Avenue, New York City, as its headquarters. Mr. 
Curtis himself states, and so does Mr. Buermeyer, that there 
was no interest taken in their suggestions; no one took kindly 
to them at all, except that they did receive a little encourage- 
ment from the different boat clubs. They had a hard time in- 
teresting the young fellows of that day. 

" Whenever the weather permitted the parlor was abandoned 
and sport pursued in the open air. The first rendezvous was 
on the half-mile track connected with the old 'Red House,' 
Mark Maguire's famous roadside hostelry, at the head of Harlem 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. U 

Lane. Here, after running the half-mile circuit in 2m. 30s., or 
walking it in 5m. — feats then considered worthy of note — the 
fathers of the club, exhausted by such extraordinary efforts, 
would throw themselves on the grass for a half hour's rest, and 
then spend another thirty minutes in conversation with that 
quaint Yorkshireman, James McKay, who had established a 
boat-building shop in the second story of Maguire's stable, and 
was just then hard at work on the first genuine racing shell 
ever built in the United States. 

''In a few months the march of improvement ran a street 
and a row of tenements through the middle of the track, and a 
change was made to the Elysian Fields, Hoboken. There was 
no regular track, but a good quarter-mile circuit could be 
marked out on the level turf of the ball field, and several straight- 
away 100-yard courses on the shore path. Here the regular 
attendants were joined by many members of the Atlantic Boat 
Club, whose boat-house was a quarter of a mile below. 
Many spirited contests took place, and in one ever-memorable 
handicap one of the founders of the club was credited with run- 
nmg 102 yards in 93. — a signal triumph of watch-holding over 
truth. To this comfortable and convenient trystmg-place 
there were two objections; there was no regular track, and the 
Fields being then the people's pleasure ground, much as Coney 
Island is now, the crowds of curious spectators were always an- 
noying and sometimes aggressive. So a removal was made to 
Finley's half-mile track, corner of Seventy-second street and 
the Bloomingdale road. These grounds proved to be eminently 
desirable. The proprietor — a jolly, sport-lovmg old English- 
man — did everything in his power to make his visitors com 
fortable, and no further change was made till the summer of 
187 1, when the club opened its own grounds in iH^arlem. On 
Fmley's pleasant grounds weekly games were held whenever 
weather permitted. The Atlantic Boat Club men rowed across 
from their Hoboken quarters, beached their barges at the foot 
of Seventy-third Street, climbed the steep blufif of what is now 
Riverside Park, and joined in the contests, while the Nassau 
Boat Club party paddled up from their boat-house, foot of 



^- - SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRA^RY. --.-—_ 13 

Thirty-fourth street and North River, and the New York City- 
contingent came up by the Eighth Avenue street cars. 

"During the summer of 1868 forty-three persons were regis- 
tered as having participated in three or more of these reunions, 
and the average weekly attendance was about twenty. These 
results, insignificant as they now appear, gave great satisfac- 
tion, and were thought sufficient to warrant the permanent 
organization and incorporation of an amateur athletic club. 
A meeting was called, notices published in sporting and daily 
journals, and written invitations sent to all who had ever 
attended any of the weekly sports; but, despite this timely 
publicity, only seven persons assembled, and an adjournment 
was promptly made. A second trial, three weeks later, re- 
sulted similarly, and it was not until the third attempt (Sep- 
vcmber 8, 1868), that fourteen faithful ones could be gathered 
together to sign a muster roll, elect officers, appoint committees 
and complete the formal organization of the New York Athletic 
Club. 

"Being now a full-fledged athletic club, it was, of course, 
necessary to give a regular open amateur athletic meeting, and 
the management was entrusted to a games committee. Ath- 
letic games and cinder-paths were then unknown in America, 
and Finley's track, though pleasant enough for practice, was 
out of the way and inaccessible for spectators. Fortunately, 
Mr. Babcock was just then building for the Third Avenue 
Railroad Company the structure known as the American Insti- 
tute Rink, Sixty- third Street and Third Avenue, New York 
City, and it was decided to hold the games in that build- 
ing Wednesday evening, November 11, 1868. Contractor and 
builder were dilatory, as usual; the morning of November 11 
broke cold and stormy; the building was not yet half-roofed, 
and the committee, scouring West and South streets with 
wagons, accumulated a quarter-acre of tarpaulins and made 
a temporary roof, under which the games were successfully 
contested. The central section of the rink had not been floored, 
and an eighth-of-a-mile path was staked out on the smooth clay 
surface. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



15 



"In American amateur athletic circles there was at that 
time only one pair of spiked shoes, and they belonged to W. B, 
"Curtis. A professional sprinter named Davis told Curtis about 
the advantage of wearing spikes in athletic contests, so 'Father 
Bill' decided to have a pair constructed. Thereupon, Davis 
found an Irish shoemaker, who brought over some English 
spikes, and he made the pair of now world-famous shoes for the 
Father of American Athletics. They were clumsy, long-toed, 
and of such general proportions as best fitted their owner's ample 
feet. No one then knew anything about those new-fangled 
weapons, but everybody agreed that if they were in common 
use by English athletes, they must be desirable for Americans. 
So everybody wished for a pair; everybody coveted this pair, 
everybody envied their fortunate possessor, and everybody 
wished to borrow them. Their complaisant owner tried to sat- 
isfy all, and succeeded in distributing these shoes quite widely. 
After he had worn them in the 7 5 -yard and 220-yard runs, 
H. J. Magrane used them in the quarter-mile and half-mile 
runs, H. E. Buermeyer in the shot-putting, and finally, stran- 
gest of all, they carried J. E. Russell to victory in the one-mile 
walk. 

"The contestants at the first New York Athletic Club open 
amateur meeting included all the young men in the neighbor- 
hood of New York City who had ever developed athletic ability 
in any branch of athletic sport. Not only did the programme 
show the names of all the active members of the new club and 
all their acquaintances who were able to exhibit good perform- 
ance at running, walking, leaping, or feats of strength, but a 
■special invitation, or rather challenge, was extended to the 
New York Caledonian Club, then, as now, the most prominent 
of American Caledonian societies, and their most eminent ath- 
letes were present to compete, thus making the affair an inter- 
national match — America against Scotland. The result was, 
as might have been foreseen, America won the running and 
walking contests, while Scotland was successful with the weights 
•and in pole-leaping, standing high-jump and running long-jump — 
the games most common at Caledonian meetings. 





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John Flanagan, ivorliPs record holder at throwing the hanttner^ 
getting a good swing before he starts his throw. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 17 

"The many thousand bicycHsts of to-day will be interested 
in learning that at this meeting was given the first public exhi- 
bition of the newly-invented velocipede, — now known as ' The 
Boneshaker,' — which was the forerunner of the modern bicycle. 

"The leading sporting journal of that day reported the event 
as follows: 

" 'At this juncture the velocipede race, which the programme 
announced as the closing feature of the exercises, took place. 
It proved nothing more — nor was it intended to be more — 
than an exhibition of the speed to be gained by these wonderful 
engines of locomotion. The carriage consists of but two wheels 
placed one before the other, with a treadle apparatus to spin 
them on. Without speaking a word of the velocity with which 
one can cover ground by riding this machine, the wonder is 
how he can maintain a balance on it at all. Yet this seems to 
be no part of the difficulty in navigating; on the contrary, every 
effort of the rider seems bent on driving it at break-neck speed. 
The ease and celerity with which this new method of propul- 
sion was turned around the corners of the building was amus- 
ing, and its performance was in the highest degree satisfactory.' 

"The figures credited to the winner of each event were 
claimed as the first amateur records established in America, and 
became necessarily best on record. They were a fair test of our 
ability in this line, and the remarkable progress in American ama- 
teur athletic sport since then is clearly shown by comparing those 
performances of 1868 with our present records. The compari- 
son, or rather the contrast, is as follows: 

1868 1907 

7 5-yard run then, 9 s now, 7 3-5S. 

220-yard run then, 28s now, 21 1-5S. i 

Quarter-mile run then, im. 20s now, 47s. 

Half-mile run then, 2m. 26s now, im. 53 2-5SJ 

Hurdle race then, 24s now, 15 1-5S. 

One-mile walk then, 7m. 50 i-2s . . now, 6m. 29 3-5SJ 

Standing long jump 

(with weights) then, 11 ft. 6 1-5 in. .now, 12 ft. 9 1-2 inj 

Standing high jump . . .then, 4 ft. 5 in. . . .now, 5 ft. 5 1-4 inj 
Three standing long jumps 

(with weights) then, 33 ft. 8 in. . .now, 35 ft. 9 in. 

Running long jump. . .then, 17 ft now, 24 ft. 7 1-4 inj 

Running high jump. . .then, 5 ft. 2 in. . . .now, 6 ft. 5 5-8 inj 

Pole leaping then, 8 ft. 3 in. . . .now, 12 ft. 4 7-8 inj 

Throwing hammer.. . .then, 73 ft now, 172 ft. 11 in. ^ 

Putting shot then, 35 ft. 5 in. . .now, 49 ft. 6 in.'' 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 1^ 

Poor *'Biir' Curtis is no more, but hi^ sarcophagus at Wood- 
lawn IS a monument to his sterhng work. Mr. Curtis was 
merely twenty years ahead of his time. While it is true we 
have always referred to the games of 1868 as being the first 
athletics that were held under proper auspices, it is a well-estab- 
lished fact that there was held over in the State of New Jersey 
several sets of athletic games sometime in 1863, ^^<^ there can 
be no question whatever but what the games of 1863 are, from 
a record standpoint, the first amateur athletic games held in the 
United States. 

The New York Athletic Club continued its good work of 
building up and popularizing amateur sport. The club estab- 
lished the rules of athletics, laws of competition, inaugurated 
the first American championships which were held in 1876, 
repeated them in 1877 and 1878, and m 1879 relinquished them 
to the then governing body — the National Association of Ama- 
teur Athletes of America. From 1876 to 1882 and 1S83 great in- 
terest was taken m track and field athletics, and at that time 
there must have been m America at least 150 athletic clubs 
that either gave games or entered athletes. And it will inter- 
est athletic followers to know tliat on November 28, 1878 
(Thanksgiving), two sets of athletic games were held in the 
City of New York; one by the Scottish-American Athletic 
Club, on its grounds m West Fifty-fourth Street, now the 
grounds of the New West Side Athletic Club, and the other 
by the Manhattan Athletic Club. One set was held in the 
morning and the other in the afternoon. Over 750 entries 
were received, a phenomenal number for that time. The 75- 
yards run at the Scottish-American games had no less than 
29 heats. The one-mile walk was divided into four heats. 
The writer well remembers the race, for he was a starter in one 
of the -heats. The race was won by Harry Fredericks, after- 
ward American champion runner at one mile. His time was 
7m. 37s. These two remarkable meets did a lot for sport- 
caused more interest to be aroused, and the interest was revived 
for several years. The growth, however, of athletics — track 
and field athletics — was to a certain extent not rapid, in fact, 
it went backward from the early eighties to about the year 1888. 




''Dick 



getting re 



A. C, at Celtic Park, L. /., bala7icing and. 
dy for a good put with the shot. 



SPALDIxNG'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 91 

On January 28, 1888. the Amateur Athletic Union of the- 
United States was organized. Then came the bitter rivalry 
between the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States and 
the National Association of Amateur Athletes of America, both 
striving for supremacy and control of the athletic situation. 
As a result numerous games and the giving of valuable prize*; 
was the order of the day, and there was quite an interest aroused. 
Within a year both organizations agreed that for the better- 
ment of sport a consohdation had better be perfected and the 
National Association became part of the Amateur Athletic 
Union, its clubs becoming members of the Amateur Athletic 
Union of the United States From that day to this the inter- 
est in athletics — track and field athletics — and all outdoor 
sports has been simply phenomenal. The doctors, teachers 
and college presidents, all interested in the future of our race, 
have come to the conclusion that outdoor life is sure to benefit 
mankind, and as a result this entire country of ours to-day is 
athletically alive and great interest is being taken. And it is- 
becoming more so each day. Athletic clubs exist in all popu- 
lous districts, as do scholastic associations, collegiate associations,, 
settlement athletic associations, and church athletic leagues. 
All are either formed or being formed for the furtherance of 
track and field athletics and wholesome sport in general, and. 
it may seem odd, but, nevertheless, I afti convinced that we- 
are still in our infancy. Sport is sure to grow, and there is 
plenty of room for it. In many sections of the country organiz- 
ers are apparently not taking the interest they should in com- 
petitive athletics. 

The condition of sport to-day is certainly encouraging. It- 
has been nothing unusual in the past several years for an ath- 
letic club in an ordinary open meeting to have over 500 entries 
And with the Public Schools Athletic League 1,000 entries for 
a meeting is not a surprising event. In the city of Newark, 
on June 9, 1905, no less than 1639 schoolboys took part in 
one particular meeting, and there has just been brought to a. 
very successful conclusion in the City of New York the World's. 
Track and Field Competitions, given by the Sunday World 




Champion Kraenzlein jumpi 

draivs 



Note ivell how 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIERARY. 23-. 

of New York City. In the preliminary meetings no less than 
20,000 boys took part, and over 2,000 boys took part in the 
final heats. Such a showing, of course, is unheard of in any- 
other part of the world and is easily the record. 

The present condition of sport is du6 to the fact that there 
have existed in America several gentlemen who have devoted 
their entire time, money and thought to advancing athletics. 
and the benefits to be derived therefrom. The work has not 
been hard — it has been pleasant. And the results are being 
shown all over this country of ours. New York and vicinity 
of course, has shown the greatest increase, but the West has. 
come forward rapidly. The scholastic and other important 
meetings of the West create great interest, one particularly 
large athletic meeting having been held in the Cohseum of 
Chicago a year ago. Athletics in the West are still young. 
There will be great development in that territory in the next, 
few years. Unlike the East, where the athletic club and out- 
side athletic interests are prominent, college influence prevails- 
in the West. 1 have always felt that to Mr. A. A. Stagg, of 
Chicago University, a great deal of credit must be given for 
the popularizing and development of college and school ath- 
letics in the West, as we understand the territory, of which 
Chicago is the central point. Mr. Stagg went from the East, 
many years ago to Chicago University, and the records prove 
conclusively that when Stagg took charge they did not have 
much competitive athletics. He started the good work of 
building up amateur athletics, and it is a pity that Mr. 
Stagg has been, owing to his connections, forced to confine 
his efforts to college and scholastic athletics. A man like 
A. A. Stagg, interesting himself in athletic work other than at 
the schools or colleges, could have accomplished a great deal 
more in other quarters. What they have been doing in the- 
past is proven by the class and number of entries that they 
have received for the many games held in the West. 




How to take a high hurdle {showing Champion Kraenzlein, -world's 
record holder for 120-yard hurdles). 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 25 



ATHLETIC CLUBS AND TRACKS 

Athletic clubs should be organized wherever there can be 
found a party of youngsters who are interested in the work. 
In this country we are not as enterprising as they are in Eng- 
land. In England they have all kinds of athletic associations. 
In London they have dozens of them for the mercantile inter- 
ests, as well as for the schools and colleges. Here we have 
many, but we have neglected the mercantile or the factory 
interests, in so far as it pertains to athletic clubs^ and there is 
a very large field for some enterprising athletic manager. 
There should be an athletic track properly equipped in nearly 
every town in the country where there exists a factory or a. 
school or a club, because an athletic track is the first considera- 
tion for track and field athletics; and in this little booklet we 
will give several plans of a track. However, it is not necessary 
that one must have a properly equipped athletic track in order 
to start athletics. An athletic track or path can be made on 
almost any grounds that are level, and the size of the track 
can vary. It can be 12, 10, 8, 6, 4, or 3 laps to a mile, but 
the larger track is not an advantageous size. The smaller the 
track the better for the spectator. The quarter mile, of course 
is the ideal track, and the one that is universally used. 

The writer well remembers a set of athletic games that were 
conducted at the summer school of Lake Champlain, and the 
track that was built there. They had in connection with the 
summer school at Lake Champlain a boys' camp. The boys, 
wanted athletics, so it was decided to mark out a track and 
give a set of games. A level plot was selected. The grounds- 
man with a mower put the grass in good shape, and then a few of 
the boys with tape in hand measured out a lo-lap track. It was. 
marked off with a series of flags and sticks, with a white-wash 
line for the start and finish. The making of the apparatus 
was interesting, a local carpenter furnishing nearly all of the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



27 



material., whereby the high jumping and pole-vaulting apparatus 
and everything necessary was constructed, and a very successful 
meeting resulted. This was the beginning of sport at the 
summer school. Now it is a very important adjunct to the 
school. 

Another illustration of what can be done with grounds that 
are apparently not adaptable for athletic purposes was the 
work of H, W. Kerrigan, who was Director of Sports at the 
Lewis and Clark Centennial, Portland, Ore., 1905. A diagram 
of the track as completed is appended herewith: 




Total Length /of /Track 



'<o/ 




"yi / 




DIAGRAM OF TRACK AT LEWIS AND €LARK CENTENNIAL 
EXPOSITION. PORTLAND, ORE., 1905. 



The Multnomah Club has a perfect track, but it is miles 
.away from where the Exposition was held, so Mr. Kerrigan 
•closed with the ball park for its grounds that adjoined the 
Exposition, and laid out a very good track on the ball field. 
A little grading had to be done, and, when finished, it was 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 29 

one of the fastest clay- tracks of the West. On this loo-yard 
path C. L. Parsons ran loo yards in 9 4-5S. 

I have always contended that there should be in conjunction 
with all baseball grounds, athletic tracks. These tracks could 
l^e used for athletic training. They would be a source of 
income to the managers, and when a ball team is away ath- 
letic games could be held and made a paying investment. 

New York City has had an interesting experience with ath- 
letic tracks. The Pastime Athletic Club, of New York, held its 
^ames, some open and some closed, on a 12-lap track at the 
foot of East Sixty-sixth Street. This small track was considered 
one of the best in the city, and many of America's champion 
athletes trained there. One of the first small tracks that at- 
tracted attention in the City of New York was that of the old 
Manhattan Athletic Club. It had grounds on Fifty-seventh 
and Fifty-eighth Streets and Eighth Avenue, which are to-day 
used by the West Side Branch of the Y. M. C. A. 

The Manhattan Athletic Club, during the first five years of 
its existence, had grounds less than 200 feet wide and less 
than 246 feet long, a plan of which is given in Fig. i, omitting 
the fences. The path was one-eighth of a mile in circuit, rec- 
tangular, with rounded corners, and, to obtain 100 yards straight- 
away, it was found necessary to build a straight path diagonally 
across the field from corner to corner, and even then the finish 
was up a steep bank and against the fence beyond. The grand 
stand was located outside of the track in one of the corners, 
and the dressing-rooms between the east end of the track and 
the fence. 

The building of a track is something that always requires a 
great deal of thought and consideration. No hard and fast 
rule can be made as to the selection of a plot to build tracks, 
but I have always contended that if the ground is high and dry 
a better track can be built for many reasons. There can be 
no question whatever that the athletic track at St. Louis 
when completed was the most perfect athletic plant that 
was ever built. The track was a third of a mile in cir- 
cumference; too large, some thought. That was the only 



START OF 



220 Yards Run 
"220 Yards Hurdles 
" 440 Yards Run 



FINISH OF 



. 220 Yards Run 
220 Yards Hurdles 
100 Yards Run 
120 Yards Hurdles 




120 Yards Hurdles 



START AND 
FINISH OF 



880 Yards Run 

1 Mile Run 
and all Long Dis- 
tance Races 
Cat I.C.A.A.A.A. 
Meetings) 



440 Yards 
Run 




PLAN OF THE TRACK. HARVARD STADIUM 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



31. 



drawback. It was built in a hollow on the slope of a hill, that 
interfered a great deal with its being perfect from a draining- 
standpoint. Its 220 yards straightaway, I contend, was the 
fastest 220 yards straightaway ever built in America. It was. 
built in the regular way, but it was the top dressing that made 
the track perfect. Good clay was plentiful in and about the 
Fair grounds and good cinders were secured. The cinders were- 
sieved to the finest possible point and mixed with 50 per cent, 
loam. As a result a top dressing was put on that packed 




Fig. I. 

readily, and kept together well, and was fast going, as the run- 
ning on that track that year proved. 

An all-cmder track is absolutely worthless. The cinders, 
won't pack, they tear up easily, and it's the hardest kind of 
a track to keep in condition. A track 5° per cent, clay is; 
easy to care for, and does not require much work. To be sure^ 
after a ram-storm it has its disadvantages; but, for all-round 
use, a track made as above is superior to an all-cinder track. 
But if we must choose between an all-cinder track and art 




McCOMB'S DAM PARK. NEW YORK CITY 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 33 

all-clay track, by all means have the clay track, for our 
records prove that an all-clay track is faster, when in con-, 
dition, than an all-cinder track. Nearly all of the fastest 
performances made in the world by sprinters have been made 
on tracks that might be termed clay tracks. 

The advantage of a cinder and clay path is mainly that it is 
not so dusty in dry weather nor muddy in wet weather. 

The track must be light and springy, and should be sprinkled 
every day or two during the dry weather and rolled every day. 
The object sought is to keep the path smooth, firm and springy, 
instead of rough, brittle and heavy, and only experiment can 
determine accurately just what means will effect the desired 
end. 

The sprinkling and rolling should be done at morning or 
evening twilight, and water should not be thrown on the path 
to be quickly evaporated during the heat of the day, thus mak- 
ing surface brittle. In addition to the use of the roller the 
path should be regularly brushed with a coarse, heavy broom, 
either mounted on wheels or dragged along the ground. This 
method can be used in spreading layers during construction, 
and has same effect as a harrow, loosening up the surface and 
preventing it from becoming caked. A coarse mat dragged 
over the surface helps greatly m smoothing it. 

Where the top dressing remains loose and mealy, refusing to 
pack properly after repeated rolling, the admixture of a little 
loam or clay with the cinders will usually remedy the difficulty. 
The most common defects in tracks are lack of sufficient rolling 
and wetting, and use of top dressing of coarse unsifted cinders, 
instead of fine ashes run through the finest obtainable sieve. 

As to the method of laymg a track, no positive rules can be 
laid down. Another way is to dig out the whole ground about 
I foot deep, then throw in 4 inches of small broken stones or 
rough gravel, which will lie loose and allow water to soak through 
easily; over this. 4 inches of clinkers and loam; then a few inches 
of coarse cinders, and finally a top dressing of fine sifted ashes or 
burnt brick-dust or clay. This process is costly, and in most 
cases as useless as expensive. Unless the selected grounds are 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 35 

a swamp, it will be quite sufficient to level that part of the 
ground to be occupied by the path and inner field; then put 
on the path 2 or 3 inches of coarse cinders, and then 3 
inches of fine top dressing, thus raising the path 4 or 5 inches 
above the inner field. This path will drain promptly and be in 
every respect as good as if built over an artificial subcellar. 

After a track has been built it should not be allowed to run 
down, constant attention being necessary to keep it up to a 
high standard of efficiency. It is simply money wasted to build 
athletic tracks at a great expense and then expect them to keep 
in condition without any further attention. A groundsman 
should be employed, whose duty it should be to care for the 
track exclusively. It should be gone over every day and 
scraped and rolled and all the uneven surfaces brought up to a 
level. The best made tracks will develop an unevenness and a 
good way to discover where such depressions exist is to go out 
on the track immediately after a rainstorm and note where the 
puddles occur, throwing into each a small block of wood to 
serve as a marker when the water has disappeared. These 
places should then have particular attention right away. It is 
also a good plan to have several loads of the finest sieved cinders 
constantly on hand, which should be worked in from time to 
time with the top dressing, rolled, scraped and watered. 

And in connection with the question of building tracks, I 
take great pleasure in publishing the directions furnished by Mr. 
F. W. Rubien, civil engineer, of the St. George's Athletic Club. 
New York City. I have worked on many tracks in connection 
with Mr. Rubien, and, he having made the subject a study, 
is considered to-day one of the most expert men in this line in 
America. 

SPECIMEN ATHLETIC TRACKS. 

McCOMB'S DAM PARK TRACK. 

The directions given the contractor for constructing the track 
in McComb's Dam Park, New York City, were as follows: 

The measurement line of the track is 1 8 inches outside of the 
inner curb. The grade of the track must be perfectly level 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. S7 

along this line. On -rtie straight portion on the northerly side 
of the field a slope of 2 inches in 20 feet will be sufficient for 
surface drainage. On the sharp turns at east and west of field 
the track must be banked, sloping gradually to 2 feet higher 
than the level along measurement line. On the 600 feet curve 
along the south of the field the bank should be sloped up 6 
inches from the curb. The inside and outside curbs should be 
1^x6 inches wood, 2 inches of which will show above the 
path and 4 inches underground; 4 feet, 3X4-inch stakes 
driven in the ground about 4 feet apart are required to hold 
the curbs or borders in place. The curbs are bent around the 
curves by sawing slits m their inner edges as frequently as neces- 
sary, thus making line of curve true and not a succession of 
straight edges. The track will be drained by a 4-inch drain 
along the inside of the inner curb, about 2 feet underground. 
Connections with the surface of the track about 100 feet apart 
are necessary. The inner field should be drained with 2-inch 
agricultural tile-drains, crossing field in lines about 30 feet 
apart, to keep inner field dry. 

The method of laying the track should be as follows: 
The present surface of filling should be given a slope toward 
the inner curb and drain of about 3 inches in 20 feet. A layer 
of broken stone, at least 2 inches deep, to be rolled and shaped 
so that it will be 7 inches below final grade of track. Upon 
this a layer of 3 inches of coarse cinders to be carefully spread 
and rolled in thin layers and thoroughly soaked while being 
rolled. 

The final layer or top dressing is to be laid in the same man- 
ner. It is to be 3 inches in thickness, and consists of a mixture 
of loam and cinders in the proportion of half loam and 
half cinders. Both to be thoroughly mixed after sifting in 
most careful manner, using finest sieve. This layer is then 
carefully spread and rolled. 

MANHATTAN FIELD. 

In the spring of 1883, the Manhattan Athletic Club secured 
a lease of the lot bounded by Eighty-sixth and Eighty-seventh 



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NEW WEST SIDE ATHLETIC CLUB, NEW YORK CITY 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 




Fig. 2. 
Streets, Eighth and Ninth Avenues, 200 feet wide by 800 feet 
long, and made of this the best athletic ground in the neigh- 
borhood of New York City. A ground plan of these grounds is 
shown in Fig. 2, omitting the fences and also that portion of 
the field west of the quarter-mile path. The path was a quarter- 
mile in circuit, two straight sides about 150 yards in length, 
connected by curved ends somewhat flatter than semi-circles, 
and about 79 yards in circuit. The north or straight side of 
the path was prolonged to the western fence, making a 220- 
yards straightaway course, in its day considered the fastest 
and best in America. The diagram which is shown in Fig. 
2 sufficiently indicates the general arrangement of the grounds, 
which, although the best near the metropolis at that time, 




AAAA— Grand Stand. BBB— 50 Yard Track. C-Broad and High Jump. D— 
Shot Put. E— Dressing Room. FFF— Stands. G— Exit. 

MOTT HAVEN A. €.. NEW YORK. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 4J 

could have been bettered had the limits of the land allowed. 
The outside width of the grounds, from street to street, was 
201 feet 5 inches, and being a sunken lot, 12 or 15 feet below 
the street level, the sloping banks on either side reduced the 
actual width of the available ground to about 180 feet. 

This track was always referred to as a model athletic 
track, but we have gone rapidly forward in the construction 
of athletic tracks, as one can easily see by looking at the dia- 
grams published in this book. 

Diagram No. 4 (on opposite page) — This is a quarter-mile 
path, with one side prolonged so far as the grounds will allow 
for a straightaway course. The straight sides are no yards in 
length and 6q yards i inch apart, measured from curb to curb. 
The sides are joined at either end by semi-circles having a 
radius of 103 feet 6^ inches from center to curb. 

This form of path is the best possible for foot-racing; 
easy for contestants and not naturally slower than the 
Model A in Fig. 3 — four straight sides joined by curved 
corners. Under no circumstances should the path be less 
than 12 feet wide, and 15 feet or 18 feet should be obtained 
if possible. If it is not practicable to make the whole path 
18 feet or 20 feet wide, that breadth should certainly be 
given to the straightaway — sprint side (from B to A, in Fig. 4). 
The outer edge of the path should be a stout picket fence, not 
less than 4 feet high, continuous around the whole path, except 
where the grand stand serves in its stead. There may be in this 
fence as many gates as convenience requires, but during- ath- 
letic meetings all should be securely locked, save the one at 
the grand stand (W, in Fig. 4). A fence between the track 
and the inner field, found on old-fashioned grounds, is useless. 

The grand stand should be located as shown at D, in Fig. 4, 
on the other side of the track from the finish of all the races. 
If there be not room on the sidfe, on account of the narrowness 
of the "gi'bunds, it can be put in one corner, as at the Manhattan 
Athletic Club grounds (C, Fig 2). The worst place of all is on the 
same side with the finish line, whitrh works very well in horse- 
racing, but is unsatisfactory in athletics, because the occupants 




MARTIN J. SHERIDAN, AMERICAN WINNER AT PUTTING THE 
16-LB. SHOT. 
Copyright Photo by Bowden Bros., London, England. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



43 



of the stands cannot see the contestants well as they near the 
finish line, and, in an interesting race, always jump up, one 
after the other, until everybody is standing and no one except 
those in the front rank can see. The floor of the front row of 
seats on the stand should not be less than six feet above the 
level of the track, so that the view of the spectators can never 
be obstructed by persons standing or walking in front of the 
stands. On the outer edge of the path, in front of the grand 
stand, there should be a single row of seats reserved exclusively 
for contestants, and officials not actively engaged in the contests 
then taking place. 

The space under the grand stand should be used for dressing- 
rooms, bath-rooms, closets, etc. It is better to divide it into 
four or five small rooms than to make one large hall. The 
dressing-rooms should have a plentiful supply of chairs, tables, 
and looking-glasses, and the bath-rooms a liberal array of 
bowls and tubs. Along the side of the hall near the door 
(V, Fig. 4) should be an office with a stand of small lock-boxes, 
on the same plan as those used in public bathing establish- 
ments, in one of which each contestant may deposit his money 
and jewelry and take the key. Outside the room, along the 
side of the hall, should be a rack for the numbers used by the 
contestants, so that as each one goes out to the path he may 
obtain his correct number and pin it on his shirt. 




Fig. 3. 
AN OLD TIME PLAN OF ATHLETIC TRACK INSIDE A CYCLE TRACK. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 45 

In the spaces marked E and F, Fig. 4, club houses can be 
built whenever the state of the treasury warrants such an out- 
lay. The one in the corner, F, can include parlors, reading- 
rooms and billiard-rooms, while the one at E can be used a» 
dressing-room, locker-room and bath-room for the club mem- 
bers, as well as residence for the track-master, if desired. Until 
this house is built one of "the dressing-rooms and bath-rooms 
under the grand stand should be reserved exclusively for club 
members. 

On either side of the path, at places marked H, H, H, H^ 
Fig. 4, rows of free seats can be erected, as many as are found 
to be necessary. 

The position of the baseball diamond, catcher's path and 
back-stop are clearly shown in Fig. 4, I and O. It may be 
shifted a little in either direction, if found desirable. 

N, N, S, and T, Fig. 4, represents the position of the four goal 
posts for football. The best way to arrange them is to sink four 
posts, a foot in diameter and four feet long, two inches below the 
the surface of the field. These posts have in their upper ends 
holes a foot deep, into which the goal posts fit. When not in 
use remove the goal posts, put wooden plugs into the holes 
and cover up the sunken posts, so as to leave the ground unob- 
structed. 

The inner field may also be readily used for lacrosse, whose 
goal flags can be taken up and put down without previous 
preparation. All that portion of the inner field beginning at 
the upper end of the path, and reaching down toward the base 
ball diamond as far as is found necessary, may be marked into 
lawn tennis courts. 

The press stand should be one row of seats raised at least six 
feet above the path, right across the finish line, where the re- 
porters can see everything, ask questions of the officials who 
are congregated at the finish line, and conveniently obtain all 
the information for their business. This stand should be care- 
fully guarded, and admittance refused to all persons save actual 
reporters. If athletic clubs wish their games reported kindly 
and correctly, they need not furnish to reporters what they do 




S. p. GILLIES 
New York A. C, Junior Champion Hammer Thrower. 



Photo by Waldren. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 47 

not want, — namely, free lunch, free cigars, free whiskey and 
free "blarney," — but should provide instead what they need: 
namely, elbow room to work comfortably, freedom from annoy- 
ance from outsiders, positions where they can see all that is tc 
be seen and hear all that is to be heard, and courteous, prompt, 
and satisfactory answers to all questions asked of the officials 
concerning any matters about which they need information. 

The turf path for hurdle racing should be laid out about as 
shown at C, Fig. 4, not less than 16 feet and 140 yards long. 
When not in use the hurdles are kept outside the path, whose 
start and finish are marked only by pegs driven down even 
with the surface of the ground, so that the field is not obstructed 
except when the hurdles are in use. Of course, if the turf be 
not good at the indicated place, the hurdle races may be run 
elsewhere in the field, but the game demands smooth, firm 
turf, and especial care should be taken to provide such a path. 

The American custom is to run and walk with the left side 
toward the curb, and the finish line of all sprint races should 
be as shown at B, Fig. 4, near the end of the final straight line, 
directly in front of the press stand and across the field from 
the grand stand, and the start and finish of all distance races 
should be marked at (S). The most convenient positions for' 
the places arranged for jumping and pole-leaping are shown at 
P, Q, and R, Fig. 4. If the circles for shot, hammer, and 56 
pound weight are located about as shown at J, K, and L, Fig. 4, 
it will be found that their use will not mar the turf of the base 
ball diamond; that the shot and 56 will fall into the same 
alighting-ground, thus lessening the injury to the grass, and 
that the hammer-thrower, let him throw as erratically as he 
may, will be unable to kill a spectator. 

It is, of course, well enough to have the path laid out by a 
surveyor or civil engineer, but where it is essential to save 
expense an intelligent committee can do the work satisfactorily. 
To lay out the path shown in Fig. 4, first mark out by a row of 
small wooden pegs a straight line down the center of the field 
from one end to the other. On this line stick two large pegs, 540 
feet I inch apart, marking the point where it is wished to have 




MADISON SQUARE GARDEN. NEW YORK CITY 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARI. 49 

the extreme points of the end of the path. From these two 
large pegs measure off 105 feet ^ inch toward the center and 
mark the points by stakes. Then, with a wire 105 feet 5 inches 
in length, held at one end against the stakes and having at 
the other a sharp spike, scratch out on the ground the semi- 
circular ends; mark them out by rows of small pegs and con- 
nect their ends by similar rows of pegs, which will be the straight 
sides. Then measure carefully around the course thus marked 
out by pegs, and if it is found a few inches longer or shorter 
than a quarter mile, adjust some of the end pegs so as to make 
it exactly correct. Then mark out the line for the curb, 18 
inches inside this measurement line, all around the field, and 
the track is laid out as well as could be done by any 
engineer. 

The curb should be of 3X9-inch wood, three inches above the 
path and six inches under ground, so as to be firm. This should 
be bent around the curves by sawing slits into its inner edges 
as frequently as necessary, thus making the line of the curb 
true and not a succession of straight edges, as is sometimes 
seen. Holes should be bored through this curb every few 
feet, just at the surface of the path, so as to allow the water to 
run through into the inner field, and there should be, just inside 
of the curb, an open ditch or covered drain to receive the water. 
The track should have a slope from outside to inside, just 
enough so that the water will run off freely into the inner field. 
The lowest part of the path should not be less than three inches 
above the level of the inner field, so that in wet weather the 
path will drain freely and promptly. 

On the ends the path should be sloped up from the curb, so 
as to permit draining. On a quarter-mile path, such as is 
shown in Fig. 4, the slope at the curves should be about one- 
quarter inch to the foot; so, if the path is fifteen feet wide, the 
outer edge will be about 4 inches higher than the inner. Where 
the path is less than a quarter mile in circuit, or is made with 
• four straight sides and tour rounded corners, or on an eighth- 
•of-a-mile track, it is only necessary to allow a couple of inche? 
for drainage. 




DAN J. KELLY, 

Multnomah A.A.C. and University of Oregon. The world's greatest sprinter. 

Holder of the world's records of 9 3-5s. for 100 yards, and 

21 l-5s. for 220 yards. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 51 

HOW TO LAY OUT THE TRACK. 
Get the center of the track; from there measure to the start 
on each end of the plan 60 feet 11^ inches, which will give you 
the full lengths of the straights, 121 feet 10^ inches. To get 
the width, on each side of center measure 43 feet 9 inches; that 
will give you 87 feet 6 mches. To get the half circle exact on 
each end, put a brad awl or some pointed tool through the 
loop on end of tape measure, then run tape out to 43 feet q 
inches, and with a piece of chalk mark out a line which will 
connect with the two straights on both ends of track. After 
the track is marked out with chalk, a wood curbing can be put 
down, or a wide, whitewash mark. The wood curbing is prefer- 
able, as it prevents any cutting of the corners by competitors. 
By using one-inch square pine-strips and making them two or 
three inches high, putting one down at a time and nailing the 
others on, a quick, good, and inexpensive job can be done. 
To have the individual lanes as used in the Amateur Athletic 
Union indoor championships, make your half-circle on thes 
end, as before, and add 4 feet 6 inches to each lane on your 
tape; that will give the same width lane to each competitor. 
Put a good, plain whitewash mark on the three extra lanes, 
and in the fiat races, instead of using strings to rope in each 
lane, a few small flags around the turns will answer the pur- 
pose, and they can be put down and taken up much more 
quickly than the strings. In the two straightaways it is better 
to run the strings ; that can be done easily by using small screw 
eyes at the ends to fasten the cords to, and three 15-inch upright 
pointed wire rods will be found sufficient to raise each of the 
three lines. To get the exact scratch starting mark of each 
lane, allow 28 feet 3^ inches to second, 56 feet 6^ inches to 
third, and 84 feet 10 inches to fourth lane from the actual in- 
side or curb mark. That makes each lane measured 18 inches 
from the curb exactly the same — 528 feet to the lap, the track 
measuring 10 laps to a mile. In the 220-yard hurdle event 
the Madison Square Garden track plan shows very plainly the 
position of the hurdles for start of event. After the start the fol- 
lowing nine changes have to be made quickly during the run- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 53 

ning of race Put in gth and take out ist and 2d hurdle on 
lane one. Take out ist hurdle in lanes two and three. Put 
in the 10th hurdle in each lane; that will give you the ten flights 
distance between each being 60 feet. 

RUNNING TRACK AT JAMESTOWN. 

The accompanying plan shows a track of 4 laps to one mile. 
The straight portion allows of a 220-yard run, and is 25 feet 
wide; the remaining portion is 20 feet wide. The line of meas- 
urement is taken 18 inches outside of inner curb. 

The grade of the track should be perfectly level along this line. 
On the straight portion a slope toward the drain of i inch in 
20 feet will be the desired grade for drainage. On the curves 
the outside edge should be banked to a height of about 4 or 5 
Inches and gradually slope to the straight portion. 

The infield should slope toward the track and have a fall of 
5 inches per 100 feet. To drain the track and field dig a trench 
along the inner edge of the inner curb about 18 inches deep, 
and lay in it a 4-inch farm drain, and build brick catch-basins 
about 250 feet apart to take the surface water during and after 
a rain. Fill this trench with broken or field stone, and cover 
with sods face downward, or straw, to prevent small stones from 
choking the drain. Cover these sods with earth to level of 
field. To construct the track after field is graded dig a trench 
10 inches deep and 20 or 25 feet wide, as plans may call for. 
Carefully roll this surface and have curves banked properly. 
The surface of this trench to slope i inch in 20 feet toward the 
drains excepting at the curves, where slope will be gradual up 
to 18 inches and return to i inch for the other straightaway. 
After curbs are laid and inner curb is made perfectly level and 
top is 2 inches higher than level of finished track, lay a bed of 
5 inches of coarse, clean, steam-boiler cinders, and carefully roll 
with heavy 2-horse roller. When evenly rolled lay a i-inch 
bed of clear clay free from stones larger than ^ inch in diameter. 
Roll as before. In laying final layer of 4 inches of top dressing. 
great care must be taken to obtain the powdered screenings of 
steam-boiler ashes, free from stones, slate, clinker or unburnt 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 65 

coal, to be mixed m the proportion of one-half of ashes or cin- 
ders to one-half parts of clay, all to be screened through ^-inch 
mesh screen. Spread carefully and roll until smooth and of 
proper hardness. Water connections should be made for the 
track, as sprinkhng is much needed in laying the track and 
keeping it in good order. The running portion of jumps are 
prepared in the same way as the track. The pits are dug to 
a depth of i foot, and filled with fine clean sand mixed with 
clean earth which will not pack easily. 

SIXTY-NINTH REGIMENT ARMORY, 
NEW YORK CITY. 

The drill hall in this armory is almost square, and meas- 
ures 182 feet 10 inches by 202 feet. This space cannot be 
given up entirely for the purposes of a running track, as a glass 
guncase 2 feet wide runs the entire length of the westerly side, 
and four stairways to the gallery are in the corners. Boxes 
are to be placed along the Twenty-fifth and Twenty-sixth 
Street sides, further reducing the available space. A well- 
shaped track of 10 laps to the mile will allow of 20 feet between 
the curb and the glass guncases, and average about 16 J feet 
between the curb and the boxes. 

A straight dash of 65 yards is provided, allowing 10 yards 
for a break at the finish. The lanes are 3^ feet wide. The 
drill floor is of hardwood; and the center of curves, tangent 
points, starts and finishes, as well as the lanes for the dash, are 
indicated by the heads of brass screws countersunk in the floor. 
This will permit of the track and lanes being readily marked 
out with white chalk and the floor cleaned after the games. 
Most armories have the inner curb of the track painted on the 
floor with a white band 2 inches wide. Spiked shoes have 
damaged the armory floors to such an extent that many are 
having softwood flooring made in sections, to be used to lay 
over the regular floor, and to be taken up and stored away 
when not in use. This flooring is made for spiked shoe running,, 
and gives excellent results. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



57 



A method of placing curbing on board floors is to have a 
number of detachable curved strips fastened to the floor and 
used on the curves only. This strip is about ih inches high, 
and prevents an athlete from cutting corners in a race. At 
some indoor meets, where a sufficient number of inspectors are 




SIXTY-NINTH REGIMENT ARMORY, BOARD FLOOR TRACK. 



not on duty, very foul running is caused by the runners trying 
to pass each other on the inside of the curb line. The raised 
curb has a tendency to produce fairer running. Where a 
raised curb is missing, ropes supported on posts ought to mark 
the inner curb. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 59 

FIELD EVENTS. 

HURDLE RACES. 

The championship race — the one most commonly found at 
:first-class meetings — is 120 yards straightaway, over 10 hurdles, 
-each 3 feet 6 inches high. The first hurdle is 15 yards from 
the starting line, each hurdle being 10 yards from its neighbor, 
and the tenth hurdle is 15 yards from the finish line. The 
next race in popularity is 220 yards, over 10 hurdles, each 
2 feet 6 inches high, the first hurdle being 20 yards from the 
starting line, with a space of 20 yards between the hurdles, 
.and 20 yards between the last hurdle and the finish Ime. 




Foster Safety Hurdle at the World's Fair, St. Louis. 

The Foster Patent Safety Hurdle is now universally used. 
This is a combination hurdle, strong and serviceable, is ad- 
mitted to be the best hurdle for practice purposes, and is easily 
adjustable to 2 feet 6 inches or 3 feet 6 inches, taking away 
all the unnecessary delay that one encounters when the old- 
style hurdle is used. Now and then one sees the old and cum- 
bersome style, but it is not popular. 

PUTTING THE SHOT. 

The shot is put from a 7 -foot circle, the same as those used 
for the hammer and 56-pound weight, but 2 feet of the cir- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 



61 




f 



P 



cumference of this circle, across its front, must be a toe-board 
4 inches in height. This board is shown in Fig. 8. It is a 

piece of wood (A) 4 inches in 
height, 2 feet long and about 
4 inches thick, hollowed out 
so as to fit the circumference 
of the circle. Through this 
plank (A) pass rods of half- 
inch iron, B, B, sharpened 
at the bottom end. When 
needed for use these pins are 
driven into the ground until 
the inside face of the plank 
is just even with the circum- 
ference of the circle, making 
a firm obstacle, against which 
the putter can kick his forward 
toe when he delivers the shot. When not in use this toe- 
board can be pulled up, and thus the same 7-foot circle 
can be used for all four games, the shot, discus, hammer, and 
56-pound weight, if necessary. 

RUNNING LONG JUMP. 

For this event a place should be prepared, as shown in Fig. 
6. A is a smooth cinder or turf path, about 120 feet long, 
leading up to the take-off, B, which must be a joist 5 inches 



Fig. 8. 




Fig. 6. 

wide, let in even with the surface of the ground and firmly- 
fastened m its place, so that the athlete may jump from the 
ball of his foot placed on this joist. The ground, C, m front 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



of this joist, toward where the jumper aHghts, must be dug- 
away not less than three inches deep and six inches in width. 
From about i6 to 25 feet from the take-off Hne the ground 
should be dug up at least a foot deep all stones removed and 
lumps broken up, so that the jumper may alight fearlessly 
and clear as much ground as possible with no danger of hurt- 
ing himself in alighting. This trench of soft earth should be 
about 5 feet wide, and on each side of it should be laid an inch- 
plank (D, D, Fig. 6), standing on edge, even with the surface 
of the field and the upper edge marked off into feet and inches^ 
from the starting line. Then, after each jump, by laying a six- 
foot lath or rod (E, Fig. 6) directly across the trench, exactly 




VAULTING STANDARD. 
AND 
POLES. 




Fig. 10. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 63 

where the jumper alighted, the distance can be read on the 
side planks, and thus save the time and trouble of measuring 
each jump with a tape line. 

RUNNING HIGH JUMP AND POLE-VAULT. 

For this event there should be a run-up. the same as for the 
running long jump, but no starting joist, and the trench of 
soft earth commences immediately at the starting line, where 
the poles are placed. It should be 8 feet wide and lo feet 
long, so that the various styles of jumpers may have plenty ot 
space to alight in it safely. 

The apparatus used for high jumping and pole-vaulting is 
shown in Illustration No. lo. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LiBKARY. 



66 



SMALL PUBLIC PARK GYMNASIUMS 
AND TRACKS 

The need of public playgrounds in the most densely populated 
districts in New York City was agitated for many years, finally 
resulting in the demolition of a few blocks of tenements in 
different parts of the city, and converting them into play- 
grounds containing running tracks, outdoor gymnasiums, chil- 
dren's playgrounds, and, in some of the parks, public baths and 
swimming pools. One of these blocks taken had been known 
for many years as "lung block," on account of its record for the 
number of deaths from tuberculosis. These parks have caused 
a remarkable improvement in property fronting on them, old 




ST. GABRIEL'S PARK, NEW YORK CITY. 

buildings being removed and substantial schools, institutions, 
and other new buildings replacing them. These parks are the 
Wm. H. Seward Park, having a playground area of 17,450 
square feet, a gymnasium area of 19,060 square feet, a running 
track area of 7,390 square feet, the track being about S^ laps 
to a mile; the infield, 100x250 feet. The straight portion is 
150 feet, and the two curves being half circles with a radius of 
50 feet. 

St. Gabriel's Park has a playground area of 14,310 square 
feet, a gymnasium area of 15,210 square feet, a running track 



LL 



3AV Bill 







SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



67 



area of 6,688 square feet and of lo laps to a mile. The infield 
is 220 X 80 feet, two curves of a radius of 40 feet and straight 
portion of 140 feet. 

De Witt Clinton Park has two playgrounds, each having an 
area of 50,340 square feet. The gymnasium area is 19,057 
square feet, and the running track area of 7,392 square feet is 







n n n n 



B 
Q 

□ 


Q B B B 


B 
B 
B 
B 


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r-1 


0/ 

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B 
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B 

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HAMILTON FISH PARK, NEW YORK CITY. 

a 9 -lap track with an infield of 90 x 245 feet, straight portion 
155 feet, and two half circles with a radius of 45 feet. 

The Thomas Jefferson Park is the largest of these parks, and 
has two playgrounds, each having an area of 89,694 square 
feet. The two gymnasiums each have an area of 74,626 square 
feet, and the two 6^ laps to the mile running tracks each have 
an area of 17,430 square feet. In this park the boys and girls 
each have their own track, gymnasium and playgrounds. The 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



infields of the tracks are i6o X310 feet. The straights are 150 
feet, and the two half circles have a radius of 80 feet. Hamil- 
ton Fish Park has a track 8J laps to the mile, the infield being 
120x200 feet, with four quadrants having a radius of 45 feet 
and straights of no feet. 

Tompkins Square Park has a plant similar to the others, the 
track being small, of about 10 laps to a mile. In constructing 



JJ 



Hz 




W. H. SEWARD PARK. NEW YORK CITY. 

these playgrounds the general excavations are made to a depth 
of 13 inches below the finished grade. The ground is then 
properly rolled. Trenches are cut to a depth of 12 mches 
below this grade, say i foot wide, and 3 -inch porous tile pipe 
are laid in such a manner as to properly drain the ground. 
These tiles are then covered with broken stone to the finished 
subgrade of the ground m general. An 8-inch foundation of 
rubblestone is put in place, and the top surface of same is 



70 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

rough broken with hammers. After this foundation has been 
properly prepared, a 2 -inch layer of broken stone (approxi- 
mately I inch) is spread over it and rolled. A thin coating of 
clay and about 3 inches of gravel is then spread over the entire 
area, raked in, watered, and rolled unti!* the surface forms a. 
practically smooth finish. The gravel used is what is known 
as park standard, fine bridle-road gravel. 

The gymnasium ground inside of the running track is con- 
structed in a similar manner. 

In constructing the running track the ground is regulated to 
a depth of 8 inches below finished grade and thoroughly rolled. 
A layer of 4 inches of clean, sharp sand is spread, and on the 
top of this the finishing surface, 4 inches of clean, steam cinders, 
is spread and rolled to its finished grade. The outlines or 
curbs of the track are defined by bluestone edging 2 J inches. 

Around the outer edge of the tracks are high iron fences, to 
keep the crowds off the track and gymnasium. 

These tracks are well adapted to running with heeled shoes,, 
the top dressing being too coarse for spiked shoe running. 
Crowds of boys use these tracks, and there is very little oppor- 
tunity for the men to use them. 

The gymnasiums have galvanized frames about 60 x 40 feet 
and 16 feet high, to which are attached four inclined ladders of 
Georgia pine, eight sliding poles, two climbing poles, two climb- 
ing ropes, twelve pairs of traveling rings, four pairs of flying 
rings, four pairs of chest poles, four horizontal ladders, and six 
vertical ladders, two approach boards, four horizontal bars, 
two vaulting horses, two vaulting bucks, two parallel bars, twa 
pairs of jump standards, two tether ladders, four pairs outdoor 
basket ball goals, and six vaulting poles. 

The girls' gymnasiums have a similar galvanized iron frame 
60 x 40 x 16 feet high, to which are attached six flying rings, a 
giant stride with attachments for eight ropes, and two balance 
swings. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



71 



PUBLIC SCHOOLS ATHLETIC LEAGUE 
TRACKS 

SMALL CIRCULAR TRACKS. 
The diagram, showing a circular track on a plot 200 by 
200 feet, or equivalent to 16 lots of 25 by 100 feet, was pre- 
pared to show what could be done in the way of providing a 
200' ■ 




SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRART. 



73 



track in a small space adjoining a public school in New York 
City. The general run of blocks is 200 feet in width, and a 
lo-lap circular track, 15 feet in width, having a straightaway 
of 75 yards diagonally across the field, can be readily laid on 
such a field. The infield can be used for basket ball or tennis, 
beside the usual field events, such as high and broad jumping, 
pole-vaulting, and weight throwing. 




Plan of Public School Athletic Field, Staten Island, showing one-fifth 

of a mile running track, basket ball and tennis courts, foot ball and 

base ball fields. 

CURTIS HIGH SCHOOL ATHLETIC FIELD. 

This school occupies a commanding view overlooking New 
York Bay, at Saint George, Staten Island. An additional strip 
of land was purchased, and provision for new school buildings 
prevented the track occupying land within 100 feet of the 
school. The greater part of the field is on a plam that slopes 
abruptly toward St. Marks Place. On the sloping part of the 
field a grand stand seating 1,000 is provided, and three terraced 



— I 



n 




SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 75 

basket-ball or tennis couits are arranged so as not to interfere 
with several very old and very large trees. 

The track measures 5 laps to a mile, is 15 feet wide and 18 
feet wide on the 120-yard dash, and on the curve and straight 
along the westerly side, making a 220-yard dash 18 feet wide 
with one-quarter turn. The shape of the field being almost 
square, the track has the appearance of being a square, with 
the four corners curved by quarter circles having an 80-foot 
radius. The sides are 166 feet 8 inches long, and the lengths 
along the width no feet. The curves are not very sharp, and, 
being quarter circles, the straights between curves are con- 
venient places for runners to pass each other instead of passing 
on a curve, as on an oval track, or waiting until the long straights 
are reached. The usual jumping and weight throwing pro- 
visions are made, and the infield makes a splendid base ball, 
foot ball, and lacrosse field. 

This seems to be the ideal place for an athletic field, and it 
would be well, in planning the high schools of the future, to 
provide for athletic fields m the school yards. 

The plans for grading provide for a track elevation of 126 
feet above high water. This causes the least amount of grad- 
ing on two-tnirds of the field, and is the elevation of the base 
of the school building. The field will slope toward the track 
with a fall of about 5 inches in 100 feet. For a distance of 
100 feet along the northerly or St. Marks Place side of the 
field, a fill running from nothing to 9 feet is necessary, on 
account of the decided slope the field takes. This is unfortu- 
nate, as the 120-yard dash will be on an embankment, which 
will be terraced. 



P. S. A. L. TRACK AT FLATBUSH. 

Through the efforts of the Public Schools Athletic League, 
the city of New York purchased land for athletic fields, upon 
which are being built running tracks fully equipped for all 
field events, tennis, or basket-ball courts, and the infield large 
enough to allow of baseball and foot ball contests. 



76 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

The largest of these fields is at Flatbush, Brooklyn, between 
Avenues K and L, and between East Sixteenth and East Sev- 
enteenth streets. 

The block is 200 by 800 feet long, and, through the closing 
of East Sixteenth Street, an additional strip of 60 feet was 
added, making the field 260 by 800 feet. This plot adjoins 
the Brighton Beach and Manhattan Beach railroads, and is 
also accessible by trolley-cars. It is intended to make this the 
principal field for all contests, and the quarter-mile oval track 
upon it is 20 feet wide and has a 220-yard straightaway. The 
track has two tangents 319.39 feet long and two principal 
curves of a radius of 92.48 feet, connected with the tangents 
by four small arcs each 32.55 feet long, of a radius of 400 feet. 
This prevents the curves from being as sharp as they would 
be if tangents and semicircles only were used. Nine catch 
basins and drains are depended upon for surface and subsur- 
face drainage. The infield will have two baseball diamonds, 
and in the foot ball season a regulation foot-ball field, either 
for Intercollegiate or Rugby foot ball. It is also large enough 
for a regulation lacrosse field. In addition to the usual runs 
and pits for high and broad jumping, pole-vaulting, shot-putting, 
and hammer throwing, four clay basket-ball and tennis courts 
are provided. An additional space for four more courts along 
Avenue K will not be used for the present, as upon it are twenty- 
two fine chestnut and shade trees. The field will be surrounded 
by a wire-mesh fence, which will permit of the games being 
viewed from three surrounding streets. Between the 220-yard 
dash and the railroad property a grand stand capable of holding 
2,500 people will be erected. Underneath the stand will be 
shower-baths and locker-rooms. The natural condition of this 
plot was that of a heavily wooded, slightly-sloping field, requir- 
ing a wedge-shape cut of 2 feet at the Avenue K end of field 
sloping to nothing at the center, and a corresponding fill toward 
Avenue L. After grading, a trench 12 inches deep was dug 
upon the lines of the track. A 4-inch layer of small, broken 
stone was laid in the bottom of the trench, and upon it a 4-inch 
layer of coarse cinders. The top layer is 4 inches of clay and 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



77 



finely screened cinders. The field slopes toward the track 
and has a fall of 5 inches per 100 feet. 

P. S. A. L. TRACK. LONG ISLAND CITY. 

The field at Astoria, Long Island City, is at Hell Gate, East 
River, and adjoins the rocky ledge in the river which was tun- 
neled and blown up in 1885. The field itself was a low. rocky 
and marshy plot not much higher than the high-water mark, 
and has had considerable filling upon it from the tunnel exca- 
vation. It is at a bend m the East River and is a magnificent 



HAuen's p> 




PUBLIC SCHOOL ATHLETIC FIELD, LONG ISLAND CITY. 
site, although only large enough for a six-lap practice track 
15 feet wide, and 20 feet wide on the straightaway of 150 yards. 
The field was filled in to 5 feet above high water, and, beside 
the usual runs and pits for jumps, will have two tennis or 
basket-ball courts. A wire-mesh fence surrounds the field, and 
seating accommodations for 800 are provided. The track is 
kite-shaped, with short straights and curves that are almost 
quarter circles of a radius of 70 feet. 

The infield is small for foot ball, but base ball games for 
smaller boys can be played upon it. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



HOW TO CONDUCT AN ATHLETIC MEET 

The object in publishing this book is to educate those who 
are not famiHar with the management of athletic games or 
the organization of athletic clubs. Elsewhere will be found a 
form of constitution and a few points upon just how it will be 
necessary to proceed in order to interest those in your locality 
who might become interested in an athletic club. It is not 
necessary that all the members of your club be athletically 
inclined. It would be to the organizer's advantage to get the 
co-operation of the leading citizens and business men of your 
county, as they, to a certain extent, would add materially to 
the standing of an athletic club, no matter where situated. 
There is no reason why athletic games should not be held in 
your county on certain days, and also at every gathering of 
importance, such as picnics, county fairs, etc. ; and, of course, 
an athletic track is the first requisite. 

After the date has been decided upon and the grounds ar- 
ranged for, comes the preliminary work in relation to adver- 
tising and procuring your entries. For this purpose there 
must be a Games Committee, one of whose members usually 
acts as Secretary. This committee must arrange a list of 
contests, choosing such events as are suitable to their grounds 
and as their knowledge of the local athletes leads them to 
think will attract numerous entries. The committee also de- 
cides upon the number and value of prizes, the amount of 
entrance fee, the date of closing the entries, the day and 
hour for beginning the games, and all preliminary arrange- 
ments. The committee should have printed and distributed 
a sufficient quantity of circulars, containing all information 
needed by athletes intending to compete. Entrance fees 
are usually fixed at 50 cents for each man for each event. 
The time for closing the entries should be fixed from seven 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 79 

to ten days before the day of the games, so that the Sec- 
retary may have time to notify each athlete of the acceptance 
of his entry and send him his competitor's card of admission to 
the grounds. This seven or ten days is also necessary to enable 
the handicapper to do his work, and then to have the programme 
printed. 

The list of events will all depend upon the number of ath- 
letes you have and the number of athletes expected. As 
your games will naturally be given under the rules of the 
A. A. U., all competitors must be registered amateurs. It will 
be necessary to have the entry blank as adopted by the Regis- 
tration Committee (see following page) on the back of all cir- 
culars and announcements. These circulars, which are gen- 
erally 8^X11 inches in size, should be sent to all clubs, factories, 
schools, colleges, Y. M. C. A.'s, etc., in your county, with the 
object of creating an interest in the affair. 

On other pages will be found illustrations of all apparatus 
necessary to use in conducting an athletic meeting. They can be 
secured from A. G. Spalding & Bros., New York and Chicago. 

There should be an ordinary amount of advertising done, 
and circulars should be distributed announcing the features. 
Posters should be displayed, and if it is possible to get enough 
money subscribed from public-spirited citizens in your county 
to pay the expense of the meeting, which need not necessarily 
be very much, invitations should be sent broadcast, the idea 
being to popularize the sport. The first meeting should neces- 
sarily be an invitation affair, so as to let the public see just 
what an athletic meeting is like, when properly conducted. 

After the entries are received from the prominent athletes 
the programme should be made up with the names of each 
contestant properly printed, with the school, college, or club 
he represents mentioned; also his registration number, competi- 
tor's number and handicap, providing it is a handicap event. 
The competitor's number is the number worn by each contest- 
ant. This can be of paper and must be worn conspicuously 
and correspond with his competitor's number mentioned in the 
programme. 



Application for Registration in tne Association of the Afflatenr 

Athletic union of the united states. 

Eegistration Committee of the Association of the 

Amateur Athletic Union: 

Gentlemen: — Enclosed please find Twenty-five Cents in payment of the 

Registration Fee in accoidauce with the Laws of the 

Association. 

In making this application I certify that I am an amateur and eligible to 
compete under the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union; that I have never 
competed for money, taught or assisted in teaching athletics, gymnastics or 
any other form of athletics for money. I have never played on a team in 
any sport with a professional as a member of such team. I have never 
competed under an . assumed name. I have never represented a club of 
which I was not a member. And, furthermore, I certify that I have read the 
conditions of competition of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States, 
and I am, therefore, eligible to receive a card entitling me to compete as an 
amateur. 

THE APPLICANT MUST ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS: 

Of what Club are you a member? 

Have you ever played Basket Ball ? 

If so, on what teams? 

What kind of a Basket Ball team or teams did you play with ? 

(disqualified, registered, unregistered or professional) 

Scholastic, Collegiate, etc. ? 

While playing on this team or teams, did you ever play with or against a 
disqualified amateur or a professional player? 

Have you played Foot Ball, and if so, with what teams? 

Did you play with or against professional Foot Ball players or disqualified 
athletes? 

Have you ever played Base Ball on any team or teams? 

If so, name the team or teams? 

Were the players on these teams professional or disqualified athletes? 

Did you play on enclosed grounds where gate money was charged? 

Did you ever play on a team which was a member of any League? 

If so, state the name of the League? 

Have you ever Boxed. Wrestled or Fenced ? 

If so, state the number of times, where and with whom? 

Have you ever taken part in any other sports under a name other than 
your own ? 

Have you ever taken part in Ice Skating matches. Hockey matches. Roller 
Skating races, or in any other games on roller skates or ice skates?.... 

If so, state when and where and in what kind of games? 

Have you ever taken part in Swimming races ? 

If so, when and where ? 

Have you ever received, directly or indirectly, payment for services rendered 
in any capacity in connection with an athletic club, play ground, settle- 
ment, bath, public track, skating rink, or any other organization devoted 
in whole or in part to any form of athletic exercise, either indoor 
or outdoor ? 

Have you ever competed or given an exhibition in any kind of sport? If so, 

what and where and what kind of prize or reward did you receive? 

I certify that I have truthfully answered all of the above questions, and 

it is undeVstood that should I receive a registration card, it will be on the 

basis of the above answers, and accepted by me with the distinct under- 
standing that the Registration Committee can at any time cancel it. 

Write your name here. The above application MUST be en- 
•vr„Tvip, dorsed by Secretary of appli- 

^ cant's Club, or if not a member 

Street or box of Club, by three citizens. 

City or Town 

State 

Club '.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.'.[ 

Approved (leave blank) Registration No 

To facilitate correct filing of this application please PRINT your name, also, 

in capital letters, on above line, in addition to your signature. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 81 

As far as publicity is concerned, you should go to the 
newspapers, in your town and the county, and give them all 
the news you possibly can about the meeting. Tell them who 
is going to compete, their records, and all the data you can 
that would interest the public. You should have a press 
■committee to write articles about the meeting and keep the 
public posted about just what is going on. 

With the preliminary arrangements out of the way, the 
hardest part of the work is at hand. The entry blanks must 
be distributed at the various athletic clubs and colleges and 
entries solicited. In these days of close rivalry it is important, 
if the meet is to be a success, that prominent record hold- 
ers and the stars of the college athletic world appear. The wire 
pulling and other features indulged in to secure these much 
desired sensation creators is only known to those in the inner 
circles of athleticdom and would fill columns if recited. After 
the entry of the cracks has been secured, it is in order to an- 
nounce the fact to the public. To this end advertisements in 
the newspapers, cards, and dodgers are freely used, and by the 
night of the contests the followers of the sport are fully aware 
of all that is to transpire, and occasionally that which is not. 
While those in charge of this end of the games are busily en- 
gaged, the entries are in the hands of the official handicapper, 
who is supposed to place the entrants in the various handicap 
contests on marks which will equalize their respective athletic 
abilities. On receipt of these handicaps the programme is 
printed and bound, and should contain, in addition to the 
advertisements, without which no programme would be con- 
sidered complete, a list of the events, the entrants with their 
entry and registration numbers, the officers of the games and 
details of the length of the track. 

The management of the games should be in charge of a 
certain official, as set forth in the General Athletic Rules. It 
is desirable to invite, as officials, men who have had some experi- 
ence in athletics, if possible. Then men should be selected who 
liave read the athletic rules, and who are fairly intelligent 
enough to conduct the meeting according to the letter of the 



Track and Field Junior Championships 



Metropolitan Association 

=== AMATEUR ATHLETIC UNION == 



Under the ^u-tpice* 
tifihe 



Ta^time Athletic Club 



PASTIME OVAL. 90th St. and Ave. A 

.On SATURDAY. AUGUST 25th. 1906. 

BEGINNING AT 2 P. M. SHARP 



The following events are open to all Registered Athletes whose Club is now a member of the MetropoJita; 
Association of the A. A- U , and who has no( won a Metropolitan or other District Championship, a Junior ci 
National Championship or other Championship as laid down in the rules of the Amateur Athletic Unionl 

FIELD 

Putting 16-,lb. Shot 

Throwing 16-lb. Hammer 
Throwing the Discus 

Throwing 56-lb. Weight 
R-unning High Jump 

R.unning Broad Jump 
Pole Vault 



TRACK 

100 Yards Run 

220 Yards Run 

440 Yards Run 

880 Yards Run 

One Mile Run 

Three Mile Run 
120 Yards High Hurdles 

220 Yards Low Hurdles 



Entries close TOSITiyELY August 6tb, .1906, with the Championship Committee, care oi 
JAMES E. SULUVAN, 2t Warren Street, P. O.Box 611, New York City. 

- 

Entry Fee, Fifty Cents for each event, wh,ich must accompany the entry blank. No entry received unles 
the blank is properly filled out, registration number givert and signed by the entrant. The right to reject anv 
entry is reserved. ______^____ 

The Metropolitan Championship Die Medal Swarded to winners- Gold to first. Silver to second, ancn 
Bronze to third in each event. 



To reach the grounds: Elevated R. R. Station, 89th Street and Third Avenue, and 92d Street and Seconc 
Avenue; 86th Street Crosstown Line, connecting -with all surface roads, pass the the entrance. j 

CHAMPIONSHIP COMMITTEE 
H. OBERTUBBESSING, Chairman 

JOHwT.iDooLiNG Frank Peabodv 

John A.ScHOFiELn 



SAMPLE FORM OF A CIRCULAR ANNOUNCING EVENTS 

The Entry Blank (see opposite page) is printed on the back. The size is usually 

8'/^ X 11 inches. 



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84 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

law A great mistake wilt be made in selecting men who are 
really not competent and have little knowledge of the rules. 
Of course, to a small club making a start, it will be important 
to select good men. 

The prizes may consist of any of the articles designated in the 
A. A U. handbook, and need not be expensive. The prizes 
could be obtained from local dealers or from the large houses 
making a specialty of such goods. 

Of course, in some sections it will be possible to secure appro 
priations from the county and State to further amateur athletic 
sports. This matter should be given careful consideration by 
the representatives of the A. A. U. ; and it is a common practice 
in some rural towns to procure the necessary money by sub- 
scription. A list taken among the prominent citizens will surely 
be filled in a short while. 

The most important work for the committee at this time ii 
to have the track fenced off and the entrances properly 
guarded to prevent none but competitors and officials from 
entering the enclosure, and to see that competitors leave aa 
soon as the race is completed. Neglect of this important work 
the committee are responsible for, has often marred otherwise 
successful meetmgs. The officials of the games cannot keef 
the enclosure clear, and the Games Committee must providd 
for it. 

The time for the games having arrived, the contestants are 
called to the track by the clerks of the course, wearing competi 
tors' numbers on their backs, sent away by the starter, and 
judged in the order in which they complete the runs by the 
judges at the finish. Here is where many differences oi 
opinion arise. In a close finish there is sometimes a diver 
sity of opinion as to who won, which man ran second, and sc 
forth. In many cases grave injustice is done, owing to the 
mistakes of the judges at the finish, and it behooves those in 
charge to select these officers with great care. In the centei 
of the circular course the field events are held, in conjunction 
with the track races, and in some cases meets resemble a three- 
ring circus, owing to the many contests going on at one time. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 85- 

SELECTION OF EVENTS. 

In selecting the events for your games, try to give a variety — 
at least one sprint run, a distance run, one hurdle race, one- 
weight event and a jumping contest. 

Novice races should be given by a newly organized club, 
particularly when the ability of the different .athletes is not 
very well known. By giving novice races, which are, of course, 
scratch races, the committee, in doing the handicapping for 
subsequent handicap meetings, will be able to get a line on the 
contestants and handicap them intelligently. The handicap- 
ping is something that will eventually cause a considerable 
amount of dissatisfaction, as it always does. In handicapping 
races the idea is to make the finish as close as possible. The 
rule of the handicapper should be to make each and every 
race a dead heat, if possible. For instance, in your first race, 
if Charles Jones wins a novice race quite easily by 80 yards 
from John Blank, and John Doe is 40 yards behind him, the 
next handicap should be John Doe, 120 yards, John Blank, 80 
yards, and Charles Jones, scratch. The same would apply to 
sprint races. The work would consist in picking out the marks 
for the different men. The weight events should be handi- 
capped by feet and inches, and so should the jumps; and the 
same general plan should be followed out as to who should be 
the scratch man in the competitions. 

Another very interesting way of encouraging your men, after 
you have given enough novice races to allot handicaps, is to 
have closed or time races, which were popular some years ago 
in America. For instance, give a half-mile run for those who 
were never beaten in two minutes and twenty seconds, a mile- 
run for those never beaten in five minutes. In this way a man 
who might be handicapped out of a race is given a chance to 
win occasionally. 

In handicapping, much of the trouble to the handicapper is 
caused by athletes not filling out their entry blanks intelli- 
gently. If an athlete would put his best performance on the 
blank, the mark he started from and how he finished, the 
handicapper could do very good work without much trouble^ 



^ SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

This blank should be filled out conscientiously. The handi- 
cappers throughout the country should report to the member 
of the Registration Committee of the district any attempt to 
deceive them, for certainly a few examples should be made of 
the men who go around and endeavor to mislead the handi- 
capper by false statements as to performances on the blank, or 
neglect to put on their best performances. 

In addition to what has already been written in reference to 
handicapping, it may be well to state that when an athlete 
enters he is required to fill out an entry blank for the informa- 
tion of the handicapper. In time events he is required to give 
his last three best performances, stating in each case the time 
of the race. In the weight events the athlete is required to 
give his last three best performances, giving the distance in 
each case that the event was won by; therefore it will be neces- 
sary for the handicapper to arbitrarily adopt the following 
table for timing events: In running races up to and including 
220 yards, allow 10 yards for a second: races over 220 yards, 
and up to and including 440 yards, allow 8 yards to a second; 
in races over 440 yards, up to and including one mile, allow 6 
yards to a second. In races over one mile the handicapper will 
use his own judgment. In the weight events the handicapper 
will be governed by the actual last three performances. Of 
course, it is a well-known rule in handicapping that a novice 
entry in a competitive event, unless there is some good reason 
to the contrary, be given at least one half the limit. The 
handicapper would, of course, penalize an athlete for a win 
and for a place. This, of course, would be a matter in which 
he would use his judgment. 

In order to bring out the talent that exists in your club, club 
games should be given at least once a week. Club games 
always tend to increase the athletic interest among the mem- 
bers. It will not be necessary to give prizes for each set of 
club games given. Three prizes can be given to the athletes 
scoring the greatest number of points during the year, on the 
basis of 5 for firsts,. 2 for seconds and i for thirds. In this way 
the boys will take an interest in the doings of the club. They 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 87 

will keep on training and exercising, and nothing helps a man 
more than competition. The old saying among certain clubs — 
that there is not enough competitions in their territory — shows 
there is a lack of interest and not the right man at the helm, for 
when ten or fifteen men congregate at one club there certainly 
should be enough interest taken in the ten or fifteen men to 
have competition for them, which could be arranged at no 
great expense. As a sample of how club competitions are bene- 
ficial the case of the Pastime Athletic Club, of New York, may 
be cited as an example, where as many as one hundred en- 
tries have been received for its weekly competitions. 

After the organization of an athletic club is perfected it is 
essential that you ally yourselves with one of the associations 
of the A. A. U. This gives you prestige, and if you should at 
any time give open games, your sister clubs are sure to help 
you. By "open" games is meant that all registered amateur 
athletes are eligible for entry. 

Attached herewith will be found the different associations of 
the A. A. U., the districts they cover and the secretaries of 
each of the associations. To join one of these associations all 
that is necessary is to proceed according to the following By- 
Law of the A. A. U. : 

ARTICLE IV. 

MEMBERSHIP IN THE ASSOCIATION 

Any organization eligible under the Constitution of the 
Union and of this Association desiring to become a member of 
the Association, shall make application in writing to the Secre- 
tary-Treasurer declaring : 

(a) Its name, location, the number of its members and the 
names of its officers. 

(b) Date of its organization and its purposes. 

(c) That it will, if elected a member of the Association, abide 
by the Constitution, By-Laws and Rules of the Union and As- 
sociation, and will respect, abide by and enforce all decisions of 
the Union and Board of Managers of this Association and the 
decisions of the Registration Committee of the Union. 

It shall transmit at same time the dues required by the Con- 
stitution of this Association, and a copy of its Constitution and 
By-Laws. Such application shall be immediately referred by 
the Secretary-Treasurer to the proper Committee to investigate 
and report. 



^88 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

REGISTRATION. 

By reading the rules over carefully, the organizer of an ath- 
letic club will readily understand that in order to compete as 
an amateur an athlete must be registered. Attached herewith 
is the form of registration blank, which must be filled out and 
forwarded by each athlete to the member of the Registration 
Committee having charge of the respective districts. Captain 
John J. Dixon, 21 Warren street, New York, is Chairman of the 
A. A. U. Registrr.tion Committee. The different districts of 
the Amateur Athletic Union are as follows' 

NEW ENGLAND ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Maine, 
New Hampshire, Vermont, Massachusetts and Rhode Island. 

METROPOLITAN ASSOCIATION— Consisting of New York 
State, New Jersey (north of Trenton) and Connectict. 

MIDDDLE ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION— Consisting of New 
Jersey (south of Trenton), Delaware and Pennsylvania. 

SOUTH ATLANTIC ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Mary- 
land, Virginia, West Virginia, District of Columbia, North 
Carolina and South Carohna. 

WESTERN ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Missouri, Ne- 
braska, North Dakota, South Dakota, Arkansas, Kentucky, 
Kansas, Indian Territory and Oklahoma, 

CENTRAL ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Ohio, Illinois, 
Indiana, Michigan, Wisconsin, Iowa and Minnesota. 

PACIFIC ASSOCIATION— Consisting of California, Arizona 
and Nevada. 

SOUTHERN ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Tennessee, 
Florida, Alabama, Georgia, Louisiana and Texas. 

PACIFIC NORTHWEST ASSOCIATION— Consisting of 
Idaho, Montana. Oregon, Washington and Alaska. 

ROCKY MOUNTAIN ASSOCIATION— Consisting of Utah. 
Wyoming, Colorado and New Mexico. 

After the formation of your athletic club, if it is found that 
you cannot procure training quarters for your men — that is, 
any place suitable for continual training — an exciting form of 
•exercise to indulge in, and one that is harmless, is that of hare 
•and hounds. It is a simple way of obtaining pleasant out- 
«door exercise. Select two of your runners to act as hares, 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 8» 

furnish them with bags to fling over the shoulder and to con- 
tain paper cut in as small pieces as possible. The paper is to- 
be distributed by the hares over the trail. Give them, say» 
five minutes' start on the pack of hounds. The hares will take 
any course they desire across country, always leaving an in- 
telligent trail. The hounds follow, the idea being to overtake 
them before they get home. The start and finish is usually 
made at the same place. They make a circuit of the surround- 
ing country and return to the starting place, usually some hotel 
or club house. After the boys go through this exercise several- 
times the distance can be increased. 



90 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



INDOOR GAMES 

How Big Midwinter Athletic Meets Are Arranged and 

Held. 

The average spectator who attends indoor athletic meets at 
the armories and Madison Square Garden seldom has an idea 
of the labor involved in planning and carrying out the various 
details connected with such a set of games. For a period of 
from one to three months before the night of the contests the 
promoters have their hands full preparing for the meet, and 
the success or failure of the games depends on how well they 
lay their plans. Probably the first decision to be arrived at 
after the date and place for holding the meet is decided upon 
is the list of events that will comprise the programme. It must 
be carefully borne in mind what events are most likely to 
appeal to the followers of athletics and which ones can be held 
in the building selected for the exhibition. Straightaway sprint 
races, always popular with spectators at indoor games, must be 
gauged according to the floor and space available. 

The general plan outlined previously for the conduct of an 
athletic meeting will of course apply to an indoor meet, with 
such modifications as the structural features of the building 
may render necessary. In some of the larger armories it is 
possible to arrange for a loo-yards dash; but, as a rule, 50 
or 60 yards is the longest distance available, for it is 
necessary to allow at least 10 yards for a slow-up at the 
finish. This feature was overlooked at a meet several years 
ago, and several sprinters were more or less bruised by 
running at almost full speed into a brick wall three yards 
beyond the finish line. There are also several field events, 
such as throwing the 16-pound hammer, the 56-pound shot, 
and the discus throw, that it is impossible to hbld indoors, 
owing to the lack of space. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 91 

As a rule, the events that make up the average indoor athletic 
programme consist of a straightaway dash from 50 to 70 yards, 
220, 440, and 880-yard runs, one, two, and possibly a three- 
mile run on a circular track, with one or more, hurdle races 
over a similar course. Occasionally bicycle races are added, 
but these are not particularly popular with the riders, as the 
flat flooring at the turns makes the event more or less danger- 
ous to the contestants. A number of bad injuries have been 
received by riders in such races, and several years ago one en- 
trant was killed as a result of a crash following a slip at the 
turn. Having decided upon the list of events, it is next in 
order to secure a sanction for the games from the Amateur 
Athletic Union of the United States, which controls amateur 
athletics in this country. With the sanction granted, the next 
step is the printing of entry blanks and the preparing of the 
prizes that go to the winners in each event. In past years it 
was the custom to give gold medals to the first man and silver 
and bronze to the second and third, respectively. Within the 
past few seasons more taste has been displayed in the selection 
of trophies, and at present pieces of statuary, gold watches, 
diamond rings, placques, and other novelties of value have the 
call over the old-time medal. An innovation was introduced 
in this connection on New Year's Eve, December 31, 1904, at 
the Pastime A. C, games, when every contestant, regardless of 
the place in which he finished, received a souvenir medal. 

While, with the exception of the quality of the entries, all 
indoor games are more or less alike, the accommodations for 
the comfort of the spectators vary greatly, in some cases 
powerful-voiced announcers give the numbers of the event and 
men in each event, the time or distance and features of the 
contests. At other times the spectators are left to find out for 
themselves as best they may the results. While the announcer 
is a necessary adjunct to every properly conducted set of ath- 
letic games, there is need of a suitable score board at big meets 
on which can be shown the winners, times, distances, and other 
details which the average followers of the sport desire to know. 
Armory meets are very popular, and are almost always fol- 



92 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

lowed by dancing. The games can hardly be successful unless 
completed in two and a half hours. Large numbers of com- 
petitors crowd the floor, and when the race in which they 
compete is finished, they linger to see the balance of the pro- 
gram, and often become unmanageable, obstructing the view^ 
of the spectators. To prevent this it is necessary to expedite 
matters by allowing on the floor only those called for a raCe, 
and by clearmg the floor after each race, and only allowing, 
officials and those who are in actual competition to remain on 
the floor. If possible, no seats for spectators should be on the 
drill floor. The galleries usually can accommodate the crowd,, 
and when spectators are allowed on the floor the track must 
be roped or fenced off to prevent them from crossing the track 
and interfering with the games. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 93 



METHOD OF ANNOUNCING RESULTS OF 

EVENTS AT THE WORLD'S FAIR 

AT ST. LOUIS, 1904 

BY JOHN C. MEYERS. IN " FORCE. ' ST. LOUIS. 

In fanning off the athletic events on the World s Fair Stadium, 
Mr. James E. Sullivan, Chief of the Department of Physical 
Culture, intends to make the meets interesting to even the 
most uninitiated from an audience point of view, and all his 
energies are directed toward keeping the spectators informed 
of developments while athletic events are in progress, instead 
of waiting until the events are concluded. 

He has originated several interesting contrivances and 
adapted other novel methods to bring this about during the 
meets on the Stadium. 

For instance, while the running broad jump is in progress, 
spectators will not be compelled to watt until the event is fin- 
ished to know the winner and the length ot his jump. Near 
the jumping arena will be a small xevolving bulletin board. 
As each contestant takes his position his number will be dis- 
played on the board. The spectators seeing his number can 
learn his name by consulting the programme. When he jumps 
the board will immediately record the length of his jump. 
Not only will the persons in the grand stand, but those in all 
parts of the field will be enabled to make note, as the board 
will be revolved, so that all in the Stadium may see. In this 
way each spectator will be able to keep track of the event, and 
Will know the winner and the length of his jump before the 
official announ-cement is posted on the main bulletin board or 
proclaimed by the official announcer. 

To enlighten the spectators in regard to the progress of the 
high jump and the pole vault events, Mr. Sulhvan arranged on 



94 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

the sides of the stands over which the bar is stretched in the 
high jump a sHding box. In this box will fit a placard bearing 
the number "5" when the bar is at the height of five feet. In. 
this way those in a distant part of the grounds will know for 
what mark the contestants are striving. As the event pro- 
gresses placards will be displayed, reading ''Over 5 feet." If 
six feet is reached the placards will again be changed. 

In the pple vault a similar plan will be followed. Of course, 1 
the numbers will be higher, "10," "11" and possibly "12." 
In case a twelve is displayed the spectators will know that a 
world's record is being tried for, without waiting any official 
announcer or bulletin board to tell them so. 

For the weight and hammer-throwing events, the scheme of 
marking a football field will be adapted. Semi-circular lines 
five feet distant will be drawn about the field in which the 
hammer will be thrown, the thrower's circle, of course, being 
the center. At both of each semicircle will be a sign with a 
number indicating the number of yards the weight has gone 
that drops on that line. By means of these signs the spectators 
can judge the distance just as they can on the gridiron. The 
circular lines will be in whitewash. 

In the running events it will not be possible to carry out the 
same idea, but nevertheless there will be innovations intro- 
duced in them by Mr. Sullivan in the interest of the spectators. 

One will be the running of the 100 and 220-yard dashes on 
the side of the field farthest from the grandstand. 

By having the events run on the opposite side, it gives the 
grandstand occupants a perfect view of the start, the contest, 
and the finish he holds. Incidentally it permits the spectators 
who are standing in the seatless portions ot the grounds to en- 
joy a close glimpse of the runners as they flash by. 

In the Exposition Stadiurh the grandstand is on the south 
side, extending almost the entire length of the field. The field 
is 683 feet long and the stands 650 feet. The Stadium is 345 
feet wide, but the occupants of the seats can see across it with- 
out the aid of glasses of any kind. In the distance runs, how- 
ever, the finish will be in front of the grand stands. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 95 

Mr. Sullivan will employ a revolving bulletin board to an- 
nounce the results of the races. This board, in repose, will be 
on the north side of the field and will face the stands. After 
the results have been posted there for a minute or so, it will be 
wheeled about, first to the right and then to the left, that 
spectators in all parts of the arena may copy the summaries. 

There will be no crowding about che finish in the Stadium 
contests. There will be no wrangling and interference on the 
part of outsiders. The "butter-in ' tor once will be effectually 
repressed. The judges will have an elevated stand, as racing 
lurists enjoy, and will make their decisions as the competitors 
pass below them, A box will be reserved in the grandstand 
for the judges, which they will occupy during the events which 
finish on that side of the Stadium. 

Still other novelties of a practical kind are installed at the 
Stadium. Among them will be stones to mark the location of 
the hurdles m the nurdle races and the starting places on the 
straightaway and the circular course. ^ 

In past meets, particularly those extending over more than 
one day, trouble has been occasioned by the changing of the 
position of the hurdles, Careful track managers have fre- 
quently found it advisable to measure the distance between the 
hurdles before each hurdle event. With stones buried in the 
sod to mark the location, Mr. Sullivan's office-boy may go out 
on a moment s notice and get the hurdles in perfect position. 

On each of the stones to mark the starting points their ob- 
ject is engraved. For instance, ''Start loo yards'" is cut in 
and painted black on stone. ^ 

The innovations are largely Mr. Sullivan's personal produc- 
tions, and he is expecting that they will enhance popular in- 
terest in the Stadium games. 

The Stadium will accommodate 25,000 spectators, the grand- 
stands nearly 10,000 of them. 



96 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



THE STARTER 

The starter in an athletic race is an important official. It 
depends upon him to a great extent whether the race will be 
truly run. A man to be a good starter must necessarily have a 
knowledge of athletics. If he has been a runner, so much the 
better. He must be firm and of course absolutely honest — that 
goes without saying. Owing to the fact that athletic games 
have been held in and around New York City for over a quarter 
of a century, the best starters naturally come from that section 
of the country, but there is no reason why each section and 
each association should not have its own starter. 

Taking for granted that the starter understands something 
about athletics, after the clerk of the course has checked the 
men up and turned them over to the starter, he should then 
proceed in the following manner : "Now, boys, take your 
marks," when each contestant will walk up to the particular 
mark allotted to him; then he continues, "Get set"; that is the 
warning for the athletes to be prepared for the report of the 
pistol; when the men are on their marks it is not good judg- 
ment to hold them too long, nor is it good judgment to bang 
the pistol the moment he tells them " Get set." He has to be 
cool enough to see that the men are in proper position before he 
fires his pistol. A fair start is one in which all the contestants 
leave the mark together. I have watched starters at some very 
important games in New York City and some of them are care- 
less. At some meets the official starters make it their business 
to talk to each of the contestants; the starters want to make 
speeches; that is not necessary. Time and again I have watched 
starters in big meets and their work has been simply deplorable. 
There is always a whitewashed line to indicate the starting point 
of every race. A man's fingers, if he uses the crouching start, 
should be back of that line or right on the line, not an inch or 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 97 

half an inch over the line; if he uses the standing start, then his 
feet must be back of the line or on the line, not over it. If any 
of the contestants should start before the crack of the pistol, 
the starter must bring them back. I have watched officials at 
many important intercollegiate and scholastic meets, and the 
starters are negligent; they don't want to put the men back; 
they don't think it is fair. This is not for them to decide. The 
law states that the contestant that breaks must be put back. 
One who is interested in athletics, who has been a competitor 
and understands athletics and is firm and intelligent, would 
make a good starter, and we have very few men in America 
who could be considered good starters. 



98 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



^•TIMING*' 

By CHAS. J. DIEGES 

Timing is recognized throughout the athletic world as an all- 
important factor in to-day's field of sports. At the finish of 
any athletic event, whether schoolboy racing or the automo- 
bile's breakneck speed over its course, when the goal is reached 
and suspense broken the first sentence from the breathless 
onlookers is, "What's the time?" Then it is up to the man 
behind the watch. I have often wondered how the athletes 
of ancient Greece were timed in their contests. To the best 
of my knowledge, the timing of races could not have been in 
vogue at that time, unless they used the sun-dial or the hour- 
glass. 

From a practical experience of nearly twenty years, my idea 
on timing is that the only way to gain right results is to have 
a good timepiece, properly regulated, with the undivided atten- 
tion as well as accuracy and alertness of the holder of the watch. 

The stop or timing chronometer was invented about seventy- 
five years ago, and was originally used to time horse-racing. 
The fine stop-watch of the twentieth century is a wonderful 
piece of mechanism, being a very delicately constructed piece 
of workmanship, which needs to be operated with the greatest 
of care. It is advisable for one officiating as a timer quite 
often to have an extra watch at his command. For my -own 
use I have two watches, one being of American and the other of 
Swiss construction. It seems to me that a finely constructed 
watch is almost human, and gets used to the handling of one 
person, and for this reason it has always been my policy never 
to loan my watch to any one, for I have found in a number of 
instances when, having been loaned, they were injured or abused 
in some way. The price of a fine timepiece of this variety 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 99 

ranges from $25 to $1,000, depending entirely upon the con- 
struction and maker. 

To time properly, hold the watch in either hand, using the 
forefinger for pressing the pushpiece. Next important is to 
watch the starter's gun,, which should be, and generally is, raised 
above his head. The flash of the gun, not the report, must be 
taken at all times. In sprints, and in all other races, the timer 
must stand right on the line and watch the tape. A timer who 
stands two or three feet either side of the line cannot get the 
correct time. Stand on a direct line with the tape, and as the 
man strikes it get your time. If there is no tape, watch the 
whitewash line on the path. When the gun is fired and you have 
caught the flash, watch the competitors coming along, and when 
they are within about ten yards of the tape turn your entire 
attention to the tape. If these instructions, which require a 
little practice at first, are closely followed, you can feel confi- 
dent you have caught the correct idea of timing. 

Give your time as you read it from your watch. It is a great 
mistake for beginners to wait to hear the announcement from 
other timers, as the most natural impulse would then be to 
agree, instead of giving the time they may have on their own 
watches. In all cases, as I have said before, read your watch as 
it stands, and then so give it. 

Signal for the finish of a race is generally to breast the tape, 
or the moment the foot crosses the line; in automobile and 
bicycling the front wheel is generally taken. In rowing regattas 
the judges are generally stationed on the shore with a flag. 
When the flag is raised, it denotes the finish of one crew ; lower- 
ing of the flag, the finish of the second crew ; and raising of the 
flag again, the finish of the third crew. In this case the timer 
generally "splits" on his watch, which means the watch must 
have double timing hands, operated by means of a small knob 
which stops one hand while the other hand continues on until 
by the pushpiece, thereby catching first and second winners. 

There must be three watches; the middle time, or the time 
of two out of three, is generally taken. Where there are five 
watches, the time of three out of five must be official — two are 

Lore. 



100 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 

substitute times. Take, for instance, at the 5-second point: if 
the hand of your watch be a shade to the right of the 5-second 
point, and not quite touch the 1-5, it would be necessary to call 
it 5 1-5 seconds; and. in the same manner, if it be between and 
a trifle to the right of 53-5 seconds, instead of calling it 53-5 
it would be called the slower time, 5 4-5 seconds; where the hand 
is right direct on the line, or i -5-second mark, it is most natural 
to call that time. 

Besides using the stop-watch in this way, we have the electric 
timing apparatus, which is generally used at automobile racing, 
and has been used at athletic meetings. With this system a 
wire is generally stretched at the starting and finishing points, 
about half an inch from the ground. The instant the racing- 
machine strikes this wire a contact is formed, the wire being 
connected with the apparatus on a specially constructed stand, 
where there are from three to six watches; this same contact 
starts the watches automatically. This also applies to the 
watches that are stationed at the finish, where the same con- 
ditions prevail as at the start, when the watches are checked 
and stopped, thus giving at once the time of both the beginning 
and ending of the race. There is also an attachment used with 
the starting of the watches which shoots off a gun at both 
stations, and this acts as a signal for the spectators, as well as. 
for the extra men present to time by hand. This system has 
been principally used for straight racing at Florida at the 
celebrated Ormond-Daytona Beach track, where the speed has 
been at the rate of two miles per minute and faster. The path 
of this track is on the edge of the ocean, and is leveled by the 
incoming and receding of the surf, making it an ideal racing 
path at low tide. 

The electric system of timing, however, has not been found 
practicable as yet for use at track meets, but there is no doubt 
that in time some inventive genius will perfect an apparatus 
which, by its automatic construction, will be adapted for use 
where the time is required for speed. 

At the celebrated Vanderbilt race, inasmuch as the entire 
race practically depended upon the time (and it is surprising^ 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 101 

to note how closely some of those racing machines are gauged 
to run like one another), the electric apparatus was not used, 
but a corps of twelve experienced timers were selected, six of 
whom were placed at the start, and the others stationed at five, 
ten, fifteen, twenty and twenty-five mile posts, with telephone 
connections, these stations being used in cases of break-down 
or delay, so the time between these points could be easily esti- 
mated. The machines were started at one-minute intervals, 
the distance being ten laps, constituting nearly 300 miles. 
Outside of the timing, it is interesting to know that months of 
work are required in the preparations for arrangements of a 
race of this character. It has been estimated that the con- 
struction of the track and other necessary arrangements have 
cost up to $100,000. During the elementary trials and finals, 
the entire space encircling this path was alive with people coming 
from all parts of the country, the races being witnessed by 250,- 
000 spectators. 

It has been my experience several times at automobile racing, 
where strong electric currents or batteries were used, to have 
my watch become magnetized, and had it not been for the close 
attention of the rest of the official timers the race would have 
certainly been a failure on account of not catching the time, and 
it would probably have been necessary to have the same run 
over again. So it is most important to know your associates 
with whom you are about to act, for, as in the above case, had 
they not been on the alert, and assisted me when the race was 
started, it would have been impossible for me to have gotten 
the time at all. 

At the present time organizations have been formed, such as 
the Chronograph Club of Boston and the New York Timers' 
Club, where men who are not experienced can receive proper 
instructions, and are tested, so that if it were necessary to take 
the records of any important race there would be no doubt in 
the mind of any one as to the accuracy of the time. These 
clubs will also in time have all the paraphernalia, such as an 
electric timing apparatus and testing arrangements, as well as 
several official watchmakers of high grade. 



102 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Another celebrated race brought to my mind was the "mile 
a minute," paced by a raihoad train, when CharHe Murphy, 
well known a number of years ago as a "speed cyclist." at- 
tempted to ride a mile in a minute. The arrangements for this 
event, I may say, were most interesting, inasmuch as a special 
railroad track of about three miles had to be constructed, with 
a boarded track laid in between the railroad ties, which had to 
be so exact and smooth that it required a force of nearly six 
hundred men, working twenty-fours steadily, to construct it^ 
This boarded track had to be smoothed over by hand-planers, 
after being laid, so as to avoid the possibility of the least chance 
of a splinter, which might have cost this athlete's life by the 
tearing of his tires when going at this terrific rate of speed. 
The train was composed of a locomotive and one car, in the- 
rear of which was constructed a hood to hold the judges, and 
under which also rode Murphy. In the car were representa- 
tives of the press and five experienced holders of the watch. 
Five large flags were placed at the side of the track; red flags- 
denoting the start, the half-mile and the mile finish, and green 
flags denoting one-quarter and three-quarter mile. All watches 
were started alike. Three timers were instructed to " split " on. 
the half-mile, one on the quarter, and the other on the three- 
quarter mile, and all to stop their watches at the finish. TwO' 
watches reported 57 3-5 seconds, two reported 58 seconds, and 
one 57 4-5 seconds; 57 4-5 seconds being the middle time, it 
was selected. This happened to be the time my watch reported, 
and constituted the world's record for an event of this kind. 
The referee of this contest was Mr. James E. Sullivan, now 
president of the Amateur Athletic Union of the United States. 

For foot ball, basket ball, water polo, and other sports of like- 
nature, a stipulated time for playing is agreed upon, for the 
timing of which there is now a specially constructed watch, 
where, in cases of injury, arguments, or delay of any kind, the 
time is deducted by stopping the watch and starting it again 
when play is resumed, in order to enable the contestants to 
play the actual time agreed upon. 

An instance comes to our mind of our "English cousins'* 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. lOg 

questioning the accuracy of the American timers. When our 
celebrated American athlete, the late Lon E. Myers, went to 
England to compete in the championships there, they at- 
tributed his good performances in America to incompetent 
timing; but after competing in their championships, and romp- 
ing away with a number of races, beating their best men, they 
lad more confidence in the American timers. 

Athletics in England are managed a great deal like horse- 
racing, which permits betting. When Myers arrived at his 
headquarters he was watched day and night by the book- 
makers, which was observed by himself and his friends. I un- 
derstand they were even watched through the cracks of the 
fence to get information as to how fast he could run. One of 
the bystanders watching Myers come out of the dressing-room, 
wanted to know whether he could "really run so fast." Myers 
remarked he "did not know, but would try," and that he "was 
just going out for a trot to warm up." He started, and, with- 
out his knowledge, was secretly timed, and when he ran his 
•quarter it recorded one-fifth of a second within the world's 
Tecord. The Britishers were astonished, and remarked, "If he 
•calls that a trot, what will 'e do hin a race?" And when he really 
did compete he established new records. Since that time our 
friends from across the sea have taken our timing as authentic, 
there never having been further doubt as to the American ath- 
letes' performances. 

I also wish to state that the timing is an important matter 
in military service. For instance, to get the velocity of bullets, 
in which cases there are generally screens placed certain dis- 
tances apart, when a bullet strikes through the screen it forms 
a contact as in automobile racing, and either starts or stops tne 
watch. At large gun practice in coast defenses the time is gen- 
erally taken from the flash of the gun, and stopped when the 
shot strikes the water. Timing is also used for taking the num- 
ber of steps per minute in military marching. In fact, I am 
continually being informed of new usages for the stop-watch, it 
being used in surgical and other scientific work where it would 
be an impossibility to get along without it. 



104 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

On the importance of accurate timing, I wish to cite an in- 
stance of injustice that occurred in the case of incompetent and 
inexperienced timers. Several years ago a schoolboy ran loa 
yards, and of my two associates one had the time as 9 4-5 
seconds, the other 10 seconds, while my watch showed 10 3-5 
seconds: but with all the argument as to the unfairness of this 
performance, I could not convince these two men that it cer- 
tainly would be a great injury to this young man in future 
•competitions, especially where it would be an impossibility, un- 
der existing conditions in which this race was run, it being a 
well-known fact that until that time there had been but three 
or four men in the world who had run 100 yards in 10 seconds. 
There is now, however, a record on the books of 9 3-5 seconds 
for that distance, which has been made by Dan Kelly, a Western 
athlete, in 1906, 

In closing, 1 desire to call your attention to the importance 
of being conscientious; whether right or wrong, give your time 
as your watch records it. If you should have an accident with 
your watch, and the time of the race is important, refuse under 
any conditions to act, which course on your part would add to, 
rather than lessen, your reputation. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 105 



NOTES FOR THE ATHLETE 

Protests. — If you have any appeals or protests to make they 
should be made to the referee. Always remember that the 
latter's decision should not be questioned and that you must 
not become abusive. Such conduct will surely bring you 
trouble, and may be the cause of your being suspended. 

The referee alone has the power to change the order of events. 
The referee has the power to disqualify a competitor for jostling 
or impeding the progress of another runner, it is immaterial 
whether done intentionally or through carelessness. 

In the final heat the referee has the right to disqualify any 
one who interferes with the other runners, and if he so desires 
he can order a race between the other competitors. 

There should be at least four inspectors. They are assistants 
to the referee. They have no power to make decisions, but 
can report to the referee any case of deliberate fouling, and the 
referee can act as he sees fit. 

The judges at the finish decide the winner, second, third and 
fourth men, and so on. There is no appeal from their decision. 
There is also no appeal from the decision of the field judges. 

The most important official at an athletic meeting is the 
starter, and in America we have several competent ones, but 
need a great many more. It requires years of practice in all 
kinds of competitions to make a starter expert. It will be 
necessary, of course, in localities where it is impossible to get 
an expert starter for a man to make himself a starter. In 
sprint races it is customary in and about New York City, 
especially at the intercollegiate meeting, as well as other large 
meetings, for the starter to proceed on this plan: The four 
starters in the loo-yard race are placed on their marks by 
^he clerk of the course. The starter orders the men to take 
their marks. When the men are at their marks he says, in. 



106 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

an authoritative tone, "Get set." Then, after holding the men 
a reasonable time on the marks, and when they are all steady, so 
that no one has an advantage over another, he fires his pistol. 
The clever starter is one that will hold the men at their marks, 
sending them all away at once as one man, so that no one can 
have an advantage. Any kind of a pistol will answer for the 
purposes of the starter, and it is customary to use blank car- 
tridges. A starter must hold the pistol in the air so that the 
timekeepers can see the flash. 

The judge of walking will give each contestant who is walking 
unfairly three cautions. If he walks unfairly in the last 220 
yards he can be disqualified. 

The success of a meeting depends, to a great extent, upon 
the ability of the clerk of the course. He should be energetic, 
firm, and a bit dictatorial. He should have assistants. He 
should assign one assistant to the field events and one to the 
track events, the duty of the assistant clerk of the course being 
to announce in the dressing-rooms the event to be started. 
When the contestants come on the field, if it is a handicap 
event, they should at once take their given handicaps, which 
are usually marked with whitewash or printed on papers and 
tacked to the border of the track. Each competitor will know 
by a glance at the programme how much start he has received, 
and he then goes back and finds the mark. The clerk of the 
course goes around and sees that each contestant is on his mark. 
He then blows his whistle to the starter, as an indication that 
the men are all right. In scratch races the same rule applies. 
The clerk should be quick and energetic in placing the men and 
not argue with them as to what position they have on the 
track or where they should start from. He should invariably 
have, before one event is started, the next event called and the 
men within hailing distance of the starting point. 

The clerk of the course will be saved a great deal of trouble 
if the contestants, before they go on the track, procure a pro- 
gramme and ascertain their number. They should then get 
their numbers and pin them on, for the reason that contestants 
are not allowed to start in races unless they are properly num-' 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 107 

bered. It is the duty of the clerk of the course to see that 
each contestant is properly numbered and attired. 

It is very important in selecting field judges, that you have 
one or two men who are expert enough to act intelligently. In 
puttmg the shot and throwing the hammer, if the contestant 
steps outside the circle when making a delivery, it constitutes 
a foul; also stepping out of the front half of the circle consti- 
tutes a foul. The measurement in a weight-puttmg event is 
from the first break in the earth made by the sphere to the 
inner edge of the iron or wooden circle. In measuring a broad 
jump you measure from the neaiest break in the earth made 
by the contestant's heel to the toe-board, but. in making the 
attempt, should the jumper fall back, you measure from where 
his body or hand touched the ground nearest to the toe-board. 

Protest against a competitor or competitors can be made to 
the games committee or to the referee during the meeting. 

The finish of a race is when any part of the winner's body, 
except his hands or arms, shall reach the finish line. The tape 
stretched across between the finish posts is not the finish line, 
it IS merely placed there to guide the judges*m arriving at a 
decision. The finish line is a whitewash mark drawn across the 
course at right angles to the sides of the track. When two 
athletes run a dead heat in a track event they cannot toss. 
They must compete again. 

In handicap jumping contests, when there is a tie, the com- 
petitor receiving the least allowance wins. In case a tie occurs 
in a scratch contest, three additional trials at each height will 
be given, and the bar lowered until one shall clear it. In case 
of a second tie, the contestant wins who clears the bar with the 
least number of trials. 

The order of events in the scratch events shall follow the 
printed programme. In handicap field events the man with 
the greatest allowance makes the first trial and the scratch 
man the last. 

The field judges shall decide at what height a jump shall 
commence. Each contestant receives three trials at each height. 

A foul jump m the running broad jump is when the contest- 



108 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

ant oversteps the joist and makes a mark on the ground in 
front of it, or runs over the Hne without jumping. The latter 
is what constitutes a foul without result. 

The club giving the games shall furnish poles in the pole- 
vaulting contest. An athlete can furnish his private pole, how- 
ever, and no contestant shall be allowed to use it. 

The matter of timekeeping is of very great importance. The 
rule is to time with one-fifth-second watches, and the time- 
keeper must be a man who has a quick eye and a quick move- 
ment, for the simple reason that the very moment he notices 
the smoke of the pistol he starts his watch, and when the runner 
reaches the tape he must stop the watch instantly, for then 
he has completed his journey, and any loss of time in stopping 
the watch will be a disadvantage to the runner. Novice timers 
must be particular to start their watches from the smoke instead 
of from the sound of the pistol, for obvious reasons. In the 
case of time-allowance handicaps, the timekeeper must make 
up a table and start the limit man first and the other men ac- 
cording to their respective allowances; for example, in the 
mile walk A receives 50 seconds; B, 40 seconds; C, 30 seconds; 
and D is on scratch. A is started and given 10 seconds on B; 
B gets 10 seconds on C, and C gets 30 seconds on D; the 
watch then showing 50 seconds, which the limit man gets 
on D. 

No record performance will be allowed unless timed by at 
least three official timekeepers, and no record will be accepted 
unless made in open competition. 

A man loses his novice -standing the minute he wins a prize, 
and he cannot compete in any other novice race; it is imma- 
terial when the entries closed. In other words, if a man enters 
in a novice race at a set of games, and the first event should 
be a 60-yard run handicap, and he finishes second and wins a 
prize, he cannot compete m a subsequent novice race. 

It is necessary for the Games Committee to look after all the 
appurtenances of the meeting. 

No professional contest or exhibition shall be allowed at any 
games held under the auspices of the A. A. U.. except that 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 10^ 

regularly employed instructors may take part in exhibitions 
with their pupils. 

A contestant should be properly attired, and it is the duty 
of the clerk of the course to see that this rule is obeyed. 

An open event is an event that is open to more than one 
club, school, college or organization. 

It is too bad that some plan cannot be perfected whereby 
the public would be given a chance to witness the athletic 
games without being interfered with by a lot of unnecessary 
officials and unruly contestants. Several of the best r.thletic 
meetings held in New York City recently have been ruined by 
officials and contestants, whose only object seemed to be to 
obstruct the view of the spectators, and the time is not far 
distant when, if conditions do not change, the Amateur Athletic 
Union will be forced to pass a law limiting the number of 
officials that can be on the field. The directors of athletic 
games should station a man at all points where it is possible 
to gain entrance to the inner field, and refuse to let anyone in 
who has not a right to enter. The marshal should be one of 
the most important officials at athletic games, and some plan 
should be arranged whereby the contestants, after their event 
is over, should immediately leave the infield and not obstruct 
the view of the spectators. 



110 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



SUGGESTIONS FOR OFFICIALS 

The following letter, sent by Referee J. E. Sullivan, to officials 
of the Intercollegiate A.A.A.A. meeting, held at the Harvard 
Stadium, May 31-June i, 1907, applies so equally well to the 
conduct of all athletic meetings that it has been reproduced 
herewith. 

TO OFFICIALS 

Intercollegiate A.A.A.A. Meeting, May 31-JuNE i, 1907. 
Dear Sir: 

The annual track and field championship meeting of the 
Intercollegiate Association of Amateur Athletes of America is 
to be held, as you know, in the Harvard Stadium, Cambridge, 
Mass., on Friday, May 31, and Saturday, June i, 1907, and as 
you have been selected to officiate on both of these days your 
co-operation with the Executive Committee and the Referee to 
make this meeting a perfect field meeting, from a managerial 
standpoint, is earnestly requested. This can be accomplished if 
all work together with a recognized plan and, therefore, at the 
request of President John J. Rowe, of the Intercollegiate 
A.A.A.A,, and Gustavus T. Kirby, Chairman Advisory 
Committee, the Referee has set forth certain points and inter- 
pretations in relation to the various events that are not fully 
explained in the Handbook. Most of these instructions are 
thoroughly familiar to the officials selected, but to make them 
complete as possible every point that could be foreseen has been 
included. 

The officials have been selected for their respective positions 
because the Executive Committee believes they are the best 
men qualified to fill the same, but nevertheless, it is expected 
that any official selected will willingly fill some other position, 
or positions, should circumstances warrant the change. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. HI 

The games commence promptly at 2 P. M. each day, with the 
heats of the 100 yards run, trials of the shot, high and broad 
jumps and pole vault. There will be more or- less delay on 
Friday in arranging the heats, which will be done by the 
Referee. There will also be some delay in getting the field 
events under way on Friday, owing to the large number of 
entries, and therefore it is good judgment for all the officials 
to be on the grounds at 1 145 o'clock. They will receive their 
badges from an officer of the Intercollegiate Association, or 
some one designated by the Executive Committee, and it is 
especially requested that the officials refrain from asking for 
badges for their friends, who no doubt would like to help out, 
as it is the desire of the Executive Committee to keep the field 
clear this year of all but the actual competitors and officials 
that have been selected. 

The Field Judges, upon their arrival in the Stadium, will find 
a Fairbanks standard scales and a measuring board. They will 
at once weigh each implement for the field events and measure 
the hammer. Each miplement (if correct) should be marked 
with a stripe of white paint and immediately after the meas- 
uring and weighing the groundsman must remove from the field 
all implements not so marked. This weighing and measuring 
must be repeated on Saturday, prior to the games. The Field 
Judges must also be careful to measure the hammers after they 
have been thrown a few times, for a case is on record where 
the hammer handle stretched several inches. This is one thing 
the measurers should watch for and be very careful about. 

On Friday the Field Judges will give to each contestant three 
trials, the best five to go in the finals on Saturday, Great 
care must be exercised by the officials in watching out for fouls. 
The shot is put from a wooden, iron or whitewashed circle, 
7 feet in diameter. It is a foul put when a part of the 
contestant's foot goes on the circle. He is allowed seven feet, 
and the seven feet is measured from the inside of the circle, 
not from the outside. Frequently, in shot putting, the contestant 
will try to take up all the space he can. Many put their right 
foot on the circle. It should not be allowed and is a foul put 



112 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

if they do. Some shot putters will go to the toe board, not hit 
the toe board, but go to the side of the toe board, landing on 
the whitewashed mark or on the steel ring. That put is foul. 
Be careful in watching to bear in mind that a man can go to 
the toe board and leave the print of the spikes of his shoes 
against the toe board, but if he goes on top of the board it is a 
foul put. A whitewashed line should be marked through the 
7-foot circle, showing the front half and the rear half of the 
circle. Touching the ground forward of the front half of the 
circle before the put is measured is a foul. That means walking 
out the front half of the circle before the put is measured. It 
means if a man loses his balance and touches the ground in 
front of the circle it is a foul put, and if a competitor, in 
putting the shot, has one foot on the top of the toe board it is 
a foul put. He can go to the toe board and touch it for a 
brace, but he cannot put his foot on top of it. He must also 
remember that if he touches the ground outside of the circle 
with any portion of his body while the shot is in his hands it 
is a foul. 

THROWING THE HAMMER. 
Be sure that the head and handle is not more than four feet 
and that it does not weigh less than sixteen pounds. It is also 
a good thing to have some tacks and strips of lead handy; in 
case shot and hammer are light weight they can be brought up 
to the proper weight. These hammers and shots, when so 
weighted, must be carefully watched to see that the weight so 
added does not come ofif. The hammer is thrown from a 7-foot 
circle and the contestant must not put his foot on the circle. 
He must start inside of the circle. If a contestant starts to 
swing the hammer and lets it go, it is considered a throw and it 
is a foul; if he starts to swing himself and does not let the 
hammer go out of his hands, but steps outside of the circle or 
on the circle, it is a foul. If, in making an attempt, the hammer 
breaks, he is allowed another trial; that has been an established 
rul^ — although not in the handbook it has been passed upon by 
the Executive Committee. This does not mean if the hammer 



SPALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 113 

breaks when it lands. It means if the hammer breaks m his 
bands, while making the attempt. The head has been known 
to snap off in this way. A line must be whitewashed through 
the center of the circle, showing the front and the rear half of 
the circle. This has not been done in the past and has left too 
much to the imagination of the officials. If a contestant walks 
out or falls out the front half before his put is measured it is a 
foul. Always bear in mind that the circle is 7 feet in diameter, 
measured from the inside of the circle, not from the outside, 
and if a contestant steps on the circle it is a foul. 

THE FIELD JUDGES ON THE BROAD JUMP. 
The Field Judges will commence the competition promptly at 
2 P. M. on Friday. Each man will be allowed three trials and 
the best five will go in the finals on Saturday, the best four 
baving three additional trials. The Field Judges must see that 
the dirt in the box is absolutely spirit level with the take-off 
board. Stepping over the take-off board is a try. If a contestant 
touches the earth in front of the take-off board with the spikes 
of his shoes or with his shoes it is a try, not measured ; in 
other words, a foul. The earth in front of the take-off board 
must be dug to the depth of three inches. If a contestant 
jumps and falls back, measure from that part of his body that 
is nearest to the take-off board. If he lands and then jumps 
to the side, on the grass or on the earth back of where he 
landed, measure to the place where he landed. Measurers must 
see that the workman who is there to rake up the ground rakes 
it absolutely level, and great care must be exercised by the 
measurer that the measuring tape lies exactly flat ; there must be 
no little hills of dirt to raise it. 

FIELD JUDGES ON THE HIGH JUMP. 
Each contestant is allowed three trials at each height, and the 
measurers are to decide the height of the bar; the contestants 
bave absolutely nothing whatever to do with it. A contestant 
■can omit any height, but he cannot have the bar lowered to 
try at the beight that he omitted. After a contestant has 



114 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

answered his name and taken one trial at a given height he 
cannot omit the other two trials, but must continue and tinish 
his three trials at the height he commenced, unless called to 
compete on the track or in some other field event. The question 
of moving uprights will be decided by the Executive Committee 
at a meeting to be held in the near future. This point has 
heretofore caused a great deal of trouble, owing to the fact that 
each contestant seems to think that it is necessary for him to 
change the position of the uprights. Definite instructions 
regarding the matter will be given to the officials either on the 
day of the meeting or sooner. 

THE JUDGES AT THE POLE VAULT. 

The measurer shall decide on the height of the bar at each 
successive elevation. The contestants have nothing whatever to 
say about it. Two balks shall count as a try. The point has 
been brought before the Executive Committee at previous meet- 
ings, and it has been decided that should a contestant break his 
pole it will not be considered a try. The Judges must carefully 
watch each man's vault to see that his lower hand is not raised 
over the other during the vault ; he can bring his lower hand 
up to his other hand, but not over it ; he cannot raise the upper 
hand. Competitors are allowed to dig holes if they so desire. 
The Judges should see, before the competition begins, that 
take-oflf ground is spirit level, so that in case of a record the 
measuring will be easy. 

The pegs must be set in the uprights perfectly straight and 
not extend out over two inches, and must be kept the same 
distance during the entire competition. The cross-bar should be 
marked "Top" and "Bottom," and as it is replaced after each 
jump the side marked "Top" must be turned up. H this is not 
done it may make a dilTerence of one-half or one-eighth of an 
inch. 

In all field events the officials shall excuse a contestant if he 
is called for a track event, or other field event, and after the 
event he shall be allowed his missed trials. The Field Judges 
shall instruct the contestants that any unnecessary delay on 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 115 

their part will be considered b_v the Field Judges and a try 
counted. Of course, the Field Judges will use good judgment 
in this particular new rule before they call a try on one of the 
contestants. 

TO ALL FIELD JUDGES. 

Bear in mind that there is no law that calls for trial jumps, 
trial puts, or trial throws. If the contestants want a little 
practice let them take the field at i -.30 P. ]\I. and have a half- 
hour's practice. At 2 P. M. promptly stop all trials and 
commence the competition. In the Broad Jump have a tape 
stretch on the ground (the runway to the take-ofif) and let 
each man get his mark. In other words, try to have all prac- 
ticing and marking done before 2 P. M. 

The Judges at the finish will pick the men in the order of 
their names on the program. Two shall stand at one end of 
the tape and two at the other. In case of a disagreement the 
Judges shall constitute themselves a jury and the majority shall 
decide. It is good judgment for the Judges to watch the finish, 
I, 2, 3, in the different races, so that they can give evidence, if 
necessary, and they should bear in mind that the finish is not 
at the tape, it is a line on the ground drawn across the track 
from post to post, and a contestant shall not be considered to 
have finished his race unless his entire body crosses the line. 
If a man falls, of course, and part of his body is on the line, 
that is not a finish. 

Three timekeepers shall record the time, two on one side and 
one on the other. A substitute watch shall always be used, 
but the three timers only shall serve, so that should a record 
be made the time can be official. The timers shall make it a 
point to see that they are not obstructed and that they are 
directly in line with the tape. 

THE CLERK OF THE COURSE. 

The Clerk of the Course shall designate to his assistants their 

work. He shall, promptly at i 150 P. AI. each day, either 

himself personally or through one of his assistants, call the 

competitors. He, or his assistant, shall check off. • The competi- 



116 SrALDINGS ATHLETIC LIBRAKl. 

tors shall bear in mind this rule : they must, upon arriving at 
the grounds, report to the Clerk of the Course, or his assistant 
or representative, and the contestant must inform himself of 
the time of each event in which he competes. The excuse that 
he has not been called will not be considered a reasonable 
excuse, and the Clerk of the Course will see that no competitor 
starts without his proper number. 

Rule VII. holds the Clerk of the Course responsible for the 
appearance of the contestants at the proper time for each event. 
Rule X. says that the contestants must report promptly at the 
•start of each race without waiting to be notified. Notwith- 
standing this, it is the duty of the Clerk of the Course and 
his assistants to see that each event is properly announced at 
least five minutes before the event is called, and after the Clerk 
of the Course is assured that his assistants have made the 
•official call he must not hold back the event, must not detain 
the checking up of the contestants ; he must do it at once and 
turn the athletes over to the Starter. At some college meets 
this year this matter' has not been managed particularly well. 
.At nearly all of them there have been unnecessary delays, due 
to the fact that the contestants did not respond promptly to 
the call of the Clerk of the Course. In dual meets perhaps 
there may be some excuse. At this meeting there will be no 
vcxcuse and none will be taken. Each college should make it a 
point to see that some one interested in it keeps posted and gets 
the men out at the proper time. Programs will be printed 
intelligently and the order of the events is set forth in the 
Intercollegiate A.A.A.A. handbook that accompanies this letter, 
,and it is to be hoped that the contestants will help the officials 
>to do their duty. 

The contestants must bear in mind that no attendants what- 
ever are allowed on the infield, nor can they accompany a 
■ competitor to the mark or to the events, either track or field. 

THE STARTER. 
The two Starters have had assigned to them the events that 
.they are to start. After tlie Clerk of the Course is through 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 117 

with the men he will turn them over to the Starter. It is to 
be hoped that they will not bother the men with unnecessary 
speeches, but will get the event off as soon as possible. 

THE CHIEF SCORER. 
The Chief Scorer shall assign his assistants and they are the 
ones to call the contestants for their trials. The scorer shall,, 
in the field events, keep a complete record of all the trials, and 
it is his duty to announce the name of the next contestant and 
then call the one that follows, so that there will be no delay. 
There shall be a scorer at the start of each race and one at the 
finish, so as to get a complete record of all the contestants that 
start and all that finish. 

THE INSPECTORS. 

The Inspectors are assistants to the Referee. They will assist 
him in detecting fouls, or interference during a race. These 
inspectors are important officials. At previous meetings, there 
has been a great deal of pushing and jostling in the start of 
the one-mile, the half-mile, the quarter-mile and the two-mile 
races. This year it must be stopped. There will be three 
inspectors stationed at the start of the events above mentioned. 
The contestants must understand that the colleges draw for 
their position and even if there is any advantage in the inside 
position they must not shove and push to get it; if they do, on 
the report of the inspectors, they are liable to be disqualified. 

In the hurdle race it will be the duty of the inspectors to 
see that the hurdles are all up when the contestants have finished 
their race, because in the matter of a record, if a hurdle is 
down, the record will not be allowed. This year, in case of 
ties, the points are to be divided, and the Association has 
decided how the prize shall be given to the athletes that have 
tied. 

Inspectors should also watch for team work. In previous 
meetings it has been very noticeable. It is not fair for three or 
four contestants from one college to start in a race to help a 
competitor from their college and perhaps impede another 



118 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

competitor who has as good a chance. Team work of this kind 
must be eliminated. There is no penalty for this kind of work, 
but if it occurs and is brought to the Referee's notice, he will 
recommend that the entire team be disqualified by the Executive 
Committee. It would be good judgment if the inspector, when 
competitors get to a particular bend of the track, would run 
with them for fifteen or twenty yards and watch them carefully. 

The Referee has his hands full and the meeting can only be 
made a success by all the officials working together as a unit. 
After a race has been completed it is to be hoped that interested 
collegians and contestants will not bother the Referee. He 
will, if evidence is necessary, consult with the inspectors and 
then render a decision ; it is not necessary to ask for a decision. 

Last year there were some complaints owing to the number 
of heats necessary, and it is only fair to state, however, that 
according to the law the heats must be so arranged that the 
second men in all trial heats are given the chance to run over. 

THE CHIEF FIELD JUDGE. 
There will be appointed a Chief Field Judge, who will repre- 
sent the Referee. It will be his duty to see that the field 
events are started promptly at 2 o'clock, and that there will be 
no unnecessary delay in the competition. This will materially 
assist the Referee, and if the Field Judges will ask the Chief 
Field Judge any questions he will get for them the information 
they desire. 

THE MARSHAL. 
The Marshal is absolutely responsible to the Referee and the 
Executive Committee for the control of individuals who are 
on the field when not competing. It is his duty to see that all 
competitors are requested to leave the field after the competition 
and, if possible, to prohibit officials loaning their badges to 
those who desire to go on the field to have a few moments' 
conversation with some friendly official or college mate who is 
competing. Officials should wear their badges prominently. It 
is the Marshal's duty to request each athlete to leave the infield 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 119 

as soon as he is through with his competition; in other words, 
in the high jump, the shot put, the pole vault and the broad 
jump, when a contestant has had his trials and is through, the 
Marshal should request him to at once leave the infield. It is 
not necessary for him to stay there to encourage some friend 
that is still in the competition. The officials can save themselves 
some trouble by procuring from the proper custodian their 
badges on entering the infield. The Marshal should pay 
particular attention to coaching. The Intercollegiate Associa- 
tion has no law on coaching, but, nevertheless, it is not fair, 
particularly when this coaching is from some one on the inside 
of the field that is interested; and he and his assistants should 
keep a sharp lookout for coaching. Coaching from the infield 
does not help a contestant, but contestants and others should 
bear in mind that it is not fair, that it is not wanted by the 
Intercollegiate Association and they will not have it; it must be 
stopped.. 

J. E. SULLIVAN, 

Referee. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



ORGANIZATION OF A CLUB 

The course to pursue in order to start amateur athletics 
would be to call a meeting of students and pupils of all colleges 
and schools, respectively, and, if a manufacturing town, call all 
employees, as well as others who would be likely to take an 
interest in amateur pastimes, and organize an athletic club to 
be named after your county or town. The constitution and 
by-laws of such club should be modeled on the following lines : 

CONSTITUTION 

ARTICLE I. 

NAME. 

Section i. This organization shall be known as [name 
adopted], incorporated [date]. 

OBJECT. 

Sec, 2. The object of this club shall be physical development. 

Sec. 3. Gambling and sale of liquors will not be allowed in 
gymnasium or club room. Members who are expelled for vio- 
lating this section forfeit all rights in and to the privileges, prop- 
erty and franchises of the club, but are still liable for arrears 
of dues, fees, assessments or charges previously held against 
them. The club agrees to abide by all rules and regulations 
of the Amateur Athletic Union or any of its committees. 

ARTICLE II. 

membership. 
Section i. A candidate for membership must be not less 
than 18 years of age, and can only be proposed by a member 
in good standing, upon the proposition blank issued by the 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 121 

club, which must be accompanied by the regular fee, and 
handed to the Recording Secretary at least two weeks before 
the regular meeting. 

Sec. 2. All candidates shall be voted for by ballot at the 
regular monthly meeting. 

If three (3) black balls are cast against the candidate, he shall 
be rejected and his proposition fee returned to him. 

Sec. 3. A rejected candidate cannot be proposed more than 
once in six (6) months. 



ARTICLE III. 

RIGHTS AND PRIVILEGES OF MEMBERS. 

Section i. The members of this club shall have the privi- 
lege of using the grounds and all apparatus contained within 
the club rooms or in possession of the club. 

Sec. 2. Only members in good standing shall be privileged 
to vote and are eligible to office. 

Sec. 3. Any member, to hold an office of trust or responsi- 
bility, must have been a member in good standing for three 
(3) months or more. 



ARTICLE IV. 

MEETINGS. 

Section i. The regular meetings of this club shall be held 
on the evening of the , at 8 p. m. 

Sec. 2. At the request of twelve (12) members, the Presi- 
dent may call a special meeting should any circumstance re- 
quire it. 

Written or printed notices of all special meetings shall be 
sent to each member in good standing, at least 48 hours before 
said meeting shall be held, and no business but that specified 
shall be transacted at said meeting. 

Sec. 3. Fifteen (15) members in good standing shall con- 
stitute a quorum for the transaction of business at any meeting. 



122 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

ARTICLE V. 

OFFICERS. 

Section i. The officers of this club shall consist of a Presi- 
dent, Vice-President, Recording Secretary, Financial Secre- 
tary, Treasurer, Sergeant-at-Arms and Assistant, Captain of 
Indoor Sports and Assistant, Captain of Outdoor Sports and 
Assistant, Master of Property and Assistant, and the Board of 
Trustees. 

Sec 2. The Board of Trustees shall consist of five (5) mem- 
bers. 

ARTICLE VI. 

ELECTIONS. 

Section i. All officers shall be elected annually by ballot 
(or by acclamation, should there be but one candidate) at the 
regular meeting held in of each year. 

Sec 2. In case of vacancy of any office, an election to fill 
such vacancy shall be held at the next regular meeting. 

Sec 3, Should any officer absent himself from three suc- 
cessive regular meetings, without excuse satisfactory to the 
club, the office becomes vacant, and the club shall immediately 
proceed to fill same. 

Sec 4. In case of a tie vote at any election, the club shall 
again vote; should the second ballot result in a tie, the chair- 
man's vote shall be the deciding vote. 

ARTICLE VII. 
duties of officers. 
Section i. It shall be the duty of the President to preside 
at all meetings of the club, and conduct the same according 
to the Constitution and By-Laws of this club, examine and 
sign all official documents requiring his signature, exert a gen- 
eral supervision over the interests of the club, and perform 
such other duties as are usually required of and performed by 
a presiding officer; and call special meetings according to Ar- 
ticle IV., Section 2, of this Constitution. He shall not vote. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 123 

except in case of a tie, and neither make nor second a motion 
of any kind. 

Sec. 2. It shall be the duty of the Vice-President to per- 
form all the duties of the President in case of the latter's absence, 
or when called upon by that officer. 

Sec. 3. It shall be the duty of the Recording Secretary 
to call the roll of officers; keep a correct account of the pro- 
ceedings of the club, issue all proper notices, receive and open 
all communications, and conduct all the correspondence apper- 
taining to his office; keep a blank book in which shall be re- 
corded the names of all persons rejected, suspended or expelled 
by the club, specifying for what offence such action was taken. 
He shall, for the faithful performance of his duty, receive 
per annum, payable quarterly. 

Sec. 4. The Financial Secretary shall keep a correct ac- 
count between the club and its members; collect all money 
due the club and pay the same to the Treasurer, taking receipt 
therefor. At every regular meeting he shall render a list of 
all members four months or more in arrears to the Recording 
Secretary. He shall notify all members that are liable to 
suspension or expulsion within one week previous thereto. He 
shall, for the faithful performance of his duty, receive 
per annum, payable quarterly. 

Sec. 5. The Treasurer shall receive all money collected by 
the Financial Secretary, for which he shall give his receipt, 
shall hold all money belonging to the club and pay therefrom 
all orders for money attested by the Recording Secretary, 
countersigned by the President and signed by the Board of 
Trustees. ' 

The Treasurer shall furnish a bond, the amount of which 
shall be decided by the Board of Trustees. The bond shall be 
renewed immediately after the election. The Treasurer shall, 
at no time, have on hand more than 

all money above that amount to be deposited by him in some 
bank, to be decided by the Board of Trustees, delivering the 
book to the Board of Trustees within forty-eight hours after 
having made the deposit. 



124 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY, 

He shall make a written report at every regular meeting of 
the condition of the finances. He shall, for the faithful per- 
formance of his duties, receive per annum, 
payable quarterly. 

SERGEANT-AT-ARMS AND ASSISTANT. 

Sec. 6. It shall be the duty of the Sergeant-at-Arms and 
Assistant to maintain and preserve order at all business and 
gymnastic meetings. 

INDOOR CAPTAIN AND ASSISTANT. 

Sec. 7. The Indoor Captain shall have charge of all indoor 
exercises, as per rules and regulations of gymnasium; all orders- 
and commands made by him during class hours must be coni- 
plied with; any disobedience on part of exercising members 
he will report to the club at the next regular meeting. In the 
absence of the Indoor Captain the Lieutenant shall officiate 
in his stead. 

OUTDOOR CAPTAIN AND ASSISTANT. 

Sec 8. The Outdoor Captain shall endeavor to promote 
outdoor athletic sports. It shall be his duty to handicap club 
competitions and appoint officials for same. In the absence 
of the Outdoor Captain the Assistant Captain will officiate in 
his stead. 

MASTER OF PROPERTIES AND ASSISTANT 

Sec. 9. It shall be their duty to have charge of all apparatus 
of the club, shall keep same in good order, repair or have re- 
pairing attended to, charging the same to the club. 

BOARD OF trustees 

Sec. 10. The Board of Trustees shall have charge of all the 
property, effects and assets of the club. They shall, with the 
sanction of the club, have the power to buy or sell any property 
of the club. 

To have and use a common seal and under said seal to enter 
into contracts. It shall be their duty to effect insurance on 
all property belonging to the club. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIP.RARY. 125 

They shall report the condition of the club quarterly and at 
such other times as the club may require. It shall be their 
duty to investigate the qualifications of all candidates pro- 
posed for membership, which must be approved of by a ma- 
jority of the Board. The Board of Trustees, in conjunction 
with the officers of the club, shall receive and consider all com- 
plaints of disorderly conduct. 

They shall inflict punishment on the members found guilty, 
in the following degrees ; 

First offence — Reprimanded. Second offence — Debarred 
from all the rights and privileges of the club for the term of 
two (2) months, or a fine of $1. Third offence — His name 
shall be brought up at the next regular meeting of the club to 
he expelled. 

In the case of a member of the Board of Trustees absenting 
himself from three consecutive meetings, without valid excuse, 
his office shall be declared vacant and his place filled by ballot 
at the next monthly meeting of the club. Any member to be 
•eligible to Trusteeship must be 18 years of age. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

COLORS AND UNIFORM 

Section i. The colors of this club shall be 
The uniform of the club shall consist of 

Sec. 2. The emblem shall be a 

Sec. 3. Any member representing this club at any com- 
petition, when entered by the club, must wear the club uni- 
form, as described in Sec. i of this Article. 

ARTICLE IX. 

amendments or repeal. 
Section i. This Constitution may be amended or repealed 
by a two-third vote of the members present at a regular meet- 
ing; provided that a copy of the proposed amendments shall 
have been handed to the Secretary and read at a previous 
mieeting and that all members be notified thereof. 



126 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

BY-LAWS 

ARTICLE I- 

Section I. The regular dues of this club shall be 
per month. 

Sec. 2. Any member in arrears of dues to the amount of 
shall be notified, and unless giving a satisfactory- 
explanation shall be expelled. 

Sec. 3. Any member being fined or assessed, or who is in- 
debted to the club for balb picnic or excursion tickets, and 
neglects to pay the same within months, shall be im- 

mediately notified by the Financial Secretary, and should he 
fail to pay at the next regular meeting, his name shall be pre- 
sented to the club for action; the penalty for this offence shall 
be fine, suspension or. expulsion, as the club may decide. 

ARTICLE II. 

RESIGNATION. 

Section i. Any resignation of membership must be made 
in writing, but no resignation shall receive any consideration 
by the club until arrears, if any. have been paid, according to 
Article I., Sections 2 and 3 of the By-Laws. 

ARTICLE III. 
Section i. The Board of Trustees shall have legal title to 
all the property of the club, should the same become insolvent 
or disorganized. 

ARTICLE IV. 
Section i. Any member requesting to be suspended, and 
giving a satisfactory reason in writing, may. upon the decision 
of the club, be suspended for a specified time. 

ARTICLE V. 
reinstatement. 
Section i. Any member stricken from the roll on account 
of being in arrears, may be reinstated by paying up all his in- 



SrALDlNGS ATIILETK" LinUARY. 121 

debtedness to the club, but must be elected by a two-third 
vote of all the members present at a meeting. 



ARTICLE VI. 

FINES. 

Section i. Any member failing to notify the Recording 
Secretary of the change of his address, within thirty (30) days, 
shall be fined 

ARTICLE VII. 

HONORARY MEMBERS. 

Section i. Honorary membership may be conferred by the 
majority vote of the club; he shall have all the privileges, but 
no voice or vote in the club, cannot be eligible for office, shall 
not be liable for dues, nor attend meetings. He may become 
an active member by the payment of dues from the date of his 
application. 

ARTICLE VIII. 

ENTRIES. 

Section i. Any member competing in an open competition 
sanctioned by the A. A. U., when not entered by the club, shall 
pay his own entrance fee. 



ARTICLE IX. 

visitors. 
Section i. Visitors must be vouched for or accompanied 
by a member. shall be visitors' night. 

ARTICLE X. 

damage to property. 
Section i. Damage to property shall be paid for by any 
person or persons wilfully causing same. 



128 SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

ARTICLE XI. 

AMENDMENTS. 

Section i. These By-Laws may be amended or repealed, 
according to Article IX., Section i, of the Constitution. 

ARTICLE XII. 

DISSOLUTION. 

Section i. This club shall in no wise be dissolved as long as 
members shall be in favor of its continuance. 

ARTICLE XIII. 

ORDER OF BUSINESS. 

1. Opening. 

2. Roll-call of officers and trustees. 

3. Readmg the minutes of the previous meeting. 

4. Proposal and election of new members. 

5. Election of Officers and Trustees. 

6. Reports of various committees. 

7. Reading of correspondence. 

8. Report of Financial Secretary. 

9. Report of Treasurer. 

10. Unfinished business. 

11. New business. 

12. Adjournment. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



OFFICIAL RULES FOR ALL ATHLETIC 
SPORTS 



The following list contains the Group and the Number of the 
book of Spalding's Athletic Library in which the rules wanted 
are contained. See front pages of book for complete list of 
Spalding's Athletic Library. 

Group. No. 
English Rugby Foot Ball Rules; Olympic Games Events 
— Marathon Race, Stone Throwing with Impetus, 
Spear Throwing, Hellenic Method of Throwing the 
Discus — Throwing the Discus, Greek Style, for 
Youths; English Water Polo Rules; Water Push Ball: 
Sack Racing; Wall Scaling; Three-Legged Race; 
Shuffleboard Rules; Rules for Snowshoeing; Sheffield 
Rules for the Government of Professional Racing; 
Rules Governing Dog Racing; Hitch and Kick; Laws 
of Boat Racing; Revolver Shooting; Pigeon Flving 

Rules 12 55 

Hand Ball Rules 1 1 13 

Curling Rules 11 14 

Canoeing Rules 13 23 

Boat Racing Rules 13 128 

Water Polo — American Rules 10 129 

Croquet Rules 1 1 138 

American Field Hockey — Association Rules 6 154 

Boxing — A. A. U. Rules, Marquis of Queensbury Rules, 

London Prize Ring Rules 14 162 

Rules of Amateur Fencers' League. 14 165 

Rules for Quoits n 167 

Push Ba'l Rules • • • " no 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



Gkoitp No, 



7: 



Rules for Swimming; Rules for Plunge for Distance... 13 

Ring Hockey Rules 6 180 

Rules for the Individual All-Round Athletic Champion- 
ship 12 182 

• Rules for American Lawa Hockey: Rules for Tether 
Tennis Rules for Golf Croquet; Rules for Hand 
Tennis; Rules for Volley Ball: Rules for Hand Polo: 
Rules tor Wicket Polo; Laws of Badminton; Rules 
for Drawing- Room Hockey: Rules for Garden 

Hockey Rules for Basket Goal 6 1S8 

Rl^iles for Children s Games 11 189 

Racquet Rules; Squash Rules; Court Tennis Rules; 

Hand Tennis Rules 11 194 

American Equestrian Polo Rules 10 199 

Intercollegiate Lacrosse Association Rules' National 

Amateur Lacrosse Union of Canada Rules 11 201 

Base Ball Rules for Boys i 202 

Rules for Lawn Bowls 11 207 

Figure Skating Rules 13 20Q 

Wrestling — A. A. U, Rules: Catch-as-Catch-Can Rules. 14 236 

Association Foot Ball Rules 2 237 

A. A. U. Athletic Rules; A. A. U. Bo.xing Rules: A. A. 
U. Wrestling Rules; A. A. U. Gymnastic Rule.>: 
National Cross Country Association Rules; Amateur 
Fencers' League Rules; Rules for Plunge for Distance; 
American Rules of Water Polo; Potato Racing Rules 12 241 
Y. M. C. A. Athletic Rules: V. M. C. A. Pentathlon 
Rules; Y M. C. A. All-Round Test; Y. M. C. A. 
Hand Ball Rules; Y. M C. A. Volley Ball Rules.. . . 12 24^- 
Rules and Regulations of the American Bowling Con- 
gress 8 ?49 

Ontario Rugby Foot Ball Union Rules: Quebec Rugby 
Foot Ball Union Rules: Canadian Intercollegiate 

Foot Ball Union Rules 2 283 

Ontario Hockey Association Rules 6 256 

Base Ball Rules ,.,,.,.,..,,,,,, i i 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Group No 

National Indoor Base Ball Association Rules 9 9 

Women's Basket Ball Rules 7 260 

Hockey — American Amateur Hockey League Laws; 
Canadian Amateur Hockey League Laws; Ontario 

Hockey Association Rules 6 263 

Roller Polo Rules; Roller Skating Rink Rules 10 10 

Laws of Lawn Tennis 4 4 

Laws ot Cricket 3 3 

U. S. Intercollegiate Lacrosse League Rules — 268 

I. C. A. A. A. A. Athletic League Rules. 12 292 

Roque Rules 11 271 

Official Foot Ball Rules. . , 2 2 

Official Rules, United States Golf Association 5 276 

Collegiate Basket Ball Rules. . 7 278 

Official Basket Ball Rules 7 7 

Public Schools Athletic League Athletic Rules 12 281 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



WHAT TO WEAR FOR ATHLETICS 

The manner in which competing athletes are dressed means 
a good deal to the athlete and to the spectators as well at an 
athletic meeting. If the spectators see a man come on the 
athletic field with unkempt uniform, one is apt to go away with 
a rather poor opinion of athletes in general. Therefore, it is 
certainly important that the athlete and the club official should 
see that the contestants are properly clothed. 

The athlete should always dress neatly and keep his costume 
clean and in proper shape. We note how careful actors are of 
their personal appearance and clothing, especially when on the 
stage. The athlete ,to a certain extent, occupies a similar posi- 
tion when competing in athletic contests. All eyes are riveted 
upon him, and to the public he is a sort of a hero. And the 
athlete who does keep himself properly — neat and clean — makes 
friends, even if he is not known personally to the audience. 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, for over thirty years have been makers 
of athletic apparel, and make the most suitable goods for ath- 
letic contests. And so well *is this fact recognized by the 
champion athletes that few of them wear anything but Spal- 
ding uniforms. Nearly all the important teams that have won 
honors in international competitions in recent years have had 
their uniforms furnished by A. G. Spalding & Bros. This was 
noticeable with the last American team which scored such a 
glorious victory in the Olympic games at Athens in 1906. 

Another point of interest to all is the fact that Spalding 
supplies equipment for all known sports and pastimes, and has 
clothing to suit the athletes; it is immaterial whether they are 
schoolboys or champions. It is not the intention in this short 
article to go into details for each and every article contained in 
Spalding's Catalogue, but a glance at the same will convince 
one that there is absolutely nothing lacking. And they can 
rest assured that if Spalding sells it, it is correct. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Athletes should make it a point to have two suits of athletic 
apparel, one for competition and one for practice purposes. 
The clothing that some of our crack athletes wear in competi- 
tion is a disgrace to athletics, and it adds a great deal to an 
athlete's appearance to appear neat and clean when taking part 
in athletic competition. In practice within one's club or 
grounds, almost any kind of clothing can be used. A sprinter 
should have two pairs of running shoes, one a very heavy pair 
for practicing in (the cross-country shoe, No. 14C, makes a 
very good shoe for this purpose, and can be had with or with- 
out spikes on heels), and a hght pair for racing. One of che 



No. 2-0. No. 14C. 

best professional sprinters that ever wore a shoe made it a 
point to train for all his races in very heavy sprinting shoes. 
Aside from the benefit that is claimed for practicing in heavy 
shoes, you always feel as though you have a pair of shoes that 
will be ready for any race that is scheduled, and bear in mind 
it does not pay to buy athletic implements or clothing that are 
cheap. They don't wear and cannot give you the service that 
you will get from articles that are official and made by a repu- 
table house. 

It is very important that the beginner in athletics should 
know what to wear for the different sports. The cross-country 



sl'ALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

THnner requires a shoe with a low, broad heel, and spikes in sole 
of shoe; he can have spikes in the heel or not, just as it suits 
him. A pair of Spalding No. 14C shoes, which are made of 
the finest kangaroo leather, and used by all the prominent cross- 
country runners, cost $5.50 per pair. A sprinter will require a 
pair of sprinting shoes, No. 2-O, that retail for $5.50. The 
sweater. No. A, of finest Austrahan lamb's wool, was made 
originally by special order for the Yale foot-ball team, is now 
used by all college athletes, is one of the best in the market, 
andsells for $6; athletic shirt. No. 600, at $1.25 ; running pants. 




No.. 10. No. IIT. 

No. 3, at 75 cents; a supporter is very essential for an athlete, 
and nearly all the champions use them; No. 5 is the most suit- 
able one, and retails at 75 cents; a pair of corks will cost the 
athlete 15 cents; pushers for the running shoes, 25 cents. This 
cornplete outfit costs $14.65. 

The second quahty of the same line of goods can be bought 
as follows- Sprinting shoes. No. 10, $4.50; sweater. No. B, $5; 
shirt. No. 6E, 50 cents; pants, No. 4, 50 cents; supporter. No. 
2, 50 cents; corks. No. i, 15 cents; pushers. No. 5, 25 cents. 
This second-grade outfit costs $11.40. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

The pole-vaulter will want the same outfit, with the excep- 
tion of a pair of jumping shoes, No. i4H, which sell for $5.50, 
and a pair of wrist supporters, No. 200, which can be bought 
for 40 cents. The best pole on the market for athletic pur- 
poses is the 16-foot Spalding pole. This pole is made of hollow 
spruce, thus being much lighter, and, owing to a special prepara- 
tion with which it is filled, the strength and stiffness is greatly 
increased. It retails for $10; a 14-foot pole, hollow retails for 
$9.50, and the solid for $6. Usually the vaulter will wrap the 
pole to suit his own taste. 




No. 14H. No. 11. 

The high jumper and the broad jumper will want an outfit 
as follows: Jumping shoes, No. 14H, $5.50; sweater. No. A, $6; 
shirt, No. 600, $1.25; pants, No. 3, 75 cents; supporter. No. 5, 
75 cents; corks, No. i, 15 cents; pushers. No. 5, 25 cents. 

An outfit with several of the articles of a cheaper grade than 
the above costs: Jumpmg shoes, No. 14H, $5.50; sweater. No. 
B, $5; shirt, No. 6E, 50 cents; pants. No. 4, 50 cents; supporter, 
No. 2, 50 cents; corks. No. i, 15 cents; pushers. No. 5, 25 cents. 

The man who throws the weights will require the same wear- 
ing apparel as the pole-vaulter or the runner. John Flanagan 
and James Mitchel, two of the greatest weight throwers in the 
vvorld, wear what is known as the No 14H shoe, with a short 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

Spike, which retails for $5.50. It is very essential that the 
weight-thrower should have his own implements; in fact, nearly 
all the champion weight-throwers carry their own weights with 
them and guard them jealously. 

Among athletes and frequenters of gymnasiums and those 
athletically inclined, sleeveless and quarter-sleeve shirts have 
become popular. Spalding also has different styles of knee 
pants, supporters, running and jumping shoes, and b^ow we 
give for the athlete's information some selections for athletic 
equipment. 




No. 210— Indoor Running Shoe. 

In sleeveless shirts, Spalding furnishes No. 600, a very satis- 
factory style, at $1.25. This grade is made of cut worsted, 
and is furnished in navy blue, maroon, and black, in sizes 
from 26 to 42 inches chest. A similar shirt to this, but quarter- 
sleeve instead of sleeveless, is the Spalding No. 601. the price 
of which is also $1.25 each. In best-grade worsted, full-fash- 
ioned, the Spalding No. lE shirt is recommended. The price 
of this is $3 each; and a similar shirt, quarter-sleeve, No. iF, 
is also $3 each. These best-grade worsted shirts are made in 
black, navy blue, and maroon, in sizes from 26 to 42 inches chest. 

Spalding also furnishes sleeveless and quarter-sleeve shirts 
made of sanitary cotton. The No. 6E sleeveless shirt, of cot- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

ton, costs 50 cents each, and is furnished in bleached white, 
navy blue, black, maroon, and in sizes from 26 to 44 inches 
chest measure, and a similar shirt in quarter-sleeve is No. 6F 
and is also 50 cents each. 

Knee pants, corresponding in grade to the above shirts, 
are furnished by Spalding also, No. 604 costing $1 25 per pnir, 
and furnished m same colors as the shirts and m sizes 28 to 
42 inches waist. In the best worsted. Spalding furnishes No. 
iB at $3 per pair; these are supplied in black, navy blue, and 
maroon, in sizes from 28 to 42 inches waist measurement. 
In sanitary cotton, the No. 4B knee tights, at 50 cents per pair, 




Sleeveless Shirt. 



Running- Pants. 



Quarter Sleeve Shirt. 



are furnished in bleached white, navy blue, black, and maroon, 
in sizes from 26 to 42 inches waist measurement. 

With many athletes the new sleeveless shirts, with a four- 
inch stripe around chest are becoming more popular than plain 
colors. Spalding furnishes these shirts in the following com- 
binations of colors: navy blue with white stripe, black with 
orange stripe, maroon with white stripe, red with black stripe, 
royal blue with white stripe, and black with red stripe. These 
sleeveless shirts are Spalding's No. 600S, which cost $1.50 
each. A similar shirt to the No. 600S. but made of sanitary 
cotton, in solid colors and four-inch stripe around chest, in 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

same combination of colors as the No. 6ooS, is the Spalding 
No. 6ES, which costs 75 cents each. 

Also another very popular style is the sleeveless shirt with 
cotton sash of different color. Spalding has two styles, one 
of the best worsted, full-fashioned, in black, navy blue, and 
maroon, with sash of any color desired; this is the No. i ER, 
at $5 each. A cheaper grade, made of sanitary cotton, in 
solid colors, and sash of different color, is furnished in the same 
combination of colors as the No. 600S shirt mentioned above, 
and the price of the sanitary cotton shirt, with different colored 
sash, No. 6ED, is 75 cents each. 

For full pants used by bicycle riders, etc., Spalding has 
three different grades of the best worsted, full-fashioned, fur- 




Chamois Pushers, 



nished in black, navy blue, and maroon. They have their No. 
I A at $4 per pair, in sizes from 28 to 42 inches waist measure- 
ment, and in the same colors. They supply their No. 605 full 
tights, made of cut worsted, for $2 per pair. They also have 
full tights of sanitary cotton, furnished in white, black, and 
fresh colors, in sizes from 26 to 42 inches waist, for $1 per pair; 
these are their No. 3 A. 

Running pants are used by a great majority of athletes for 
one purpose or another. The name applies simply to one use 
to which they are put, as they are quite suitable for field ath- 
letes, and also are used in many cases for gymnasium wear. 

Spalding supplies running pants in four different qualities; 
No. I, of white or black sateen fly front, lace back, costing 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

$1.25 per pair: No. 2, of slightly cheaper quality sateen, costing 
$1 per pair; No. 3, of white and black silesia, costing 75 cents 
per pair; and No 4, 50 cents per pair. Stripes down the sides 
of any of these running pants cost 25 cents per pair extra. 

Recognizin'g the need of some kind of athletic wear that 
would be suitable at the same time for use as underwear during 
the heated term especially, but throughout the year if desired, 
Spalding has put out special cotton-mesh athletic underwear 
at reasonable prices, which, it is believed, will be recognized as 
filling this need. The quahty of each article is very satis- 
factory, indeed, and they are nicely finished. The prices for 
these articles are: No. 15, white cotton-mesh sleeveless shirt, 
$1 each; No. 15P, white cotton -mesh knee pants, $1.50 per 
pair; No. loE, natural cotton-mesh sleeveless shirt, $1.50 
each; No. loEP, natural cotton-mesh knee pants, at $1.50 per 
pair. The shirts are supplied in sizes 26 to 44-inch chest and 
the knee pants in sizes 28 to 42 inches waist. 

Spalding also furnishes a very satisfactory knee pants for 
the same purpose, made of special twilled cotton, durable in 
quality, and at the same time extremely light in weight. These 
are: No, 280, white basket.weave cotton knee pants, the 
price of which is 60 cents each per pair; and No. 216, white 
twill cotton knee pants, very light and cool, at $r per pair. 
These are furnished in sizes from 28 to 42 inches waist meas- 
urement. 

Spaldmg furnishes the most complete line of athletic jerseys 
and sweaters, made up of best quality, which look well and 
wear like iron. The prices are in every case regulated according 
to the cost of production. The full particulars are described 
in the Spalding catalogue, which will be mailed upon appli- 
cation from any Spalding store. The prices of the various 
styles of jerseys manufactured by Spalding are: No. iP, 
$4 each — solid colors, furnished in navy blue, black, maroon, 
and gray; No. iPS, same quality as No. iP, but in a great 
variety of colors, with 2 inch stripe, throughout. The price of 
No. iPS is $4.50 each. No. loP, solid colors, $2^.75 each; 
No. loPS, same quality as loP, but with 2-inch stripe through- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRAE! . 

out, in a great variety of colors, $3.25 each; No. loPW, same 
quality as No. loP, but with 6-inch stripe around, at $3.25 
each; and No. loPX, also same quahty as roP, but with solid 
colors and alternate-stripe sleeves, $3 each; No. 12P, soHd 
colors, costs $2.25 each; No. 12PX, same quality as 12P, but 
with sleeves striped alternately, $2.50 each- and No. 12PV, 
same quality as 12P, but with V-shaped neck instead of full- 
collar neck, $2.50 each. 

The Spalding No. AA sweater costs $8 each; and No. A,, 
slightly lighter in weight, $6 each; No. B, at $5, and No. C, at 
$4. These sweaters are all furnished in white, navy blue, 
black, gray, and maroon, in sizes from 28 to 44 inches. A 
cheaper grade, of sweater, known as the Shaker style, is also 
furnished by Spalding — No. i, same weight as No. A, costs 
$5.50; No. 2, same weight as No. B $4.50; and No. 3, same 
weight as No. C, $3.50. 

Jacket sweaters are becoming more popular every season. 
Spalding furnishes a variety of styles to select from. Their 
No. VG is their best quality, made m gray or white only, and 
the price of this jacket sweater is $6 each. The same sweater 
made with pockets on each side, their No. VPG, costs $6.50 
each. A somewhat lighter sweater for best quahty is their 
No. CJ at $5 each; and in the Shaker style, their No. 3J, $4-50 
each. In what is known as the vest-collar sweater Spalding 
furnishes a very popular style, No. BG, in white and gray 
only, at $5 each; and No. 3G, Shaker knit, standard weight, 
at $4. 

When it comes to athletic shoes, the athlete who regards his 
reputation as valuable goes to Spalding for something that 
is really correct and that will do him credit. Spalding furnishes 
the running, jumping, and hurdling shoes used by the best 
men in track and field sports, and there is not a competing 
athlete of any prominence in this country who does not 'wear 
Spalding shoes. They are made at almost all prices, and each 
style will be found satisfactory in quality, and excellent value 
for the prices asked. The Spalding No. 2-O running shoe is 
considered the acme of perfection on the running track, and 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

the price is $5.50 per pair. It is made of the finest kangaroo 
leather, extremely light and glove -fitting, with best Enghsh 
steel spikes firmly riveted on. In a calfskin shoe, hand-made, 
Spalding furnishes their No. 10 at $4.50 per pair; and in a 
calfskin machine-made shoe their No. iiT at $4 per pair, and in 
a somewhat cheaper quality their No. 11 at $3 per pair. 

To the cross-country runner there is not any part of his 
equipment that is so important as the shoes he wears. Spalding 
furnishes the shoes worn by the best cross-country men. They 
make up one quality in a special cross-country shoe, their 
No. 14C, at $5.50 per pair. They are really the best product 
of the shoemaker's art, being made of the finest kangaroo 
leather, with low heel, flexible shank, hand-made, and with six 
spikes on sole, and with or without spikes on heel, according 
to the preference of the runner. 

In a jumping or hurdling shoe, Spalding furnishes a shoe 
similar in quality to the No. 14C and to the No. 20 running 
shoe, and made with a special stiffened sole, and with spikes in 
heel, placed according to the latest ideas to assist jumpers. 
This is the No. 14H, jumping and hurdling shoe, and costs $5.50 
per pair. 

For indoor running Spalding furnishes three styles of shoes: 
No. Ill, fine leather, rubber-tipped sole, with spikes, at $4 
per pair; No. 112, with special rubber-tipped sole, and no spikes, 
at $3 per pair, and No. 114, rubber-tipped, and with no spikes, 
for $2.50 per pair. 

For indoor jumping, the Spalding No. 210, shoe, hand-made, 
of best leather, with rubber soles and either with or without 
spikes, costs $5 per pair. 

A full line of elastic bandages, ankle and wrist supporters, 
and other articles necessary for the athlete, is carried at all 
Spalding stores, and a catalogue, giving cuts, descriptions, and 
prices of these goods, will be sent on application from any 
Spalding store. For the athlete a necessary article is an 
elastic supporter. Spalding furnishes these in a variety of 
Styles. A popular style is the No. 5 bike jockey strap, the price 
of which is 75 cents each. These are made in three sizes: small, 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

to fit waist 2 2 to 28 inches; medium, 30 to 38 inches; and large, 
40 to 48 inches. The No. 2 style supporter, with elastic pieces 
on side, costs 50 cents each; and the No. 3, similar to No. 2, 
but with open-mesh front, also costs 50 cents each. The No. 
I, made of the best Canton flannel, costs 25 cents each; and 
the No. X, similar to No. i, but cheaper in quality, 15 cents 
each. In the line of suspensories the best quality is No. 4, 
the "Old Point Comfort," at $1.50; No. 3, at $1.25; and No. 2, 
at $1 each. Other styles are made by Spalding at prices from 
$1.25 each, down to 25 cents each 

A great benefit is often derived from the use of a satisfactory 
style of wrist supporter. Spalding furnishes these wrist sup- 
porters at prices from 20 cents to 50 cents each. The best 
quality — their No. 400 — is made of genuine pigskin, nicely 
lined, and made on the improved English slitted style. The 
price of this No. 400 wrist supporter is 50 cents each. The 
No. 200 style, made of solid belt leather, either tan of black, 
with double strap and buckle, costs 40 cents each, and the No. 300, 
with laced fastening, 25 cents each. The other Spalding 
styles are: No. 100, single strap and buckle, 25 cents each; and 
No. 50, of grain leather, single strap and buckle, 20 cents each. 
Another very necessary article is a satisfactory style of ankle 
supporter. Years ago, Spalding got out the Hackey ankle 
supporter, made of fine leather. This proved to be one or the 
most necessary articles for the athlete. It can be worn either 
under or over the stocking and supports the ankle admirably, 
while not interfering in any way with better movements. It 
relieves pain immediately, and it cures a sprain in a remarkably 
short time. It is necessary when ordering to give size of shoe 
worn. These ankle supporters are made in three qualities: 
No. H, of soft tanned leather, best quality, price $1 per pair; 
No. SH, made of good quality shespskin, 50 cents per pair, 
and No. CH, made of black duck, lined and bound, 25 cents 
per pair. 

A copy of the Spalding catalogue, devoted to their line of 
uniform equipment, should be in the hands of every athlete 
player, for there is listed in each Spalding catalogue number- 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY 

less articles that are necessary for the athlete, and of which 
he might know nothing if they were not brought to his attenion. 
Being in touch with the vast army of athletes in this country, 
A. G. Spalding & Bros, have means of testing out every idea 
thoroughly and to better advantage than any one else, and the 
benefit of their experience and knowledge gained during their 
thirty years in business is given over to every purchaser without 
additional cost in the Spalding line of athletic equipment. 
Copies of the Spalding catalogues will be sent free to any ad- 
dress on application to any of the Spalding stores, list of which 
is given below. 

New York City — 124-128 Nassau Street, and 29-33 We^t 
Porty-second Street. 

Philadelphia, Pa. — 10 13 Filbert Street. 

Boston, Mass. — 73 Federal Street. 

Baltimore, Md. — 208 East Baltimore Street. 

Washington, D. C. — 709 Fourteenth Street, N. W., Ojloradf/ 
Building. 

Pittsburg, Pa. — 439 Wood Street. 

Buffalo, N. Y.— 611 Main Street. 

Syracuse, N. Y. — University Block. 

Cleveland, Ohio — 741 Euchd Avenue. 

Chicago, 111. — 147-14Q Wabash Avejue. 

St. Louis, Mo. — 710 Pine Street. 

Cincinnati, Ohio — Fountain Square, 27 East Fifth Street, 

Kansas City, Mo. — iiii Walnut Street. 

Minneapolis, Minn. — 507 Second Avenue, South. 

Nev/ Orleans, La. — 140 Carondelet Street. 

Denver, Col. — 16 16 Arapahoe Street. 

San Francisco, Cal. — 134 Geary Street. 

Detroit, Mich. — 254 Woodward Avenue. 

Montreal, Canada— 443 St. James Street. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



WHAT TO USE FOR ATHLETICS 

In an athletic article, the most necessary requisite is suit- 
ability, and in this particular the athlete who purchases from 
Spalding is sure to be satisfied, because every Spalding athletic 
article is made to satisfy the athlete in every way, which ac- 
counts for the unparalleled popularity of Spalding goods among 
athletes generally. The boy competing in athletics should go 
to Spalding's, if possible, and see what is necessary for him tO' 
use, and which will be best adapted to his needs; but if that is 




John Flanagan, Champion 16-lb. Hammer Thrower. 

impossible, by sending his name on a postal card to the nearest 
Spalding store (see list on inside front cover), and stating what 
branch of athletic sport he is particularly interested in, a copy 
of the latest Spalding catalogue will be mailed to him, which 
contains pictures and prices of everything that is up to date in 
athletics. 

Spalding athletic implements are made in exact accordance 
with the rules of the Amateur Athletic Union, and have been. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

recognized as official, and no athlete who tries for a record 
would think of using any other make, as he knows that Spal- 
ding's are invariably correct, and he can compete with the as- 
surance that if he wins there will be no question of the illegality 
of the record, as sometimes happens when athletes use imple- 
ments that do not comply with the official requirements. 

For the hammer-thrower, the best hammer is the Spalding 
Championship Hammer, with ball-bearing swivel. This ham- 
mer was designed by Champion John Flanagan, who holds the 
world's record for throwing the hammer. The benefits of the 
ball-bearing construction will be quickly appreciated by all 
hammer-throwers. It is guaranteed absolutely correct in 
weight. The price of the No. 06 Spalding Championship Bail- 
Bearing Hammer, complete with sole-leather case, is $7 for the 
i6-lb., and the same price for the 12 -lb. If bought without the 




leather case, the price is $5 for either the i6-lb. or 12 -lb. In 
the ordinary style hammer, with wire handle, but not ball- 
bearing, the No. 9, Practice, made of lead, 12-lb., costs $4.50, 
and the No. 10, Regulation, i6-lb. lead, $5. In iron hammers 
the No. 12, Juvenile, 8-lb., costs $2.50; the No. 14, Practice, 
$3.50, and the No. 15, Regulation, i6-lb., $3.75. Wire handles 
for any of the foregoing hammers, with the exception of the 
Championship, cost 75 cents each. Handles for the Champion- 
ship hammer are not supplied separately, but have to be put 
in at the Spalding factory at an extra charge. 

It is advisable for a weight-thrower who wants to become 
expert to carry his own weights, and particularly his own ham- 
mer. He can then arrange to have the grip made to suit him- 
self, and when necessary, to cover it with leather, and he wiH. 
not be called upon when he goes to a competition to take the 
ordinarv hammer with a handle with which he is not familiar. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



The Spalding 56-lb, weight 
is made after designs submit- 
ted by Champion James S. 
Mitchel, the winner of in- 
numerable contests both in 
America and Europe. It has 
been endorsed by all the lead- 
ing weight-throwers, and is 
guaranteed correct in weight 
and in exact accordance with 
the rules of the Amateur Ath- 
letic Union. The 56-lb. weight 
is made in lead only, and costs, 
complete, $12. 

For shot putters the Spald- 
ing make is guaranteed correct 
in weight. Two styles of metal 
are used — lead and iron. In 
lead, the i6-lb. shot. No. 19, 
costs $3.50, and the 12-lb., No. 
21, $3. In iron, the i6-lb., No. 
23, costs $1.75 ; the 12-lb., No. 
25, $1.50; and the 8-lb., No. 
18, $1.25. The latter weight 
is made in iron only. For indoor use Spalding supplies 
shot with a leather cover, which prevents the shot from 
losing weight, even when used constantly. The prices on 
the leather-covered shot are as follows: i6-lb.. No. 4, $7.50^ 
12-lb., No. 3., $7; and the 8-lb., No. 26, $5. For indoof 
use, however, the best shot is Spalding's patented rubber- 




Regulation 56-lb. Weight. 





Rubber Covered Shot. 



Indoor Shot. 



Regulation Shot. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

covered indoor shot, which is made according to scientific 
principles, with a rubber cover that is perfectly round, 
giving a fine grip and having the proper resiliency when 
it comes in contact with the floor. It will wear longer 
than the ordinary leather-covered, and in addition there is no 
possibility that the lead dust will sift out , therefore it is always 
full weight. It has been thoroughly tested in the gymnasium 
of one of the greatest colleges in the country, and pronounced 
perfect by all who have had an opportunity to use it. The 
prices are: i6-lb., No. P, $io; 12-lb., No. Q, $9. 

Since the revival of discus-throwing at the Olympic games at 
Athens in 1906, and which, by the way, was won by an Ameri- 
can, Robert Garrett, of Princeton, the Spalding discus has been 




Spalding Olympic Discus. 

recognized as the official discus, and is used exclusively by 
Martin Sheridan, the hero of the Olympic games of 1906 at 
Athens, whose winnings contributed materially to the securing- 
by the American team of the greatest number of points in the 
athletic events. The price of the discus is $5. For the use of 
more youthful athletes, however, a discus similar to the official 
discus IS made, with the exception that it is lighter in weight. 
This Spalding Youths' Discus, as it is called, has been en- 
dorsed by the Public Schools Athletic League, and costs $4. 

For the pole-vaulter, the greatest care is exercised in making 
Spalding poles, only the most perfect and thoroughly seasoned 
pieces of spruce being used, making them the only poles that 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



are really fit and safe for an athlete. The prices are as follows: 
No. 104, 16 feet long, each, $7; No. 103, 14 feet long, $6; No. 
102, 12 feet long, $5; No. loi, 10 feet long, $4; No. 100, 8 feet 
long, $3. 

Spalding hollow spruce poles are considerably lighter than 
the solid poles, and the interior is filled with a special preparation 




VAULTING STANDARD. 
AND 
POLES. 




which greatly increases the strength and stiffness. The prices 
are: No. 204, 16 feet long, each, $10; No. 203, 14 feet long, 
$9.50; No, 202, 12 feet long, $9; No. 201, 10 feet long, $8.50; 
No. 200, 8 feet long, $8. 

In getting up the line of vaulting standards extreme care is 
taken to have the Spalding standards made carefully and well. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

There is nothing flimsy about them, and the measurements are 
clearly and correctly marked, so as to avoid any misunder- 
standing or dispute. The best is No. 109, wooden uprights, 
graduated in quarter inches, adjustable to 13 feet, complete, 
$15; No. no, wooden uprights, inch graduations, adjustable to 
10 feet, $10; No, III, wooden uprights, inch graduations, 7 
feet high, $7.50. Hickory crossbars, when purcnased separ- 
ately, cost $3 per dozen. 

There is one article that a contestant in a pole-vaulting event 
must have, and that is his own pole. There is a great deal in 
getting used to a pole and having confidence in the one that is 
yours, because no other contestant is allowed to use it, accord- 
ing to the rules, which is quite right, for it is a mistake for a 
pole-vaulter to allow another to use his pole, especially if the 
other man is heavier than the owner. Anyone can readily un- 
derstand that a man who weighs 160 pounds cannot use a pole 
designed for a man weighing 115 pounds. 




Foster's Safety Hurdle at the World's Fair, St. Louis. 

At the Buffalo Exposition and at the Olympic games in St. 
Louis the Foster 'Patent Safety Hurdle, manufactured by 
Spalding, was used exclusively. This style can be used for 
either high or low hurdles. The frame is 2 feet 6 inches high, 
with a horizontal rod passing through it 2 feet above the ground 
The hurdle is a wooden gate, 2 feet high, swinging on this rod 
at a point 6 inches from one of the sides and 18 inches from 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 



the other. With the short side up it measures 2 feet 6 inches 
from the ground, and with the long side up, 3 feet 6 inches. 
The hurdle can be changed from one height to the other in a 
few seconds, and is held firmly in either position by a thumb- 
screw on the rod. The price of the Foster Safety Hurdle is 
$3.50 each, and when purchased in sets of 40 hurdles, $100 per 
.set. 

In sprint races, wherever pos- 
sible, each contestant should have 
his own lane. A complete set of 
Spalding lanes, with sufficient cord 
and stakes to lay out a loo-yards 
course, can be bought for $15. 
The stakes are very strong and 
and can be driven into very hard 




Lanes for Sprint Races. 



made with pointed ends, 
ground. 

In laying out or rearranging grounds great care should be 
taken to see that the field sports can go on without interference, 
and in the management of a large meeting it is very essential 
that more than one field sp'ort should go on at more than one 
time. Therefore it should be arranged to have the running 
broad jump, running high-jump and the circles for weight, 
throwing separated. In order to have your plant as perfect as 
possible it is necessary to have all the apparatus that is neces- 
sary, not only to conduct an athletic meet, but to give the 
different athletes an opportunity to practice the various sports. 

Great care should be taken in the arrangement of the broad 
jump. The toe-board is a very important article, and is gen- 
erally overlooked, and the runway requires as much attention 
as the track. At the average athletic grounds the jumping 




Take-off Board. 



Toe Board or Stop Board. 



SPALDING'S ATHLETIC LIBRARY. 

path is usually neglected. A regulation take-off board can be 
obtained from Spalding for $3, and a toe-board or stop-board 
for $3.50. 

For the starter at an athletic meet Spalding has a very sat- 
isfactory and correct style of starter's pistol in a 3 2 -caliber 
pistol, with 2 -inch barrel and patent ejecting device, for $4.75. 
Another necessary article is a whistle for announcing that every- 
thing IS ready for a start and also for attractmg the attention 
of the ofificials. Spalding has two very good styles of whistles, 
either of which costs 25 cents each. Cuts are shown herewith. 
It is well also to have several measuring tapes to measure 
broad jumps, shot puts, hammer and weight throwing. There 




Starter's Pistol. 



No. 1. 



No. 2. 



are a great many different styles of measuring tapes made,, 
some plain, others in cases, but for general all-around use, as a 
really reliable measure, the special tapes which Spalding has 
made up are beyond any of the others. These steel tapes are 
furnished on patent electric reel, which allows the entire tape 
open to dry, and can be reeled and unreeled as easily as tapes 
in cases. It is especially adapted to lay off courses and long 
measurements, and accuracy is guaranteed. This style tape is 
furnished in two different lengths. No. iB, 100 feet long, 
graduated every foot, and each end foot in inches, costs $5 
each. No. iiB, 200 feet long, graduated every foot, and each 
end foot in inches, costs $7.50. The captain of the club should 
also provide himself with several balls of yarn for the finish. 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. U>U1S 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




RHHRlng 
Shoes 

piNEST Calfskin 

*- Running Shoe; 

light weight, hand 

made, six spikes. 




No. 10 




r^ 



A. G. SPALDINC & BROS. 



(L=. 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



s:) o= 




Spalding Athletic Wear 




INDOOR RUNNING SHOES 

Made With or Without Spikes 

No. 1 1 1. Fine leather, rubber tipped sole, with spikes. Per pair, $4.00 
No. 1 12. Leather shoe, special corrugated rubber tap sole no spikes. 3.0U 
No. 1 14. Leather shoe, rubber tipped, no spikes. Per pair, 2.30 

INDOOR JUMPING SHOES 

Made With or Without Spikes 

Hand-made, Best Leather Indoor Jumping Shoe, rubber soles. 
No. 210. Per pair. $5.00 

Send for Spalding's Illustrated Catalogue of all Athletic Goods. 
.o C -=^=r^^=:==^ 



-=J) 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(Uv 



^i;?^ Vr.i-V riiicaeo St- Louis Denver San Francisco 

Bostol M^neipolis Baltimore KansasCity New.Orleans 

iuffafo PhiladSphfa Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cmcinnati 

Montreal, Canada London. England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR. SPAUMNC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE f, 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




Cross Country Shoe 




Jumping and Hurdling Shoe. 



Cross 
country 
Shoes 

pi NEST Kangaroo 
*■ leather; low broad 
heel, flexible shank, 
hand sewed; six spikes 
on sole; with or with- 
out spikes on heel. 

NO. 14C 
Per pair . . $5.50 



JumpilHI and 

Hurdling 
Shoe 

piNE kangaroo 
*■ leather, hand made, 
specially stiffened sole, 
and spikes in heel 
placed according to the 
latest ideas to assist 
jumper. 

NO. 14H 

Per pair . . $5.50 



r^ 



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(U. 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

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Montreal, Canada London, England 




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rOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 

1900 





Record, 172 ft. 11 ins. 

made in Long Island 

City, July 31, 1904. 



JOHN FLANAGAN 

Champion 16-lb. 
Hammer Thrower 



/P 



^ 



Spalding Championship Hammer 

With Bail-Bearing Swivel 

THE Spalding Championship Ball Bearing 
Hammer, originally designed by John 
Flanagan, the champion of the world, has been highly 
endorsed only after repeated trials in championship 
events. The benefits of the ball bearing construction 
will be quickly appreciated by all hammer throwers. 

Guaranteed absolutely correct in weight. 
No. 02. 12-lb., with sole leather case. $7.00 
No. 02X. 12-lb., without sole leather case. 5.00 
No. 06. 16-lb., with sole leather case. 7.00 

No. 06X. 1 6-Ib., without sole leather case. 5.00 



/T 



(L=, 



^ A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 

^' New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cmcinnati 
Montreal. Can. London. England 




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FOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE /C^ 
ST. Lovns 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




^ 5S^ 

Regulation 56-lb. Weight 



^ 





^ 



Made after model submitted by Champion J. S. Mitchel, and endorsed 
by all weight throwers. Packed in box and guaranteed correct in 
weight and in exact accordance with rules of A. A. U. 

No. 2. Lead 56-lb. weights. Complete, $12.00 
V ^ ^_ O P JJ 



r^ 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




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rOR. SPAUXNC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRJZ£ 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




Spald 



ing 



Rubber Covered Indoor Shot 

{Patented December 19, 1905) 

This shot is made according to 

scientific principles, with a rubber 

cover that is perfectly round; 

gives a fine grip, and has the 

proper resiliency when it comes 

in contact with the floor. It has 

been tested thoroughly in the 

gymnasium of one of the greatest colleges in 

the country, and is pronounced perfect by all 

who have had an opportunity to use it. 

No. P. 16-lb., $10.00 I No. Q. 12-lb.,$9.00 




Indoor Shot 

With our improved leather cover. 
Does not lose weight even when 
used constantly. 



No. 3. 

No. 4. 
Noo 26. 



12-lb. 

16-lb. 

8-lb. 



^ 




r^ 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



^ 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPAUMNC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE f., 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




Regulation Shot, Lead and Iron 



Guaranteed Correct in Weight. 






No. 19. 


16-lb. 


Lead. 


- Each, $3.50 


No. 21. 


12-lb. 


Lead. 


" 3.00 


No. 23. 


16-lb. 


Iron. 


1.75 


No. 25. 


12-lb. 


Iron. 


1.50 


No. 18. 


8-lb. 


Iron. 


1.25 



Spalding New Regulation Hammer 

With Wire Handle. 




No. 9. 

No. 10. 

No. 12. 
No. 14. 
No. 15. 

No. FH. 



$4.50 
5.00 



Guaranteed Correct in Weight. 
LEAD 

12-lb., Lead, Practice. - - Each, 

16-lb., Lead, Regulation. - - " 

IRON 

8-lb., Iron, Juvenile. - - Each, $2.50 

12-lb., Iron. Practice. - - " 3.50 

16-lb., Iron, Regulation. - - " 3.75 

EXTRA WIRE HANDLES 

For above hammers. ., - - Each, .75 
-o r 



^ 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U, 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. England ^ 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 

GRAND PRIZE /^^^ GRAND PRIX 

ST. LOUIS riSPWJWlJt)") PARIS 

1904 \<F^y 1900 





Foster's Patent Safety Hurdle 




FOSTER'S SAFETY HURDLE AT THE WORLD S FAIR, ST. LOUIS. 

THE* frame is 2 feet 6 inches high, with a horizontal rod passing 
through it 2 feet above the ground.. The hurdle is a wooden gate 
2 feet high, swinging on this rod at a point 6 inches from one of 
the sides and 18 inches from the other. With the short side up it 
measures 2 feet 6 inches from the ground, and with the long side up, 
3 feet 6 inches. The hurdle can be changed from one height to the 
other in a few seconds, and is held firmly in either position by a thumb- 
screw on the rod. It would be hard to conceive any device more simple 
or more easily handled than this. The invention was used exclusively 
at the Olympic Games at St. Louis and has met with the approval of 
the best known physical directors and trainers of the country. 



Siogle Hurdle, $3.50 



Per set of Forty Hurdles, $100.00 




New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, EnglantJ ■ 




=^=Spalding— 
Olympic Discus 



^ 



J 



Since the introduction of Discus Throwing, which was 

revived at the Olympic Games, in Athens, in 1896, and 

which was one of the 
principal features at the 
recent games held 
there, the Spalding Dis- 
cus has been recognized 
as the Official Discus, 
and is used in all com- 
petitions because it 

conforms exactly to the Official rules in every respect. 

Packed in a sealed box, and guaranteed absolutely correct. 




The Spalding 



^^TV7 



Price, $5.00 



miD 



Youths' Discus 



Officially adopted by the Public Schools Athletic League. 

To satisfy the demand for a discus that will be suitable iof 
the use of the more youthful athletes, we have put out this 
season a special discus, smaller in size and lighter in weight 
than the regular Official size. This Youths' Discus is 
made in exactly the same way as the Official style, merely 1 
I differing in size and weight. . . . Price, $4.00| 
Prices subject to change without notice 
A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



Send for Complete Catalogue of 
all Athletic Sports. 



Stores in all large cities. 
See inside cover page of this book. 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR. SPALDING ATHUETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 






Lanes for Sprinb Races / 

W/'E supply in this 
set sufficient 
stakes and cord to 
lay out four 100-yard 
lanes. Stakes are 
made with pointed 

ends and sufficiently strong so that they can be 

driven into hard ground. 

No. L. Per Set, $15.00 



Stop WaLch 

CTOP Watch, stem 
*^ winder, nickel-plated 
case, porcelain dial, regis- 
tered to 60 seconds by 1-5 
seconds, fly back, engag- 
i n g and disengaging 
mechanism. 



Each, $7.50 



S) A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 

New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco I 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse^ Cijicinnati I 
Montreal, Canada London, England <», ^ ^..^ij 







HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

SJ.IX)\J\S 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



VAULTING STANDARDS 




VAULTINQ STANDARD. 
AND 
POLES. 




No. 109. Wooden uprights, graduated in quarter inches, adjustable 
to 12 feet. ..... Complete, $15. OO 

No. 110. Wooden uprights, inch graduations, adjustable to 10 
feet. ...... Complete, $10- OO 

No. III. Wooden uprights, inch graduations, 7 feet high. 7 .50 



No, 112. Hickory. 



CROSS BARS 



Perdoz., $3.00 



J 



^ 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U. 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR. SPAUUNC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



=C) G= 




VAULTING POLES 

SELECTED SPRUCE 



No. 100. 


8 feet long-, solid. . 


. Each, $3.00 


No. 101. 


10 feet long, solid. . 


'' 4.00 


No. 102. 


12 feet long, solid. . 


'' 5.00 


No. 103. 


14 feet long, solid. . 


** 6.00 


No. 104. 


16 feet long, solid. . 


'' 7.00 



HOLLOW SPRUCE POLES 

Considerably lighter than the solid poles, and 
the special preparation with which we fill the 
interior of pole greatly increases the strength 
and stiffness. 
No. 200. 
No. 201. 
No. 202. 
No. 203. 
No. 204. 



8 feet long, hollow. 
10 feet long, hollow. 
12 feet long, hollow. 
14 feet long, hollow. 
16 feet long, hollow. 



. Each, 


$8.00 


n 


8.50 


(t 


9.00 


<t 


9.50 


it 


10.00 



Send for Spalding's Handsomely Rlustrated Catalogue 
of all Athletic Sports. 



r^. 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



^ 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




SLEEVELESS SHIR.TS 

No. 1 E. Best Worsted, full fashioned, 
stock colors and sizes. Each, $3.00 

No. 600. Cut Worsted, stock colors 
and sizes. . . Each, $ 1 .25 



No. 6E. Sanitary Cotton, stock colors 
and size"* . . Each, 50c. 

STRIPED 
SLEEVELESS SHIRTS 

Cut Worsted, with 4 -inch stripe around 
chest, in following combinations of colors : 
Navy with White stripe; Black with 
Orange stripe ; Maroon with White 
stripe ; Red with Black stripe ; Royal 
Blue with White stripe. Black with Red 
stripe. 

No. 600S. Each. $1.50 

Send far Spalding's Handsomely Illustrated Caixdogue of all Sports. 






~D 

A. C. SPALDINC & BROS. 

New York Chicago St Louis Denver ^^"JX'ijiTna" 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore KansasCity NewOrleans, 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal. Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




Quarter Sleeve Shirts y^ 




Best Worsted, full fashioned, stock colors 

and sizes. 

No. IF. Each, $3.00 

Cut Worsted, stock colors and sizes. 
No. 601. Each, $1.25 

Sanitary Cotton, stock colors and sizes. 
No. 6F. Each, 50c. 

Send for Spalding's Handsomely Elustrated Catalogue. 




^^ 



S) A. C. SPALDING A BROS. 

New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. Englanu 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



=0 0= 




Spalding Athletic Wear 



RUNNING PANTS 

No. 1. White or Black Sateen, 

fly front, lace back. $1.25 
No. 2. White or Black Sateen, 

lace back, fly front. $1.00 
No. 3. White or Black Silesia, 

fly front, lace back. 75c, 

No. 4. White or Black Silesia, 

fly front, lace back. 50c. 

Stripes down sides of any of 
these running pants, 25c. per 
pair extra. 




COMPETITORS' NUMBERS 

Printed on Heavy Manila Paper or Strong Linen 

MANILA LINEN 




No. 1. 
No. 2. 
No. 3. 
No. 4. 
No. 5. 
No. 6. 



I to 50. 

I to 75. 

I to 100. 

I to 150. 

I to 200. 

I to 250. 



Set, $ .50 

.75 

" 1.00 

" 1.50 

• 2.00 

" 2.50 



$2.50 

3.75 

5.00 

7.50 

10.00 

12.50 



Send for Spalding's Handsomely Illustrated Catalogue 
of all Athletic Sports. 



^ 



A. C. SPALDING &. BROS. 



e=. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 1 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



^ G= 




Spalding Athletic Wear 

CHAMOIS PUSHERS 



Made of fine 
chamois skin 
and used with 
running, walk- 
ing, jumping 
and other 
athletic shoes. 
No. 5. 
Per pair, 25c. 




Protection for Running Shoe Spikes 




Made of thick wood, shaped and perforated to accomodate 

spikes of running shoes. A great convenience for runners. 

No. N. Per pair, 50c. 



C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U. 



=9il 






HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 





r-FOOT 
CIRCLE 

•pHE discus, shot 
and weights 
are thrown from the 7-foot circle. Made of one-piece 
band iron with boUed joints. Circle painted white. 



Each, $10.00 




TAKE 

OFF 

BOARD 



JHE Take- 
off Board is used for the running broad jump and is a 
necessary adjunct to the athletic field. Regulation size, 
top painted white. 

Each, $3.00 

TOE BOARD 
OR STOP 
BOARD 

yHE Toe Board or 
Stop Board is used 
when putting the i6-lb. shot, throwing weights and 
discus, and is curved on the arc of a 7-foot circle. Toe 
Board, regulation size, painted white and substantially 
made. 

Each, $3.50 




^ 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U, 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal. Canada London. Englanc: 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




;>v GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 





No. 1 



Referees* WhisUes 

Nickel-plated whistle, well 
made. 
No. 1. Each, 25c. ^.,p 

Very reliable. Popular 

design. \,,^ 

No. 2. Each, 25c. no. 2 





No, 2. 



No. 2 
Nickel-plated. 



Umpires' 

and Linesmen's 

Horns 

Imported French 
goods, best grade. 

Polished brass. 

No. 1, $2.00 



$1.00 



Starters' Pistol 

32 caliber, two inch 

barrel. Patent ejecting 

device. 

Each, $4.75 



U 



Send for Illustrated Catalogue. 




r=J 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



&=^ 



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Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. Englan.j ^^ — ^ 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




The Spalding 
Highest Quality'' Sweaters 



(( 



We allotvfour inches for 
stretch in all our Sweaters, 
and sizes are marked ac- 
cordingly. It is suggested, 
however, that for very heavy 
inen a size about two inches 
larger than coat measure- 
ment be ordered to insure 
a comfortable fit. 

Made of the very finest 
Australian lambs' wool, 
and exceedingly soft and 
pleasant to wear. They 
are full fashioned to body 
and arms and without 
seams of any kind. The 
various grades in our 
"Highest Quality" Sweat- 
ers are identical in quality 
and finish, the difference in 
price being due entirely to 
variations in weight. 

Our No. A A Sweaters are 
considerably heavier than 
the heaviest sweater ever 
knitted and cannot be fur- 
nished by any other maker, 
as we have exclusive con- 
trol of this special weight. 
No. A A. Particularly suitable for foot ball and skating. 

Heaviest sweater made $8.00 

No. A. "Intercollegiate," special weight. .... 6.00 

No. B. Heavyweight 5 OO 

No. C. Standard Weight 4.00 

Colors: White, Navy Blue, Black, Gray, Maroon and Cardinal. 

Other colors^ to order. 

Prices on application. All made with"9-inch collars; sizes, 28 to 44 inches. 




^ 



A. C. SPALDINC Sl BROS. 



r? 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 



•n" if i)f ■ff 



Spalding if 
-"""■^ Jacket Sweaters 








No. VG. 

pearl 
only. 

No. CJ. 
pearl 
onlv. 

No. 3J. 
pearl 
only. 



SPECIAL 
NOTICE 

J/U^E will furnish 
any of our rey- 
xdar jacket sweat- 
ers with body and 
sleeves of one color 
and a different 
color C7iffs and 
edging, but only 
in stock colors, at 
no extra charge. 



No. VG 

Best quality worsted, heavy weight, 
buttons. Made up in gray or white 
... . . . Each, $6.00 

Fine worsted, standard weight, 
buttons. Made up in gray or white 
. ... . . Each, $5.00 

Standard weight, shaker knit, 
buttons. Made up in gray or w^hite 
Each, $4.50 



Prices subject to change without notice 



A. C 

Send for Complete Catalogue of 
all Athletic Sports. 



SPALDING & BROS. 

I Stores in all large cities. 

I See inside cover page of this book. 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



^ <P 




^: 



Showing Padding on Wrist and Forearm 




Spalding 
PupU's 
^ Boxing 
Glove 

Acting on the sug- 
gestion of one of the 
most prominent ath- 
letic officials in this 
country, we decided 
recently to get up a 
boxing glove that 
would be an aid to the 
pupil learning to box. 
This glove is addition- 
ally padded on the 
forearm and over the 
wrist, to prevent that 
soreness which is one 
of the most discourag- 
ing features following 
a brisk lesson in the 
art of "blocking." 
The glove part is well 
padded with curled 
hair, the leather being 
best quality soft tan. 

No. no. Perset,$6.oo 



==^ 



■J 



^ 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 



(Uv 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cmcinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England ' ** , ^r 





The 

Spalding 
Championship 
Gloves 



-^ 



Used and endorsed 

by champions of the 

world 

HTHE Spalding 
"Championship" 
Gloves are endorsed 
by all champions and 
have been exclusively 
used for years in 
championship c o n - 
tests and in training. 

The Spalding Championship Gloves The material and 

workmanship are of the highest quality, the fit is perfect, and 
by their peculiar construction absolutely prevent any chance 
of injury to the hands or wrists. Each set is carefully in- 
spected before packing, and guaranteed in every particular. 
Made in three sizes in sets of four gloves. 

No. 115. The Spalding "Championship" Glove, 5-oz., 
Corbett pattern, padded wrist. . Per set, $6.00 

No. 116- The Spalding "Championship" Glove, 6-oz., 
Per set, $6.00 

No. 118. The Spalding "Championship" Glove, 8-oz., 
Per set, $6,00 



V 



/ 



^ 



A. G. SPALDING <&. BROS. 



(U. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPAU>INC ATHUtTIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 



\> G= 





No. 11. Corbett Pattern 



SPALDINfi 
BOXING 
(LOVES 



No. 1 I . Corbett pattern, 
large 7-oz. glove, best qual- 
ity brown glove leather, 
padded with best curled 
hair, patent palm lacing, 
padded wristband, patent 
palm grip ; substantially 
made throughout for hard 
usage. Setof four.$5.00(_y 

No. 1 3. Corbett pattern, _. 
olive tanned leather, well(^ 
padded with hair, patent 
palm lacing and patent 
palm grip. 

Set of four, $4.50 

No. I 5 . Corbett pattern, 
olive tanned leather, well 
padded with hair, padded 
wristband, patent palm lac- 
ing, patent palm grip. 

Set of four, $3.50 



No. I 7 . Corbett pattern, craven tan leather, well padded with hair, 
patent palm lacing, patent palm grip, padded wristband. ^^ ^ ^ 

Set of four, $3.50 

No. 19. Corbett pattern, craven tan leather, well padded with hain 
patent palm grip and patent palm lacing. . . Set of four, $3.00 

No. 2 I . Corbett pattern, grip and cuffs of brown leather, balance of 
glove finished in dark wine color leather; well padded with hair and 
patent palm lacing Set of four, $ 2 . 5 O 



'n 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 1 1 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati] 

Montreal. Canada London, England 



!J] 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 

1900 




(T 



Spaldlnc) Youths* Boxing Gloves 



=^ 





^: 



Made in ex- 
actly the same 
manner and of 
same material 
as the full size, 
gloves of our 
manufac- 
ture and are 
warranted t o 
give satisfac- 
tion. :: :: :: 



No. 1^5. Corbett Pattern No. 25. Regular Pattern 

No. 45. Youths' Championship Glove, Corbett pattern, best quality 
brown glove leather, extra well finished and double stitched ; patent 
palm lacing and patent palm grip. . . . Set of four, $3, OO 

No. 40. Youths' size, Corbett pattern, soft craven tan leather, well 
padded, patent palm lacing Set of four, $2.0 O 

No. 25. Youths' size, regular pattern, soft tanned leather, patent 
palm lacing Set of four, $ 1 . 5 O 

No. 26. Youths' size, regular pattern, dark tanned leather, elastic 
wristband. ........ Set of four, $ I .OO 

No. 27. Youths' size, regular pattern, dark tanned leather, elastic 
wristband, with canvas palm. Perset, $(.00 

Send for Spalding's handsomely illustrated catalogue. 
Mailed free to any address. 



;^ 



r^ 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



(U. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 1 1 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 1 1 
Montreal. Canada London, England JJ 



HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE ^-/i::^ 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 





GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




-^ 



No. 23. Regular Pattern 



P AIDING ROXING 
GLOVES 



No. 9. Regulation 5-oz. 
glove, best quality brown 
glove leather, padded with best 
curled hair, patent palm lac- 
ing, padded wristband, patent 
palm grip. Substantially made 
throughout for hard usage. 

Set of four, $5.00 

No. 14. Regulation 5-oz.^ 
glove, dark wine color, padded 
wristband, patent palm lacingO 
and patent palm grip. ^ 

Set of four, $3.50 

No. 23. Regular pattern, 
fine quality brown tanned 
leather ; a very well made 
glove. Hair padded and patent 
palm lacing. 

Set of four. $r.75 



No. 24. Regular pattern, outer handpiece of craven tan leather, 
grip and cuffs of olive shade ; hair padded, elastic wristband. 

Set of four, $1.25 



No. 24C. Men's size, with canvas palm ; otherwise like No. 24. 

Set of four, $ I .OO 



\: 






5) A, C. SPALDING & BROS. 

([New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco! 
I Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans I 
I Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincmnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 







HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




^ G 




THE SPALDING STRIKING BAGS 

The Bladders used in all our Striking Bags are made of 
pure Para rubber and fully guaranteed. 

No. IS. The "Fitzsimmons Special." 
Made of finest selected olive Napa 
tanned leather, extra well made, 
double stitched, red welted seams 
and reinforced throughout. For train- 
ing purposes particularly this bag 
will be found extremely satisfactory 
In every respect. Each $5.00 

No. 18S. Same as No. 18, but smaller 
in size and lighter. Intended for 
very speedy work. Each $5.00 

No. 12. Made of olive tanned leather, 
specially selected; double stitched, red 
welted seams and reinforced through- 
out. Excellent for quick work. 
Each $4.00 

No. 10. Made of specially tanned 
brown glove leather; double stitched, 
red welted seams and reinforced 
throughout. Well made in every par- 
ticular. Each $3.25 

No. 17. Made of fine craven tanned 
leather, well finished; double stitched, 
red welted seams and reinforced 
throughout. A good all around bag. 
Each $3.00 

No. 16. Made of extra fine grain 

leather; full size and lined through- 

out. Each $2.50 

No. 15. Made of olive tanned leather; full size and lined through- 
out; red welted seams. Each $1.75 

No. 14. Good quality brown leather; lined throughout. Each.. $1.00 




(New^ 

I Rostnr 



A. C. SPALDING Sl BROS. 



nciscol 



York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 1 1 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. England JJ 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPALOINC ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 

1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 





SPALDING 
CHEST 
WEIGHT 

No. 2 

AN ideal machine for 
, home use. Well made 
and easy running. 
Rods are 5-8 inch coppered 
spring steel, bearings are 
hardened steel cone, points^ 
running in soft gra^iron: noise, 
less and durable. Weight 
carriage packed with felt, 
good for long wear, but easily 
removed and replaced when 
necessary without the use of 
glue or wedges of any kind. 
Weight carriage strikes on 
rubber bumpers. Weights 
are 5 pound iron dumb bells, 
one to each carriage, and 
may be removed and used as 
dumb bells if desired. Wall 
and floor boards are hard 
wood, nicely finished and 
stained. All castings heavily 
japanned. Every part of 
machine guaranteed free of 
defect. 

Each, - $5.00 



^ 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 





The LatHn Friction Rowing Machine 



'=^ 




I 



THE means used to produce the resistance is a simple 
friction clutch, which takes instant hold at the com- 
mencement of the stroke and retains the pressure 
till its completion, when it instantly releases it precisely as 
in a boat. Quickly taken apart without loosening any 
bolts or screws. Each machine is adjustable to any 
amount of friction or resistance. 

No. 1 19. Complete, $16.00 



^CP- 



A. C. SPALDING A, BROS. 



(L=. 



IN^York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. England 1 



^ 



The 

Spalding 
Official 
League 
Ball 




Used exclu- 
sively by the 
National 
League, 
Minor Lea- 
gues, and by 
all Intercolle- 
giate and other 
Associations 
for over a 
quarter of a 
century.Each 
ball w^rapped 
in tinfoil and 

put in a separate box, and sealed in accordance with the regula- 
tions of the National League and American Association. War- 
ranted to last a full game when used under ordinary conditions. 

No. 1. - - - Each, $1.25 

THE SPALDING OFFICIAL Made with horse- 

hide cover, and m 



LEAGUE BALL FOR BOYS 



every respect same 



as our Official League Ball, except slightly smaller in size. 
Especially designed for junior clubs (composed of boys under 
16 years of age), and all games in which this ball is used will 
be recognized as legal games. Warranted to last a full game. 



No. IB. 



Each, 75c. 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

Send for Complete Catalogue of \ Stores in all large cities. 

all Athletic Sports. \ See inside cover page of this book. 



\ 



SPALDING 
OFFICIAL LEAGUE BALL 



Is the Standard of the World 

It is the Original League BaP It is the Universally Adopted Leagne Bait 

It is the Official League Ball It is the Best League Ball 

(t has been formally adopted as the Official Ball of 

THE NATIONAL LEAGUE FOR 30 YEARS 

It has also been adopted as the Official Ball for all Championship 
Games by the following Professional Leagues 

EASTERN LEAGUE for 20 years INTER-STATE LEAGUE for 9 years, 

NEW ENGLAND LEAGUE for 20 years NEW YORK STATE LEAGUE for U yeart 

NORTHERN LEAGUE for 5 years CENTRAL LEAGUE for 5 years 

TEXAS LEAGUE for 13 years SOUTH ATLANTIC LEAGUE for 5 years 

WESTERN ASSOCIATION for 11 years INDIANA. ILLINOIS and IOWA 
CALIFORNIA LEAGUE for 10 years LEAGUE for 7 years 

And by 22 other Professional Leagues that have adopted the Spalding League Bait from t to i years. 

THE Spalding League Ball was first adopted by the National League in 1878, and is 
the only ball that has been used in Championship League Games since that time. 
In the recent great World's Championship Games in Chicago between the 
Chicago Nationals and the Chicago Americans the Spalding League Ball was used. 

IN addition to the different American adoptions, the' Spalding Official League Ball 
has been made the official ball by the governing Base Ball Associations of Mexico. 
Cuba. Canada, Australia, South Africa. Great Britain. Philippine Islands, Japan, 
and, in fact, wherever Base Ball is played. The Spalding League Ball has received 
this universal adoption because of its well established reputation for uniformity and 
high quality, but the special object of such adoptions, from the players' standpoint, is 
to secure absolute uniformity in a ball, that will prevent unfair "jockeying" with an 
unknown ball, and make National and International Base Ball contests possible, and 
at the same time make the records of players of value, and uniform throughout the 
world, which can only be secured by standardizing one well known ball. 

The Spalding Official League Ball »,:S„lIl',tpr"l 

college teams. The soldiers and sailors in the United States Army and Navy use it exclusively. 
In fact, the Spalding League Ball is in universal use wherever Base Ball is played. 

Once in a while a minor league will experiment for a short time with some other ball, but 
m variably returns to the Spalding _^ _ VIZ 

League Ball, which has now f hc Otanddrd Of tfaC WOfld 
become universally recognized ^^m 

s^ (J 



Sem 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



-Q 



Send for Complete Catalogue oj I Stores in all large cities. 

all Athletic Sports. I See inside cover page of this book. 







r: i 



Q 
< 

O 
Q 

s 

< 

(1^ 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR SPAUMNC ATHLETIC GOODS 



CRA^a> PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




r 



=^ 




A. G. $Pi\L»IN<i £ BROS. 

%\ The largest manufacturers in the 
world of Official Athletic Imple- 
ments for all sports and pastimes, 
extend to all athletes or sportsmen 
visiting England, a cordial invita- 
tion to call and inspect their 
London establishments. 



Factory : 
Putney Wharf, 
London, S. W. 



^ 



Retail Store : 

53, 54 (a» 55, Fetter Lane, 

London, £c C. 



J 



r^ 



A. C. SPALDING & BROS. 



?=^ 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London. England 



HIGHEST AWARDS 

FOR. SPALDING ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 





GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




=^ 



Gymnasium 
Shoes 



Selected leather, elec- 
tric sole. A very easy 

and flexible shoe. 
No. 20. Low cut. $1.75 
No. 21. High cut. 2.00 



Low cut canvas, canvas 
sole; very popular for 

gymnasium. 
No. E. Per pair, 35c. 



Special ladies' low cut 
shoe, selected black lea- 
ther, with roughened 

electric sole. 
No. 85L. Per pair, $2.00 



Spalding's handsomely 

illustrated catalogue of 

Athletic Sports mailed 

free to any address. 



r^ 



SPALDING & BROS. 



(U. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 

Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 

Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




SPALDING & BROS. 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati 
Montreal, Canada London, England 




HIGHEST AWARDS 

rOK SPAUHI4C ATHLETIC GOODS 



GRAND PRIZE 

ST. LOUIS 
1904 




S>v GRAND PRIX 

PARIS 
1900 




(^ 



Expol RaciiM) and swlnmlnj Sill 



^ 



— 


- _ 1 


\ 


1 1 ml ll 




ijllff ^ml 


Send for Spalding's 
handsomely illustrated 
catalogue of all sports. 
Mailed free to any ad- 
dress in the United 
States or Canada. 



No. 2R.. Made of 
mercerized cotton, silky 
finish, and shedding 
water readily. Light 
weight and nicely 
finished; buttons over 
shoulders. Color: Navy 
Blue. Per suit, $2.00 



^^0^XJ^ 



No. IR. Made of cot- 
ton, light in weight, 
snug fitting and well 
finished. Buttons over 
shoulders. Color: Navy 
Blue. Per suit, $ 1 .00 



6= 



,-J A. 



C. SPALDING &. BROS. 



lU 



4 



New York Chicago St. Louis Denver San Francisco 1 1 
Boston Minneapolis Baltimore Kansas City New Orleans 1 1 
Buffalo Philadelphia Washington Pittsburg Syracuse Cincinnati | 
Montreal. Canada London, England jj 



Durand-Steel Lockers 



WOODEN LOCKERS are objec- 
tionable because they attract 
vermin, absorb odors, can be 
easily broken into, and are dan- 
gerous on account of fire. Lockers made 
from wire mesh or expanded metal af- 
ford little security, as they can be easily 
entered with wire cutters. Clothes 
placed in them become covered with dust 
and thelockers themselves presenta poor 
appearance, resembling animal cages. 

Ourand-Steel Lockers are made 

of high-grade steel plates, and are fin- 
ished with gloss-black Furnace baked 
Japan (400°) , comparable to that used on 
hospital ware, which will never flake off 
nor require refinishing. as do paints and 
enamels. 

Durand'Steei Lockers are usual- 
ly built with doors perforated full length 
in panel design, with sides and backs 
solid. 
This 
pre 
ve n t ~ 
clothes 
in one 
locker 
from 





fff'ii'l 



Six Lockers in 
Double Tier 



coming in contact with wet gar- 
ments in adjoining lockers, while 
plenty of ventilation is secured by 
having the door perforated its 
entire length, but if the pur- 
chaser prefers we perforate the 
backs also. 

The cost of Durand-Steel Lockers 
is no more than that of first-class 
wooden lockers, and they last as 
long as the building, are sanitary, 
secure, and in addition, are fire- 
proof. 

We are handling lockers as a spe- 
cial contract business, and ship- 
ment will in every case be made 
direct from the factory in Chi- 
cago. If you will let us know the 
number of lockers, size, and ar- 
rangement, we shall be glad to 
take up through correspondence^ 
the matter of prices. 



A. G. SPALDING & BROS. 

Send for Complete Catalogue of I Stores in all large cities. 

all Athletic Sports. I See inside cover page of this book. 



8 



THE FOLLOWING INDEX FROM 
SPALDING'S LATEST CATALOGUES 
WILL GIVE AN IDEA OF THE 
GREAT VARIETY OF ATHLETIC 
GOODS MANUFACTURED AND SOLD 
BY A. G. SPALDING & BROS. : : ; : 



Page 
Abdomen Protector.... 31, 72 

Archery Goods 78, 79 

Athletic Paraphernalia. 82 

Badminton 69 

Bags, Bat 21 

Bags, Bathing Suit.... 32 

Bags, Caddy 66, 67 

Bags, Striking 102. 103 

Bags, Uniform 21 

Balls, Base 4-7 

Balls, Basket 84, 85 

Balls, Croquet 76 

Balls, Foot 70, 71 

Balls, Hand 94 

Balls, Field Hockey ... 74 

Balls, Indoor Base 92 

Balls, Golf 64, m, 69 

Balls, Lacrosse 88 

Balls, Medicine 114 

Balls, Polo 89 

Balls, Tennis 48, 49 

Balls, Squash 66 

Balls, Volley 94 

Balls, Water Polo 94 

Bandages, Elastic 30 

Bars, Ash Ill 

Bar Stalls 115 

Bars, Doorway 118 

Bases. Base Ball 20 

Bases, Indoor 92 

Basket Ball Wear 86. 87 

Bats, Base Ball 8-10 

Bats, Indoor 92 

Bat Bags, Base Ball.. 21 

Bathing Suits 32-33 

Belts 25, 72 

Bladders 71,85,103 

Bows, Archery 78, 79 

Caddy Bags 66, 67 

Caps, Base Ball 26 

Caps. University 27 

Centre Forks, Iron 54 

Centre Straps. Canvas. 54 

Chest Weights 106,107 

Circle, 7-ft 82 

Clock Golf 69 

Coats, Base Ball 24 

Corks, Running 35 

Covers, Racket 54 

Cricket Goods 57 

Croquet Goods 76 

Discus, Olympic 81 

Disks, Striking Bag.. 104, 105 

Dumb Bells 110, 111 

Elastic Bandages 30 

Emblems 2f 



Page 

Equestrian Polo 75 

Exercisers, Home 120 

Exercisers, Whitely... 120 

Fencing Goods 95-98 

Field Hockey Sticks... 74 

Flags, College 83 

Foot Balls 70-71 

Foul Flags 20 

Gloves, Base Ball 16, 17 

Gloves, Boxing 99-101 

Gloves, Fencing 97 

Gloves, Foot Ball 31 

Gloves, Golf 67 

Gloves, Striking Bag.. 103 

Goals, Basket Ball 85 

Goals, Field Hockey... 74 

Goals, Foot Ball 71 

Goals, Lacrosse 88 

Goals. Polo 89 

Golf Clubs 58. 6S 

Golf Goods 58-69 

Grips. Athletic 35 

Guy Ropes and Pegs.. 53 

Gymnasium, Outdoor. . . 121 

Hammers, Athletic... 80 

Handle Covers, Rubber 64 

Hats, University 27 

Home Gymnasium 116 

Horizontal Bars 118, 119 

Hurdles, Safety 82 

Hob Nails 41, 67 

Horns, Umpires' 82 

Indian Clubs 110, 111 

Indoor Base Ball 92 

Inflaters, Striking Bag. 103 

Jackets, Swimming 32 

Jerseys 38 

Knee Tights 87 

Knickerbockers 37, 73 



Lacrosse 

Lanes for Sprints. 

Lawn Bowls 

Ivockers 



§8 
82 
77 
124 

55 
18 
98 
118. 
114 
83 

Mitts. Base Ball 11-15 

Mitts, Striking Bag... 103 

Nets, Tennis 50, 51 

Numbers, Competitors'- 35 



Markers. Tennis... 
Masks, Base Ball. 
Masks. Fencing.... 

Mattresses 

Medicine Balls. . . . 
Megaphones 



SPALDING'S ILLUSTRATED CATA- 
LOGUE AND PRICE LIST FURNISHED 
FREE UPON APPLICATION TO ANY 
OF SPALDING'S STORES-FOR LOCA- 
TION OF WHICH SEE INSIDE FRONT 
COVER OF THIS BOOK. :::::: 



o 

Paint. Golf 

Pants, Base Ball 

Pants, Cricket 

Pants, Foot Ball 

Pants. Running 

Parallel Bars 


■"To 

25 
36 
73 
35 
119 
82 
20 
20 
55 
20 
20 
81 
75 
89 
54 

28 

35 
19 
85 
94 
35 
41 

114 

64 

44-47 
56 
54 
49 
56 
53 

6, 117 
91 
77 

)8, 109 
21 

85 
69 
54 
21 
74, 89 
25 
36 
37 
37 
28 
87 
42 
34 
42 
97 
72 
41 


Shoes, Gymnasium . . . 
Shoes, Indoor Jumping. 

Shoes, Jumping 

Shoes, Indoor Running. 

Shoes, Running 

Shoes, Squash 

Shoes, Tennis 

Shoe Plates, Base Ball 
Shot 


P 

34, 

90, 

28, 
31, 
39, 

4- 
50, 
5: 

2: 


— o 

age 
4.> 
35 
35 
35 
34 
41 


Pistol. Starter's 

Plates. Base Ball Shoe 


42 
20 
80 


Plates. Marking 

Plates, Pitchers' Toe.. 
Plates. Pitchers' Box.. 

Poles, Vaulting 

Polo, Equestrian 

Polo, Roller 

Presses. Racket 

Protection for Shoe 


Skates, Roller 

Skull Caps 

Sleeve Bands 

Slippers, Bathing 

Stockings 


91 
73 
83 
32 
?9 


Stop Board 

Stop Watch 

Supporters 


82 
82 
?1 


Plates 


Supporters. Ankle 

Suspensories 

Sweaters 24, 

Swivels, Striking Bag. 

Take-Off Board 

Tape, Rubber Adhesive 

Tapes, Marking 

Tapes, Measuring 

Targets, Archery 

Tennis Rackets 

Tennis Nets 

Tennis Posts 


, ^0 


Protection for Shoe 
Spikes 


, 72 
40 


Protectors, Ease Ball.. 

Protector, Thumb 

Push Ball 

Pushers, Chamois 

Puttees, Golf 


102 

82 
54 
55 


Quoits 

Hacket Covers 

Rackets, I.awn Tennis. 
Rackets. Squash Tennis 


82 

79 

1-47 

, 51 

1-53 

55 


Racket Presses 

Rackets Restrung 


Tights, Full Length... 
Toe Board 


37 

8? 


Rackets. Squash 

Reels for Tennis Posts 

Rings, Swinging 11 

Rink Skates 

Roque Goods 

Rowing Machines IC 

Score Books, Base Ball 

Score Books. Basket 

Ball 


Trapeze 

Trousers, Tennis, Out- 
ing 

Trousers, Y. M. C. A. 

Trunks, Velvet 

Trunks, Worsted 

Umpire Indicator 

Uniform Bags 

Uniforms, Base Ball... 

Uniforms, Indoor 

Underwear, Athletic. . . 

Varnish for Gut 

Vaulting Standards 

Volley Ball Standards. 

Waist Reducing Ma- 
chine 


117 

36 
37 
37 
32 

21 
21 


Score Books, Golf 

Score Books, Tennis... 

Scoring Tablets 

Shin Guards 72, 

Shirts. Base Ball 

Shirts. Outing 

Shirts, Quarter Sleeve. 

Shirts, Sleeveless 

Shoes, Base Ball 

Shoes, Basket Ball 


i-2A 
93 
36 

54 
81 
94 

113 
111 


Shoes. Bowling 

Shoes Cross Country.. 
Shoes, Cricket 


Watches, Stop 

Water Wings 

Weights, 56-lb 


82 
32 
80 


Shoes, Fencing 

■Shoes, Foot Ball 

Shoes, Golf 


Whistles, Referees' . . . 

Wrist Machines 

Wrestling Machines. . . 


82 
120 
113 



JUN '^ '908 







Albert Go and Jo Walter Spalding commenced business March 

ist, 1876, at Chicago, under the firm name A. G. Spalding & Bro. , 
with a capital of $800. Two years later their brother-in-law, 
William T. Brown, came into the business, and the firm name 
was then changed to A. G. Spalding & Bros. 

The business was founded on the Athletic reputation of Mr. 
A. G. Spalding, who acquired a national prominence in the realm 
of Sport, as Captain and Pitcher of the Forest City's of Rockford, 
111. (1865-70), the original Boston Base Ball Club (Champions of 
the United States, 1871-75), and the Chicago Ball Club (1876-77), 
first Champions of the National League. He was also one of the 
original organizers, and for many years a director, of the National 
League of America, the premier Base Ball organization of the 
-world. Mr. Spalding has taken an important part in Base Ball 
affairs ever since it became the National Game of the United States 
at the close of the Civil War in 1865. The returning veterans of 
that War, who had played the game as a camp diversion, dis- 
seminated this new American field sport throughout the country, 
and thus gave it its national character. ^' 

Base Ball Goods were the only articles of merchandise carried 
the first year, the total sales amounting to $11,000. Gradually 
implements and accessories of Athletic Sports were added, until 
the firm now manufacture the requisites for all kinds of Athletic 
Sports. Originally the firm contracted for their supplies from 
outside manufacturers, but finding it impossible, by this method, 
to keep the standard of quality up to their high ideals, they 
gradually commenced the manufacture of their own goods, and 
by the acquisition from time to time of various established 
factories located in different parts of the country, are now able 
to, and do manufacture in their own factories everything bearing 
the Spalding Trade-Mark, which stands the world over as a 
guarantee of the highest quality. 



There are over three thousand persons employed in various 
capacities in A. G. Spalding & Bros.' factories and stores located 
in all the leading cities of the United States, Canada and England. 
A capital of over $4,000,000 is employed in carrying on this busi- 
ness, and the annual sales exceed the total combined annual sales 
of all other manufacturers in the world making a similar line 
of goods. 

A. G. Spalding & Bros, have always taken a leading part in 
the introduction, encouragement and support of all new Sports 
and Games, and the prominence attained by Athletic Sports in 
the United States is in a very great measure due to the energy, 
enterprise and liberality of this progressive concern. They were 
the pioneers, and in fact the founders, of the Athletic Goods 
Trade in America, and are now universally recognized as the 
undisputed Leaders in the Athletic Goods line throughout the 
world. 

The late Marshall Field of Chicago, America's greatest Mer- 
chant, speaking of the business of A. G. Spalding & Bros., said: 
*' I am familiar with its early career, growth and development, 
and when I compare its unpromising outlook and the special 
field for its operations that existed at its inception in 1876, with 
its present magnitude, I consider it one of the most remarkabh 
mercantile successes of the world." 

The millions of Athletes using them, and the thousands of 
Dealers selling them, attest to the High Quality of Spalding's 
Athletic Goods, and they must determine the future history of 
this concern. 



^^A. 







I 



ATHLETIC I/Il 




A separate book covers every 

and is Official and Standard 
V^^ Price 10 cents each 



GRAND PRIZE 



GRAND PRIX 



ST. LOUIS. 190 i 




PARIS, 1900 



SPALDING 
ATHLETIC GOODS 

ARE THE STANDARD OF THE WORLD 



A.G.SPALDING & BROS. 

MAINTAIN WHOLESALE and RETAIL STORES in the FOLLOWING CITIES 



NEW YORK ^_^__ 

PHILADELPHIA 
BOSTON 

BALTIMORE 

WASHINGTON 
PITTSBURG 
BUFFALO 
SYRACUSE 
MONTREAI^, CAN. 



Factories owned and O} 
Tradel^arked Aihlef- 



CHICAGO 



ST. LOUIS 

CINCINNATI 
KANSAS CITY 
MINNEAPOLIS 

NEW ORLEANS 
DENVER 

SAN FRANCISCO 

LONDON, ENG, 

"ildinjf&Bros. and where allofSpctdiny's 
ire located in the followinr -'■'^•'•■^ 



|N£W YORK CHICAGO SAN FRANCISCO CHICOPEB^MASS. 
BROOKLYN BOSTON PHILADELPHIA ^ LONDON^ ENG. 



